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EDWARD 



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FOR SAUe BY 

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PETERSBURG, VIRGIN I,A, I 



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Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1884, 

By EDWARD POLLOCK, Petersburg, Va. 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



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IBKX-APFCAL PRINT. PETE«»BUHO 



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PREFACE, 



^M M M compilation of this Volume has engaged my close 
and careful attention for the past five months. I claim for it 
nothing beyond fidelity to fact, so far as my best endeavors 
have been successful in ascertaining it. 

In writing the "Historical Sketch" I have been greatly as= 
sisted by several friends for whose kindness I desire to express 
my gratitude Many of the earlier details were supplied 
by Judge (Drury A. Hinton, of the Supreme Court of Appeals 
of Virginia, and those relating to the siege of Petersburg, by 
Capt. W. Gordon McCabe ; while the late ^ev. E. S Gregory, 
of Lynchburg, whose widely =lainented death occurred on the 
igth of the present inonth, most kindly placed at iny disposal 
his '^Sketch of the History of (Petersburg," together with copi= 
ous notes and clippings collected by him for a contemplated 
second edition, from which I borrowed liberally, in many 
places foUoiving the text. I zvas further aided in the arrange^ 
ment of the narrative by Mr. J . Calvin Lester, to whmn my 
best thanks are also due. 

It is my earnest hope that the book may be instrumental in 
advancing the commercial and. socia-l interests of ^Petersburg 
and her well=^beloved citizens. 

BBWARB POLLOCK. 



PETERSBURG 






INTRODUCTORY. 



PETERSBURG, A CITY OF VIRGINIA, lies chiefly in the County of 
Dinwiddie, on the south bank of the river Appomattox, twelve miles 
above its confluence with the James at City Point. Its suburbs 
extend to the eastward into Prince George County, and to the northward, 
across the river, into Chesterfield. It is situated on that belt of primitive 
fossiliferous rock which stretches from Alabama to Canada, on the fourth 
of the westwardly ascending terraces of Virginia, on a border of granite 
and sandstone forming the rocky barrier over which the waters of the up- 
per country fall and mingle with the tide-waters of the Atlantic Slope. 
This situation supplies at once the two chief desiderata of a great manu- 
facturing and commercial centre, namely, superior water-power for driv- 
ing machinery, and a natural highway for the transportation of products to 
the sea. The meridian of Petersburg, west of Washington, is 24 minutes ; 
its parallel, north of the Equator, is 37 degrees, 13 minutes. The present 
town occupies a natural amphitheatre, rising gradually from the river- 
front to the south, east and west, and reaching an elevation above tide- 
water of about eighty feet. From the hills on the north bank of the Ap- 
pomattox, a comprehensive view of the City can be obtained with its pic- 
turesque suburbs, as they spread outward and upward from the harbor until 
the semi-circular boundary, formed by the highest visible tier of terraces, 
is reached. This latter is clearly marked, being surmounted on the east 
by Blandford Church and Cemetery, on the south by the Reservoir and 
" Mount Erin," the residence of Wm. Cameron, Esq., and on the west by 
"East View," the summer abode of Dr. Daniel W. Lassiter. The corpo- 
rate limits of the City include an area of nearly seven square miles, the 
greater portion of which is shaded during the summer months with luxu- 
riant foliage. The population, according to the census of 1S80, was 21,- 



6 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

656, but the registration, immeiliately preceding the municipal election in 
May, 1SS4, of 4,916 (]ualified voters, would indicate a total pojMilation of 
about 25,000 souls. 

Petersburg is distant from Richmond 23 miles ; from Norfolk, 81 miles : 
from Lynchburg, 123 miles; from Weldon, N. C, 65 miles; and from 
Washington, D. C, 139 miles. Its immediate connections with these 
points, and the world beyond them, are as follows : The Norfolk & West- 
ern Railroad, running from the Atlantic Ocean at Norfolk to the town of 
Bristol, Va., on the boundary line of Tennessee ; the Richmond & Pe- 
tersburg Railroad, connecting this City with the Capital of the State ; the 
Petersburg Railroad, running hence to Weldon, N. C. ; and the Appomat- 
tox and James Rivers, the latter of which is also reached by a branch of 
the Norfolk tS: Western Railroad from Petersburg to City Point. The 
far-reaching commercial relations and general advantages enjoyed by the 
City will be more fully treated of in the later pages of this publication. 

HISTORICAL SKETCH. 

OLD FORT HENRY. 

IN the year 1645, thirty-eight years after the settlement of Jamestown 
and during the administration of Governor Berkeley, a party was dis- 
patched to make a permanent settlement at the head of navigation on 
the Appomattox River. Peace prevailed at that time between the Coloni-sts 
and the Indians, having been contracted by the Governor and the friend- 
ly chief Necotowanee, the successor of the warlike Opecancanough. This 
cessation of hostilities was at once improved by the erection of Fort Hen- 
ry at the Falls of the Appomattox, on the site of the present City. The 
object of this settlement, as declared by the statute, was " the prevention 
of the great reliefe and subsistence to the Salvages by fishing in Bristoll, 
<7//tT.r Appomattocke River," and "for the defence of the inhabitants on 
the south side of James River." In October, 1646, Necotowanee, who is 
officially styled "King of the Indians," and his people, are forbidden " to 
come in to hunt or make any abode nearer the English plantations than 
the lymits of Yapin, the Black Water, and from the head of the Black 
Water upon a straite line to the Old Monakin Towne." But upon any 
occasion of a message to the Governor, or for the purposes of trade, they 
were permitted " to repair to fforte Hentry, a//as Appomattocke fforte, or 
to the house of Capt. John ffloud (Flood), and to no other place or places 
on the south side of the river." From this limitation as to the intercour.se 
and trading operations of the Indians with the Colonists, and from the 
fact that in none of the statutes in effect at that date was this place men- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



tioiied as Peter's Point, it may safely be inferred that INIajcr Peter Jones 
(after whom Peter's Point and, subsequently, Petersburg were named) 
had not at that time established himself as a trader at or near the Falls of 
the Appomattox. In the same year (1646), by an Act of the House of 
Burgesses, this Fort, with six hundi;ed acres of land adjacent thereto, was 
granted unto Captain Abraham Wood, "whose service hath been employed 
at fforte Henery," and in 1653 a patent for 1,557 acres, in which was in- 




eluded the first grant of 600 acres, was issued to this same gentleman, who, 
in the meantime, had been promoted to the rank of Major. The fol- 
lowing is the full text of Major Wood's deed as it stands of record in 
the Land Office at Richmond : 

To all, etc. ^Whereas, etc. Now, know yee that I, the said Richard 
Bennett, Esq. etc. give and grant unto Major Abraham Wood, fifteen hun- 
dred, fifty-seven acres of land, lying at fforte Henery in the County of 
Charles City, and on the south side of Appomattocke River, bounded, viz: 



8 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

from a marked tree on the back of a little swamp on Appomattocke River ; 
south b}' east into the woods one hundred and sixty chaines, each chaine 
about two poles ; thence west by south on the heads two hundred sixty- 
three chaines ; and thence north by west on the river one hundred and 
sixty chaines ; and thence it runneih east by north down the river to the 
place we began, two hundred sixty-three chaines, including one thousand 
flfty-two acres ; and from thence it runneth north by west fifteen chaines ; 
thence west northwest along the river eleven chaines ; and thence west 
southwest twelve chaines along the poynt ; from thence it crosseth a part 
of Appomattocke River to the lower end of an island called fflea Island ; 
west thirteen chaines ; from thence it runneth upon a straite line by along 
the river to a poynt above the tenement of John Yonsors, including the 
islands and inlctts of waters, lands and rocks within the said line, being 
forty-nine acres and two roods and four hundred fifty-six acres and twen- 
ty-four pearch, the residue bounded, viz : South east by south into the 
woods eighty chaines, and thence on the heads southwestjby west one hun- 
dred and twenty chaines ; and thence northwest by north nine chaines, 
and from thence southwest by west seventy-eight chaines, and thence it 
runneth north one hundred and fourteen chaines to the head line of the 
one thousand fifty-two acres, including the said quantity of land ; the said 
land being due unto the said Major Abraham Wood as follows, viz : Six 
hundred acres, part hereof, being granted unto the said Major Abraham 
Wood by Order of Assembly bearing date the first of October, 1646, and 
nine hundred fifty-seven acres, the residue, by and for the transportation of 
twenty persons into this Colony, etc. To have and to hold, etc. Yielding 
and paying, etc. Which payment is to be made seven years after the first 
grant or sealing thereof, and not before. Provided, etc. Dated the 9th 
of June, 1653. 

AuGUSTiN Ellsbv, Henry Newcombe, 

Charles Magnorv, Will Marstone, 

Symin Cooper, Rich'd Lloyd, 

George Hill, John North, 

Thos. Lynnge, Ellin Parker, 

Daniel Lyres, Barbary Richardson, 

Richard Collins, Jonkin Leech, 

Edward Hayes, Thomas Ffield, 

Jane Pryse, Dobo. Eldridge, 
Chas. Ffeatherstone, John Joanes. 

But Abraham Wood was not the earliest settler at Fort Henry ; for, by 
the same Act under which the first six hundred acres of land were granted 
to him in 1646, it appears that the land on which the fort stood, together 
with part of the six hundred adjacent acres, had previously been owned 
by one Thomas Pitt, from whom it was purchased by the House of Bur- 
gesses for the purpose, evidently, of transferring it to Wood. Thomas 
Pitt may therefore be regarded as the first legal proprietor of the present 
City's site. 

This Major Abraham Wood was one of the most prominent persons in 
the Colony. He represented the County of Henrico in the House of Bur- 
gesses at the various sessions of that august body held at James City from 
October ist, 1644, to October 5th, 1646, and the County of Charles City 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



^y r 






s<^ 



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55 



2.-^ — 

5'=' — 




10 HISTORICAL AND IN'DUSTRIAI- 

from 1652 to 1654; and in 1656 he received the crowning honor of an ap- 
pointment as one of the "Governour's Councill." In 1656 he isalso found 
on the committee appointed to revise all the laws of the Colony, and in the 
same year was promoted to be Colonel of the regiment maintained jointly 
by the Counties of Henrico and Charles City. Subsequently he became 
one of the four Major Generals of the Colony. 

PETER JONES, 

whose memory is perpetuated in the City's name, is first heard of in 1675, 
when war was declared by Governor Berkeley against the Indians. Among 
the frontier forts to be garrisoned was the one near the Falls of the Appo- 
matto.x, at Major-General Wood's " or over against him at one ffort or de- 
fensible place at ffleet's, of which Major Peter Jones be captain or chief 
commander." He married the daughter of Major-General Abraham Wood, 
and opened an establishment for trading with the Indians at a point a short 
distance west of what is now the junction of Old and Sycamore Streets, on 
the spot where stood, until recently, the foundry erected and occupied by 
Uriah Wells. He was one of the four gentlemen who accompanied Colo- 
nel William Byrd, the second, of Westover, on his journey to his plantation 
on the Roanoke River, in North Carolina, called "The Land of Eden," in 
the year 1733. The other members of the party were Messrs. Banister, 
Mumford and Mayo — names still familiar among the gentry of Virginia. 
It was while still absent upon this journey that Col. Byrd wrote: (See 
JJ^esiovcr Manuscripts, page 107 ) "When we got home welaid the foun- 
dation of two large cities — one at Shocco's, to be called Richmond, and 
the other at the foot of the Appomattox River, to be called Petersburg. 
These Major Mayo offered to lay out into lots without fee or reward. The 
truth of it is, these places, being the uppermost landing of James and Ap- 
pomatto.x Rivers, are naturally intended for marts, where the traffic of the 
outer inhabitants must centre. Thus did we build not castlcrs only, but 
cities in the air." " Shocco's" was the property of Col. Wm. Byrd him- 
self, and the site of Petersburg, then called '• Peter's Point," belonged to 
Major Peter Jones, who, according to tradition, had derived it from his 
father-in-law, (ieneral Abraham Wood, and who must have been a man of 
character and influence, as Col. Byrd mentions him in his journal as his 
"old friend " as well as his " fellow traveller." At this time Peter Jones 
must have been "well stricken in years," and died shortly afterwards, leav- 
ing a son, Abraham Jones, who secured the first charter for the City of 
Petersburg in 174S. The infant City, as may be seen from the Act of In- 
corporation, was laid out entirely on the land of Abraham Jones, and the 
original corporation limits embraced only a narrow strip along the river, 
having its eastern boundary at the trading station on Old Street and ex- 
tending no further south than what is now known as Low Street. Abra- 
ham Jones married Miss Sarah Ravenscroft, and it was their son Peter 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. II 

Jones who was mentioned in the Act enlarging the boundaries of the City 
in 1762, which, after reciting the original incorporation of Petersburg, 
goes on to say, ''which place has since greatly increased and become a place 
of considerable trade ; and whereas Peter Jones, gentleman, hath laid off 
twenty-eight acres of his land, adjoining the said town, into lots and streets 
and hath disposed of several of the said lots, the purchasers whereof have 
petitioned the General Assembly that the same may be added to and made 
part of the said town," &c. In the year 1763 this same Peter Jones, the 
second, built the house on West Washington Street, now occupied by Mr. 
Wm. E. Hinton, of the firm of Hinton & Dunn, Bankers, of this City. 




RESIDENCE OF WM. E. HINTON, ESQ., WASHINGTON ST. 
IbUILT by peter JONES, THE SECOND, IN 1708 AND ONCE KNOWN AS "FOLLY CASTLE.") 

It was generally called " Folly Castle," because of the supposed extrava- 
gance of its childless owner in erecting so large a home. He died about 
1775, leaving all his town property to his niece, Sarah Newsum, (daughter 
of his sister Lucy Jones who married Benjamin Newsum), and all his 
country property, including " Stirling Castle," to another niece, Martha 
Newsum, who subsequently married John Verell. " Stirling Castle " was 
pulled down and brought into Petersburg by Mr. Ashton Johnson, who 
had it re-erected on High Street where it is now occupied as a residence 
by Mr. Wm. F. Spotswood. The Sarah Newsum who inherited " Folly 
Castle" married Capt. Erasmus Gill, an officer in the Revolutionary 



12 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

Army, and their daughter, Martha Newsum Gill, married John Hinton,. 
from whom the present family of that name, residents of Petersburg, and 
Judge John Hinton, of Missouri, are descended. 

But, returning for awhile to the year 1675, it will be found that at that 
period the country surrounding Fort Henry had already become the home 
of many substantial settlers. According to Bishop Meade, *• settlements 
were, from time to time, after 161 1, formed along the river up to the falls, 
where is now the town of Petersburg," and it is certain that the earliest 
records bear many a time-honored family name that also adorns the pages 
of our latest local directories. Among these may be mentioned such fa- 
miliar patronymics as Banister, Batte, Bland, Boiling, Byrd, Eppes, Hin- 
ton, Jones, and Meade. 

Among the most considerable people of the vicinity, even in these re- 
mote times, appear to have been the Boilings, whose descendants are still 
among the largest landed proprietors of the City, and whose family his- 
tory derives special interest from its connection with the romantic story 
of Pocahontas. Mr. Howison states that this amiable Princess, dying at 
Gravesend in 16 17, left a son, Thomas Rolfe, who came to Virginia and 
there died, leaving an only daughter, Jane Rolfe, who intermarried with 
Colonel Robert Boiling and became the mother of John Boiling, her only 
child, whose father (Colonel Robert Boiling) subsequently married Anne, 
daughter of John Stith, of Brunswick. The Petersburg Boilings of to- 
day derive their origin from this second marriage, while the descendants of 
John Boiling, only issue of the first marriage, are to be found scattered 
over the State under several honored names, for he became the father of 
Col. John Boiling and of five daughters who respectively married Richard 
Randolph, John Fleming, Dr. Wm. Gay, Thomas Eldridge and James 
Murray. 

It was from " Appomattocke " that Capt. Henry Batte departed with 
his band of fourteen Englishmen and as many Indians in 1674, by com- 
mand of Sir Wm. Berkeley, on the tour of western exploration which is 
supposed by Mr. Howison to have traversed the Alleghany range and 
to have penetrated as far as the great Kanawha region. 

That the country between the Falls of the Appomattox and the James- 
town Settlement was becoming occupied with reasonable speed is shown 
by the dates of the formation of the adjacent counties, that of Surry hav- 
ing been laid off as early as 1652, while Prince George was carved from 
Charles City County in 1702, and Dinwiddie from Prince George in 1752. 
The Parish of Bristol, extending from the junction of the James and Ap- 
pomattox Rivers, was established in 1642, with its Parish Church at Ber- 
muda Hundred, opposite City Point, the old settlement of Sir Thomas 
Dale. The next place of worship erected in the Parish was probably the 
Ferry Chapel, which was followed in 1737 or 1738 by Blandford Church. 
But this is anticipating, and it is necessary to return for a brief space to- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



the c-vev.ts connected with " Bacon's Rebellion,'' and the Indian hostilities 
of i675-''J. ^^ 1675, war was declared by Governor Berkeley against the 
Indians, who still dwelt in large numbers, and with some show of perma- 
nent establishment, around the Appomattox Falls. Five hundred mei^ 




CITY HALL AXD CLERK S OFFICE. 



were ordered to the frontier and eight forts were to be garrisoned. Among 
these, as we have seen, was Fort Henry, of which Major Peter Jones, of 
sacred memory, was appointed chief commander. The war flagged, as is 
known, and it was not till the following year (1676) that the Indians 



14 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAI. 

round Fort Henry suffered a real and heavy blow. This they received at 
the hands of Nathaniel Bacon, distinguished as the first Virginia " rebel, " 
who had taken the field and begun a determined warfare upon the whole 
race. After sending Bland on his ill-fated expedition to Accomac, Bacon 
crossed the James River at his own plantation (Curie's) and surprised the 
Appomattox tribe of Indians, burning their town, killing many of their 
number and dispersing the rest. Passing to the south, General Bacon de- 
stroyed many Indian towns and lodges on the banks of the Meherrin, Not- 
toway and Roanoke Rivers. His name at that time inspired great terror 
among the redskins, who had lately been stimulated to unusual audacity 
and atrocity by the feeble proceedings of (Governor Berkeley. But Bacon 
was not to see the results of his vigorous measures, for he died the same 
year in (ioochland, leaving Drummond, Hansford, and others of his fol- 
lowers, to pay upon the scaffold the penalty of their singular " rebellion." 

Nothing of special importance appears to have occurred in this neigh- 
borhood, for many years immediately following the events last recorded. 
Peace and progress rewarded the efforts of the Colonists, and the settle- 
ment grew and flourished. In the year 1728, Col. Byrd stopped a night 
at the residence of Col. Boiling, and heard the Falls, " which," he says, 
" are very noisy whenever a flood happens to roll a greater stream than 
ordinary over the rocks" ; thus giving us a pleasing glimpse of the natu- 
ral resources of water-power which are yet, and for all time, to constitute 
a material element of the city's wealth and prosperity. Reference has al- 
ready been made to the birth of the city in 1 733, when Col. Wm. Byrd 
and his travelling companions " iaid the foundations" of Richmond and 
Petersburg. In October, 1748, while Gooch. was Governor of Virginia, 
the towns of Petersburg and Blandford were established by an Act of the 
General Assembly, upon lands owned and laid out by Abraham Jones and 
William Poythress, respectively, and in 1752, Pocahontas, in the County 
of Chesterfield, was similarly established. The Acts by which these towns 
were created very wisely prohibited the building of wooden chimneys 
within their corporate limits. The directors and trustees of the young 
town of Pocahontas were John Boiling, Richard Eppes, Clement Reade, 
Augustine Claiborne, William Kennon, John Archer, Richard Royal, 
Robert Kennon, and Roger Atkinson, gentlemen. The reader who is ac- 
quainted with the present population of the City will not fail to note the 
familiarity of these names. These gentlemen, however, could hardly have 
•consulted the oracles as to the future of their infant enterprise, for Poca- 
hiontas has never yet developed into a metropolis. 

The first mention of Dinwiddle County in the Colonial Statute-book 
bears date May, 1752. Five years later (1757) Blandford Lodge, A. F. 
and A. M. was chartered by the Grand Lodge of Scotland. The General 
Assembly in 1762 enlarged the boundaries of the town of Petersburg and 
gave explicit directions for the improvement of the added area, appointing 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURC, VA. 15 

the following trustees to carry out the provisions of the Act : Robert 
Boiling, Roger Atkinson, William Eaton, John Banister, Robert Ruffin, 
Thomas Jones, Henry Walker, George Turnbull, and James Field. It was 
a part of the ofificial duty of these gentlemen " to regulate the streets of 
the said town," but the irregularities still observable in the older thor- 
oughfares would seem to indicate a considerable obliquity of vision among 




ST. PAUL'S (p. E.) CHURCH, UNION STREET. 

them. At this period the City seems to have been threatened with the fate 
of Cincinnati, for in three separate places does the Statute-book provide 
for the summary destruction of the peripatetic hog. 

PETERSBURG IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 

The student of American history need not be told that after the action 
at Great Bridge, neir Norfolk, on the 9^1^ oi December, 1775, and the 



l6 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

flight of Diinmore from Virginia, to which he never returned, the Colony 
enjoyed an absolute immunity from the British armies until the last years 
of the War of Independence. This immunity was first broken in 1779, when 
a British fleet, commanded by Admiral Sir George Collier, entered Hamp- 
ton Roads and sailed up the Elizabeth River. This expedition, however 
«Iid not penetrate as far as Petersburg, but, after pillaging Portsmouth 
and destroying Suffolk, returned to New York. A more severe trial befell 
Virginia the next year, when a strong force under the command of the 
traitor Benedict Arnold was dispatched from New York to reduce the re- 
bellious Colony. Arnold, with his army of 800 men, proceeded up the 
James River as far as Burwell's Ferry, where he left a frigate and contin- 
ued the ascent to Westover and thence advanced upon Richmond. Up- 
to the time of his departure from Westover it was not known to Governor 
Jefferson whether Petersburg or Richmond would be the objective point 
of the invasion. A general alarm was sounded, but Arnold's movements 
had been so sudden and the panic so complete that the invaders met with 
but feeble opposition, and the colonial force which responded to the Gov- 
ernor's summons was not only small but also undisciplined and demoral- 
ized. Mr. Jefferson's talents were better suited to times of peace than to- 
moments of emergency and danger like the present, so, after throwing his. 
cannon into the James River, he fled precipitately, leaving the Capital at 
the mercy of the enemy. After destroying the public stores together 
with much private property, and sending his energetic lieutenant, Simcoe, 
on a similar mission to Westham, Arnold retired leisurely down the river 
to rejoin his shipping. 

A gallant demonstration on the part of the garrison of Petersburg dur- 
ing this campaign deserves mention. On the retreat of Arnold, some of 
the vessels of his fleet ventured up the Appomattox to a place known as 
Broadway, nine miles below Petersburg, where they were fiercely attacked 
by General Smalhvood with three hundred militia, and driven back 
to City Point. "Not content with this success," says Mr. Howison 
" Smalhvood brought up two four-pounders and opened upon the ships at 
the Point ; a fire which drove them down the river to join the main fleet '' 
The universal demoralization which followed this bold movement of 
Arnold's need not be dwelt upon here. The situation was neither hopeful 
nor creditable, and the outlook for next year's campaign, in which Peters 
burg was to be more directly interested, was far from encouraging. 

FREDERICK WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, BARON DE STEUBEN, 
Major-General in the United States Army, and Inspector-General was at 
this time in command of the forces at Petersburg. He had been a' soldier 
in the army of Frederick the Great, and served as an aide on the Kind's 
own staff. He was also a Canon of the Church. Refusing brilliant offL 
made h.m by the King of Sardinia and the Emperor of Austria this brave 






GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



17 



soldier set sail for America and joined the Continental Army at Valley 
Forge, as a volunteer, and as such participated in the battle of Monmouth. 
He was a veteran disciplinarian and tactician, and was possessed also of 
the higher qualities and accomplishments of his profession. The Baron 
seems to have been detained at Petersburg while on his way to the South 
to join the army under General Greene, and it was reserved for him to 
defend the City in gallant style against the invading forces of Arnold and 
Phillips in the following April. 

' On the 20th of January, 1781, Arnold reached Portsmouth in safety, 
although Governor Jefferson had offered a reward of five thousand guineas 
for his head, and was reinforced on the 26th of March, following, by 
■General William Phillips, at the head of 2,000 men. General Phillips as- 
sumed command of the troops thus united, superseding Arnold, to the 



r 



^limMi 



>wm 





PETERSBURG HARBOR AND POCAHONTAS BRIDGE. 

great satisfaction of the soldiers, by whom the traitor was cordially des- 
pised. 

On the 24th of April, 1781, the British forces, numbering 2,300 men, 
landed at City Point, and marched to Petersburg the next day. Baron 
Steuben, with only one thousand militia-men at his back, prepared to re- 
ceive the invaders. He took up his position near Old Blandford Church 
and calmly awaited the enemy's appearance. The Royal force arrived in 
sight at noon on the 25th and formed its line, the left flank extending 
apon-the plain near the^town. At 2 o'clock the advance was made in two 
columns, and' the brunt of the first onset was borne by a detachment of 
militia posted on the heights just beyond Blandford, under the command 
of Colonel Dick and Captain House, of Brunswick. This body behaved 
•with great gallantry and disputed the ground inch by inch, performing 



I» HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL f 

their manteuvres with remarkable steadiness while under fire. "'The ene- 
my," says Mr. Campbell, "were twice broken and ran like sheep, and 
during two hours advanced but one mile." The main body of the Ameri- 
cans posted at the Bollingbrook Warehouse, (about 200 yards east of the 
Norfolk (^c Western Passenger Depot of today), were finally flanked by 
four pieces of artillery, supported by a party of " Yagers," and compelled 
to retire across the river. The retreat of the Virginians was covered by 
some cannon which Steuben had posted on Archer's Hill, on the north 
bank of the Appomattox. From Baker's and Archer's Hills the Baron re- 
tired, with his arms, baggage and stores, to Chesterfield Courthouse, ten 
miles di-stant. Phillips, accompanied by Arnold, entered and took posses- 
sion of Petersburg, making his headquarters at Bollingbrook, the seat of 
the Boiling family, on East Hill. The loss of the Virginians, killed, 
wounded and captured, was estimated at sixty men ; that of the British at 
about the same number, including fourteen killed. -As the conquerors 
entered the town a large portion of the inhabitants made their escape. 
General Phillips and the officers of his staff are said to have treated with 
a good deal of courtesy their hostess, Mrs. Boiling, whom they always 
addressed as " Lady Boiling." Arnold is described as "a handsome man, 
who limped in his gait from a wound received at Saratoga. He was fond 
of caressing children and dandling them on his knee." 

The next day (April 26th) four thousand hogsheads of tobacco and the 
shipping in the river were burned, and these outrages were followed by 
many others of a similar character at Chesterfield Courthouse, Warwick, 
Osborne's and Manchester, including the wanton destruction of many 
dwellings. On arriving at Manchester, the British General learned that 
the Marquis de la Fayette, who had been assigned to the responsible duty 
of defending Virginia, was in command at Richmond with a small body 
of Continental troops, and that the militia were flocking to his standard 
in large numbers. This unwelcome news caused Phillips to change his 
plans entirely. He abandoned all thought of attacking the Capital, and 
marched away to Bermuda Hundred, burning mills, factories and shipping 
as he went. He there re-embarked his force and set sail down the James, 
but was met at Hog Island by dispatches ordering his return to Peters- 
burg, there to await Lord Cornwallis, who was on his march from the 
South. The British army reappeared at Petersburg so unexpectedly that 
they surprised and captured ten Continental officers, who were engaged in 
collecting boats to convey La Fayette across the Appomattox. The Mar- 
quis had not sufficient force at his command to prevent the junction of 
Phillips with Cornwallis, but before the latter's arrival appeared on the 
heights north of the town and opened fire with his artillery upon the in- 
vaders' headquarters. Phillips lay sick at Bollingbrook under this can- 
nonade, bitterly complaining that the rebels would not suffer him to die 
in peace. The fire was so heavy that it was deemed necessary to remove 



CUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



19. 



him to the cellar of the house, where, however, he did not die during the 
bombardment, as was once believed. It appears that La Fayette did not 
know of the General's illness, but fired at headquarters, which he knew ta 
be established at the Boiling mansion, in retaliation for the outrages 
which Phillips and Arnold had recently committed. General Phillips died 
on the 13th of May, and was buried in the southeast angle of the old and 
inner enclosure at Blandford. There, beneath a heavy shroud of ivy, re- 
poses one whom Jefferson described as " the proudest man of the proud- 
est nation on earth." 

One week after the death of Phillips (May 20th, 1781,) Cornwallis en- 
tered Petersburg, and after remaining there three or four days, crossed the 



m.^- 




CONFLUENCE OF THE APPOMATTOX AND JAI\IES RIVERS, AT CITY POINT.. 

James River at Westover, expecting to entrap and capture La Fayette and 
his force,niaving already written to his Government from Petersburg, "the 
boy cannot now escape me." How the wary young Frenchman succeeded 
in eluding the snares of the British commander and effecting his masterly- 
retreat does not relate to Petersburg's part in the Revolution, which ceased 
with the departure of Cornwallis. 

Local pride would perhaps be gratified if it could be stated that the real 
reason of his Lordship's hasty retirement from this vicinity was that he 
feared the enervating effects upon his war-worn veterans of a longer resi- 
dence in so charming a spot, which he feared might become his Capua^ 



2 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

'but, unfortunately for patriotic prejudices, history has dechned to pay 
the town this compliment, and has assigned other and more i)0sitive mo- 
tives for the British movement, as stated above. 

INCORPORATED. 

The town, which had been "established" in 174S, and enlarged in 
1762, was formally incorporated in 17S4, and with it the adjacent settle- 
ments of Blandford, Pocahontas and Ravenscroft. The last named district 
included that triangular portion of the ancient town which lay between 
.'S)^camore, Halifax and Shore Streets, The system of government pro-' 
vided for by the new charter was characterized by its practical simplicity. 
Once a year on the first Wednesday in September, the freeholders, house- 
keepers, and inhabitants of the town possessing property of whatever kind 
-amounting to the value of fifty ponnds, were to meet at the house of Wm, 
Durrell, or other suitable place, to elect by ballot twelve fit and able men, 
■who on the same or the second day thereafter were to organize the muni- 
cipal administration, consisting of a mayor, recorder, four aldermen and 
six common councilmen, whose term of official service was fixed at one 
year, subject to re-election. The usual powers and privileges were con- 
ferred upon this body with authority to establish laws and ordinances from 
time to time for the better ordering of the inhabitants of the town. A 
Court of Hustings was ordered to be held on the first Wednesday of each 
month. This appears to have been the prototype of the modern Corpo- 
ration Court, except that the jurisdiction of the magistrates did not ex- 
tend to penal cases, unless for breach of the municipal laws, when the pen- 
alty involved did not exceed ^10 sterling or 10,000 pounds of crop tobac- 
co. It is of early record, (1785), that this Court imposed a fine of forty 
shillings upon one Jacob Shafer for selling liquor on the Sabbath to 
"divers negroe slaves." In the same year the Court decreed that the 
" ordinaries," as the inns of that period were called, should serve the 
public at the following rates : Beefsteak, 18 pence; dinner and toddy, 3 
shillings; lodging for the night, 8 pence; grog or toddy by the quart, 15 
pence ; corn or oats, per gallon, i shilling ; fodder per bundle, till 
April next, 1% pence ; stabling, per night, 8 pence ; punch per quart, 

2 shillings ; madeira wine, per bottle, 5 shillings ; claret, 3 shillings ; port, 

3 shillings ; the same for Lisbon wine, and 2 shillings for beer, ale or 
porter. 

In January, 17S6, the Council respectfully rejected an application made 
by the Governor, Patrick Henry, for the accommodation of a number of 
penitentiary convicts in the city jail. The mayor's letter thanks the Gov- 
ernor for his " polite attention to the corporation," but "at the same time 
informs him that they do not choose to take charge of any criminals con- 
•deraned to servitude." 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



In 178S the nucleus of a fire department was formed by the organiza- 
tion of the Old Street Fire Company. One year later the Virginia Ga- 
zette and Petersburg Intelligencer made its appearance, with William Pren- 
tis, the pioneer of Petersburg journalism, as editor. ' 

GENERAL WASHINGTON'S VISIT. 
On the 14th of April, 1791, General George Washington, then serving 
his first term as President of the United States, arrived in Petersburg 




while making a tour through the South. He was met at Osborne's, in 
Chesterfield County, by a detachment of the local cavalry and escorted by 
them to the town. Elaborate preparations had been made for the suitable 
reception and entertainment of this distinguished guest. Triumphal 
arches were erected and a grand public banquet was provided by order of 
the Common Hall. There was an address by the Mayor, Richard Bate, 
in which the All-Wise Director of human events was prayed "to prolong- 
the life of the Father of his Country and friend of mankind to a far dis- 



22 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

tant period." In his reply the President said : " The Government of the 
United States, originating in the wisdom, supported by the virtue, and hav- 
ing no other object than the happiness of the people, reposes not on the 
exertions of an individual ; yet, as far as integrity of intention may jus- 
tify the belief, my agency in the administration will be consonant to your 
favorable opinions, and my private wishes will always be preferred for the 
prosperity of Petersburg and the particular welfare of its inhabitants." 
An illumination, which formed a part of the programme for that night, 
was omitted for fear of fire. The following resolution, adopted by the 
Common Hall with reference to the banquet, is worthy of notice as illus- 
trating that the councilmen of that day, even amid the excitement of the 
festival preparations, kept a sharp eye on the municipal expense account ; 
" No gentleman is to invite more than two gentlemen to dine on Friday, 
and is (sic) to pay for the gentlemen they may invite." 

It was reserved, however, for Petersburg's special humiliation through 
all the time to come, that during this visit the hero of the "Cherry Tree 
Legend " should have departed, for the only recorded time in his other- 
wise spotless history, from the narrow and lonely path of uncompro- 
mising veracity. In referring to this deplorable event, in the Mozmt Ver- 
fion Papers, Mr. Everett pathetically sa5's : " The President started from 
Petersburg practicing a little artifice as to the time of his departure — of 
which I recollect no other instance in his whole career — and which, in- 
volving no departure from the strictest truth, and resorted to for the best 
of reasons, will not be blamed." The painful story can best be told in the 
illustrious backslider's own words, taken from his diary, which are as 
follows : 

" Friday, \%th. — Having suffered very much by the dust yesterday, and 
finding that parties of horse and a number of other gentlemen were in- 
tending to attend me part of the way to-day, I caused their enquiries re- 
specting the time of my setting out to be answered that I should endeavor 
to do it before 8 o'clock, but did it a little after 5, by which means I 
avoided the inconvenience above mentioned." 

The President's impression of the town will also prove interesting. He 
says : " Petersburg, which is said to contain near 3,000 souls, is well sit- 
uated for trade at present ; but when the James River navigation is com- 
pleated, and the cut from Elizabeth River to Pasquotank is effected, it 
must decline, and that very considerably. At present it receives at the 
inspections nearly a third of the tobacco exported from the whole State, 
besides a considerable quantity of wheat and flour — much of the former 
being manufactured at the miHs near the town. Chief of the buildings 
in this town are under the hill, and unpleasantly situated ; but the heights 
around it are agreeable." 

From this it will be seen that Washington was by no means an infalli- 
ble prophet, for neither did the population of Petersburg fall off, nor was 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



23 



his beloved scheme of James River navigation ever "compleated." 

At the time of Washington's visit, Winfield Scott, one of the four in- 
dividuals who were to succeed to his title of Lieutenant-General, was a 
child of five years, living in Dinwiddle County, within a few miles of Pe- 
tersburg. 

The cause of education was dear to the former citizens of Petersburg, 
as it is to her inhabitants of to-day. In December, 1794, was founded a 
classical school which enjoyed the dignity of being incorporated and 
dubbed ''The Academy." This institution ranked among the first of 
its kind, and quickly established itself in the confidence of the State at 
large. Its legitimate successors are to be found in the excellent semina- 
ries for which the modern City is justly famous. 

Towards the close of the year 1795 the General Assembly adopted an 
Act " to amend the amendments passed for opening and extending the 




THE OLD MARKET HOUSE. 



navigation of the Appomattox River from Bannister's Mills as far as prac- 
ticable." This legislation led to the incorporation of the Upper Appo- 
mattox Company, which forms the subject of a separate article at the 
conclusion of this sketch. Between the date of its establishment as a 
navigable stream and the opening of the Southside Railroad, the Upper 
Appomattox Canal was a most useful highway of trade, and the greater 
part of the tobacco and wheat which found its way to our market came 
across the levees at the head of High Street. 

On the 1 2th of April, 1800, the good — perhaps it would be more correct 
to say the <^a^— people of the town were very much startled and dis- 
turbed by the mysterious falling from the sky, in considerable quantities, 
of a yellow powder resembling brimstone. Moral accounts were hastily 
balanced in nervous anticipation of some ghastly issue, but as nothing 
unusual followed, the phenomenon was soon forgotten and its supposed 



24 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

warning disregarded. At this time the population of Petersburg was 
estimated at 3,4go — 1,500 white and 1,900 colored. 

At the beginning of this century the Petersburgers appear to have been 
magnanimously impartial in their reception and treatment of public men, 
for Aaron Burr, at the expiration of his Vice-Pre?idential term, and when 
he was practically ostracised by the nation on account of his duel with 
Hamilton, was given a grand public bancjuet, a*; he passed thi'ough the 
town on his way to the Southwest, where he was soon afterwards engaged 
in schemes of treason. 

Blandford was then the most important portion of the town, and car- 
ried on a large export and import trade direct with the Old World. 
Among its principal enterprises was the nail factory of Roderick Haffey, 
the first one established in this section of the country. The hegira of its 
inhabitants across the valley to Petersburg was begun in 1802, the pres- 
ent City having by that time outgrown the sister corporations of Bland- 
ford and Pocahontas, which thenceforth maintained the more modest re- 
lation of suburbs to their successful rival. Old Blandford Church was 
not used as a place of worship after 1803, from which date it rapidly went 
to decay. The familiar lines commencing : 

"Thou art crumbling to the dust, old pile," * 
addressed to the ancient building, have been ascribed to the pens of sev- 
eral more or less distinguished authors and poets, but the preponderance 
of testimony favors the popular theory that they were composed by the 
Irish tragedian, Tyrone Power, who spent a few days here immediately 
before the lines were discovered, written in pencil upon the dilapidated 
wall. 

The Petersburg Bar was very brilliant at this period, and numbered 
among its ornaments " Lawyer Davy Robertson," John Allison, Thomas 
Boiling Robertson, Winfield Scott, " Jack Baker," George Keith Taylor, 
Benjamin Watkins Leigh, J. A. Dunn, William Rose, and R. T. Birchett, 
all talented men, the last named of whom was accidentally drowned in 
Maryland while still very young. 

*The following verses were found written on the wall of the old Church in 1841, with 
no positive clue to their authorship : 

Thou art crumbling to the dust, old pile. How doth ambition's hope take wing, 

Thou art hastening to thy fall, How droops the spirit now ! 

And "round thee in thy loneliness We hear the distant city's din ; 

Clings the ivy to thy wall. The dead are mute below. 

The worshippers are scattered now The sun that shone upon their paths 

Who knelt before thy shrine, Now gilds their lonely graves ; 

And silence reigns where anthems rose . The zephyr which once fanned their brows 

In days of " Auld Lang Syne." The grass above them waves. 

And sadly sighs the wandering wind O ! could we call the many back 
Where oft, in years gone by, Who"ve gathered here in vain,— 

Prayers rose from many heaits to Him, Who've careless roved where we do now. 
The Highest of the High ; Who'll never meet again : 

The tramp of many a busy foot How would our very souls be stirred, 
That sought thy aisles, is o'er, To meet the earnest gaze 



And many a weary heart around Of the lovely and the beautiful 

Is still for evermore. The lights of other days I 



A Stranger. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 25 

Two local dramatists also flourished about this time, John D. Burk, his- 
torian and lawyer, who beguiled his leisure hours by writing a drama en- 
titled "Bethlehem Gebo," and Everard Hale, of Blandford, who was in- 
spired to the production of '• Nolens Volens ; or the Biter Bit." These 
effusions were performed on the stage of the Petersburg Theatre by the 
•" Thespians," an amateur dramatic association. 

THE BURK-COQUEBEKT DUEL. 

In April, 1808, occurred one of the most tragic episodes in the history 
of the City. It resulted in the death, under "the Code," of John Daly 
Burk at the hands of a young Frenchman named Felix Coquebert, whose 
fatal bullet cut short a career which would furnish tempting material for 




RESIDENCE OF GEORGE CAMERON ESQ., SOUTH SYCAMORE STREET. 

a novelist. While an undergraduate of Trinity College, Dublin, Burk 
had been obliged to fly for his life on account of his obnoxious political 
opinions and his foolhardy attempt to rescue a prisoner who was about to 
be executed under sentence of a court-martial. He landed in Boston in 
1796 and made an unsuccessful venture there as a journalist, after which 
he removed to Virginia and settled in Petersburg. Here he embarked 
upon a semi-political and literary career, and his famous History of Vir- 
ginia was abruptly closed at the account of the Revolution by his sad 
death. His slayer, Coquebert, had been for many years a resident of the 
town, where his polished grace of manner and gentlemanly bearing had 
■earned for him a high place in popular favor. On Saturday, April 9th, 



26 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

Burk and the young Frenchman were dining together at Powell's, the 
fashionable tavern of the day. The conversation turned upon European 
politics, and Burk vigorously denounced the French Government for its 
insolence in dealing with his adopted country. 

"What will cavillers against the Administration say now ?" he exclaim- 
ed, " What will they say to the letter of General Armstrong in answer to 
the arrogant note of Mons. Champagny ? I am in hopes that when they 
read the honest, manly and luminous remarks of an American citizen, in 
repudiation of the pretentions of the French rascals, they will have hon- 
esty and modesty enough to withdraw their accusations and be silent, for 
the French area nation of scoundrels." 

Coquebert enquired whether these observations were intended to apply 
to him, and was haughtily informed that as he had chosen to intrude upon 
the conversation, he might take the above remarks as he pleased. In 
eighteen hundred and eight, there could be but one sequel to such an al- 
tercation in Virginia. On the following day Coquebert sent a challenge, 
which was promptly accepted by the hot-blooded Irishman. They fought 
at sunrise on the ensuing Monday in a ravine near Fleet's Hill, which 
now forms a portion of the Normal School grounds. The seconds were 
Richard Thweatt for Burk, and a Mr. McNae for Coquebert. The 
weapons chosen were regulation duelling pistols, and the distance ten 
paces. At the first fire Burk fell dead, shot through the heart. Coque- 
bert and McNae fled from Petersburg, where they were never seen again. 
Burk's funeral was the occasion of one of the largest civic and military 
processions the town had ever witnessed. He was buried at Cedar Grove, 
near Mount Airy. 

Another noteworthy'duel had been fought near Petersburg in Novem- 
ber, 1795, between John Jeffreys and a gentleman named Johnson, in 
which the former was killed. 

THE WAR OF 1812. 

Nothing of general interest again occurs in the history of the town 
until the breaking out of the war with Great Britain, when Petersburg 
was called upon to^furnish her quota of troops for the invasion of Cana- 
da. On October 12th, 1812, the "Petersburg Volunteers," one hundred 
and three strong, were organized, with the following commissioned and 
non-commissioned officers : Richard McRae, captain ; William Tisdale 
and Henry Gary, lieutenants ; Shirley Tisdale, ensign ; James Stevens, 
Robert B. Cook, Samuel Stevens and John Henderson, sergeants ; and 
N. B. Spotswood, John Perry, Joseph Scott, Thomas G. Scott, Joseph C. 
Noble and G. T. Clough, corporals. Before starting for the front, the 
corps was presented with a handsome stand of colors by the ladies of 
the town. This command served under General (afterwards President) 
William H. Harrison, and received its baptism of fire on May 5th, 181 3,. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



27 



at the battle of Fort Meigs, where five of the brave fellows were slain. 
The part borne by the City in this war was conspicuous and honorable, 
and earned for her the proud title of the Cockade City, — a soubriquet 
which she still nobly justifies — conferred by President Madison himself. 
The following testimonial from the Commander-in-Chief will always be 
read by our citizens with pride and interest : 




TABB STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AND MANSE. 

Headquarters, Detroit, 17th October, 1813. 
General Orders. 

The term of service for which the Petersburg Volunteers engaged hav- 
ing expired, they are permitted to commence their march to Virginia as 
soon as they can be transported to the south side of the lake. 

In granting a discharge to this patriotic and gallant corps, the general 
feels at a loss for words adequate to convey his sense of their exalted 
merits. Almost exclusively composed of individuals who had been nursed 
in the lap of ease, they have for twelve months borne the hardships and 
privations of military life in the midst of an inhospitable wilderness, with 
a cheerfulness and alacrity which has never been surpassed. Their con- 
duct in the field has been excelled by no other corps ; and while in camp 



28 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

they have set an example of subordination and respect for military au- 
thority to the whole army. The General requests Captain McRae, his 
subalterns, non-commissioned officers and privates to accept his warmest 
thanks, and bids them an affectionate farewell. 

By command ' Roisert Butler, 

Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. 

Captain McRae died in Ma}-, 1854, under unfortunate and suspicious 
circumstances. His body was found in the Potomac River, near the 
mouth of Aquia Creek, with wounds about the head, which suggested 
violence. His remains were brought to Petersburg and interred with 
military honors in Blandford Cemetery, where a granite shaft, surmount- 
ed by a bronze eagle, and inscribed with his company's glorious record, 
marks his last resting place. The mystery of his death was never clear- 
ed up. 

Mr. Reuben Clements, the last survivor of the gallant band who fought 
at Fort Meigs, died in Petersburg on the 6th of October, 1881, at the ad- 
vanced age of 90 years. 

THE GREAT FIRE. 

The history of Petersburg, like that of nearly every American town, 
furnishes the record of a great conflagration. On July i6th, 1815, an old 
wooden stable, between Bollingbrook and Back (now Lombard) Streets, 
was found to be on fire, and a few hours later two-thirds of the town was 
reduced to ashes. From Back Street to the river the flames had swept 
everything before them, including the west side of Sycamore Street. Five 
hundred houses were destroyed and not a dozen substantial business build- 
ings were left standing. The loss was estimated at nearly $3,000,000, 
and several human lives were .sacrificed. After the fire the citizens acted 
with admirable spirit, and an appeal to the other towns of the Common- 
wealth and the country at large, on behalf of the homeless sufferers, met 
with a generous response. Rebuilding was promptly begun, and a much 
improved Petersburg speedily arose from the debris under the busy hands 
of a thousand workmen. The streets in several instances were straight- 
ened and paved, the new houses were constructed of more substantial and 
less combustible material, and the citizens were shortly enabled to recog- 
nize in what they had at first regarded as a dire disaster, something nearly 
akin to a smoke-veiled blessing. 

THE ANDERSON SEMINARY. 

In 1819 there died in Petersburg a worthy Scotchman named David 
Anderson, who had bequeathed to the town, by his will, dated June i6th, 
181 2, a sum of money, the income of which, amounting to abont $600, 
was to he applied to the rudimentary education of the poor children of 
the town. To tiiis annuity was added 6!2oo, obtained by the City from the 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 



29 



Literar}^ Fund each year. Under the present common school system the 
largest seminary^in the City still bears the name of the generous Scot who 
first promoted the cause of learning among the poor of Petersburg. 

THE ADAMS-BOISSEAU DUEL. 

In 1820 the City's annals are darkened for the third time by the record 
of a hostile meeting, having a fatal termination, under the barbarous and 




now, fortunately, almost obsolete " Code of Honor." On this occasion 
two of the most energetic and thrifty business men in the community, 
Adams and Boisseau by name, were lival claimants for the affections of 
JMiss Helen Pennington, a famous beauty and the acknoAvledged belle of 
her day. The immediate cause of the challenge was an assault made by 
Boisseau upon Adams with a whip, but the reason for this assault has 
never been exulained. The rivals, as was usual in such cases, referred 



30 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



their quarrel to the arbitrament of an ounce of lead, and, for once " sat- 
isfaction " was meted out to both appellants with grim impartiality. Adams 
at the time of the attack was in feeble health, and as his assailant was as- 
sisted by a friend named Strong, his punishment was severe. He swore, 
however, to be revenged or die in the attempt. His challenge was at once 
accepted by Boisseau, and the meeting took place in due course. A shel- 
tered spot in the rear of Blandford Church had been selected, and thither 
the duellists proceeded in carriages, accompanied by their seconds, and 
followed at a distance by Boisseau 's aged father. Agreeablv to the deadly 
purpose of the combatants, the usual ten paces were reduced to seven, and 
the principals were placed back to back. At the word " fire," Adams 
wheeled and shot his antagonist through the body, and the latter, although 
mortally stricken, succeeded in discharging his pistol and inflicting a fatal 
wound upon his rival. After this effort Boisseau fell dead, and Adams ex- 
pired on the following morning — and thus it happened that the fair Helen 
lost both her lovers by one cruel blow. This tragic affair caused the most 
intense excitement, and the seconds, against whom the popular wrath was 
directed, only saved themselves from summary vengeance by a hasty flight 
into North Carolina. 

LA FAYETTE'S VISIT. 

The most notable event of the year 1824 was the visit of the Marquis 
de La Fayette. In consequence of the conspicuous part he had played in 
the history of the town during the Revolution, the Marquis had always 
been an object of affectionate interest to its inhabitants, and the reception 
accorded "the hero of two worlds" was a perfect ovation. A troop 
of horse met him far beyond the corporation limits and his arrival was at- 
tended with all the "pomp and circumstance" of a triumphal entry. 
The evidences of happiness and prosperity which now met him on all 
sides must have contrasted vividly with the recollections of his former visit, 
when he had overlooked the conquered town from behind the trunnions of 
his field pieces, planted on the heights of Chesterfield. Some such retro- 
spect now engaged the veteran's mind, for, in replying to ihe Mayor's ad- 
dress of welcome, he said: "I have had in former times to lament the 
necessity, in the course of military operations, to disturb the repose of the 
good town of Petersburg while it had become a British headquarter, but 
in this very circumstance found new opportunities to witness her patriot- 
ism." After being formally presented to the Common Hall, the Marquis, 
and his suite were entertained at a magnificent banquet, and Niblo's tavern 
resounded until a late hour with eloquent and enthusiastic orations in praise' 
of " our honored guest." Next day the Marquis was escorted to the Pop- 
lar Lawn, where four hundred children of Anderson School chanted their 
welcome. After receiving this graceful tribute of love and veneration, the- 
noble Frenchman bade our town a last farewell and pursued his journey — 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



3^ 



"a. man," in the language of a local reporter, "than whom his superior 
does not dwell beneath the vaulted roof of Heaven." A fatal quarrel on 
the day of La Fayette's reception, during which Raleigh Rosser was 
killed by Robert Finn, disturbed to some extent the harmony of the re- 
joicings, Finn eventually escaped the gallows, thanks to a flaw in his in-- 
dlctment. 

THE FIRE OF 1826. 

On the 15th of July in this year a vast throng of worshippers assem- 
bled i:\ Old Blandford Church to do honor to the memory of Thomas 
Jefferson, who had died eleven days previously. The venerable " Par- 
son " Andrew Syme, Rector of St. Paul's, had just ascended the pulpit. 




BOLLINGBROOK HOTEL ; M. A. PETTIT, PROPRIETOR. 

and given out a hymn when the fire-bells of the town sounded the alarm.. 
The congregation, which, including the military, numbered about two- 
thousand, rushed panic-stricken from the sacred edifice. By a curious 
and suggestive coincidence, this was the anniversary of the conflagration 
of i8i5,and the horrors of that time seemed about to be repeated. The 
fire had broken out in the same quarter as before, but as the later bui Id- 
ings were of brick, the flames did not make such rapid headway, and after 
several houses in the line of the fire had been blown up with gunpowder, 
— the most efl"ective extinguisher known at that time, before the powerful 
modern steam fire-engines were invented — the career of the destructive- 



32 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

element was checked, and the commemoration services, which had been 
!nterriii)ted at Hlandford, were concluded at the theatre. 

THE MFXHANICS" ASSOCIATION. 

On the evening preceding La Kayette's visit, the representative me- 
•chanics of the town met at the shop of M. I). I'Anson, on Bank Street, 
for the purpose of uniting upon some plan to testify their apj)reciation of 
the distinguished visitor's presence, but when the news came that he would 
arrive on the morrow, the design was abandoned for want of time to com- 
plete the necessary arrangements. The meeting, however, was not with- 
out its useful and permanent results, for it led to the organization of a 
mutual improvement society, which was duly incorporated on February 
and, 1S26, under the name and style of the Petersburg Benevolent Me- 
chanic Association. For the past sixty years this most excellent confra- 
ternity has exercised a useful and beneficent influence upon the commu- 
nity, and a brief sketch of its origin, objects and attainments will be given 
hereafter under a separate heading. 

THE PETERSBURC. RAILROAD COMPANY, 

-one of the earliest corporations of its kind in the country, secured its 
-charter on February loth, 1S30. For the purposes of the present narra- 
tive and to avoid a hiatus in the ch'ronological arrangement of events, it 
is sufficient to merely record here the fact of the Company's incorpora- 
tion ; but the history of this and other railroads having direct influence 
upon the City's interests will be treated at some length in a special article 
devoted to that subject. 

NAT TURNER'S INSURRECTION. 

In the year 1S30 occurred one of those startling incidents wliich are 
calculated to terrify the stoutest hearts and to leave an indelible impres- 
sion upon the minds and nerves of a whole community. About forty 
miles from the town, in the neighboring county of Southampton, there 
had been brooding, unsuspected, a most insidious and powerful enemy to 
society, which suddenly revealed its existence under circumstances of un- 
paralleled horror and atrocity. Under cover of the night, and without a 
note of warning, the negro insurrection, under Nat Turner, which was in- 
tended to involve the whole slave population of the South, broke out near 
the village of Jerusalem. Turner inaugurated his fiendish work by the 
•!)utchery of his master's family and the white residents of the adjoining 
plantations. The news of this horrible disaster spread like wild-fire from 
•end to end of Virginia, and the districts in which the presence of a pre- 
ponderating slave population would seem to justify the fears of midnight 
massacres, were thrown into a state of almost helpless panic. In Peters- 
burg the most intense excitement prevailed, and the citizens hastily pre- 
pared to render such succor as could be spared to the scattered white pop- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



33-. 



ulation of the rural districts, in the event of a general uprising on the 
part of the slaves. The volunteer companies were kept under arms, for, 
in the absence of rapid and reliable means of communication, the wild- 
est rumors were circulated and believed. The usually careless and happy 
life of the strolling darkey troubadour was not an enviable one at this 
time, for he ran the risk of being mistaken for a bloodthirsty conspirator 
and dealt with accordingly. Universal terror was caused on one occa- 




sion by some thoughtless fellow blowing a horn in the street at night. A 
salvo of artillery from the British batteries in the stormy days of the Rev- 
olution, could hardly have created such consternation as did this silly- 
blast, in which timid ears distinguished the savage yells of Turner's sable 
host. But fortunately the insurgents were neither well armed nor well 
disciplined, and the insurrection was suddenly crushed when one of the 
miscreants was killed with a charge of squirrel shot, by a planter whose 



J4 HISTORICAL AND INPUSTRIAL 

premises were attacked. A few weeks later, Nat Turner, the desperate 
author of the riot, was captured, and in due course tried, convicted and 
hanged. 

Petersburg and its vicinity have always been conspicuously blessed in 
their freedom from malignant epidemic diseases, but by some mysterious 
agency the cholera germ found its way here in the year 1832, and created 
no little alarm among our citizens. Rarely had this scourge appeared on 
the Atlantic slope, and the people were naturally very much affrighted at 
its presence. But the temi)erate climate and pure air of Virginia are not 
conducive to the establishment or spread of infectious diseases, and the 
unwelcome visitor disappeared after exacting but few victims. The sec- 
ond and last visitation of cholera occnrred in 1847, when its ravages were 
even less fatal than in 1832. 

INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS. 

In the same year (1832) the Merchants' Manufacturing Company was 
incorporated, to manipulate cotton, flax, wool and hemp, with a capital 
stock of not less than $40,000, nor more than §80,000, and the charter 
was to endure for twenty years. The Petersburg Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Company followed in 1834, with a capital of $100,000, with the 
right to increase it to $300,000. By an Act of 1835, the Petersburg mili- 
tia were attached to the Fifteenth Brigade, Stale troops. The Petersburg 
Navigation Company was organized to establish a line of packets (the 
packet of that day was a small sailing vessel, sloop or schooner rigged) 
to ply between Petersburg and New York, or other Northern ports in the 
United States, with stock of from §40,000 to Sioo,ooo; and almost simul- 
taneously the Petersburg Savings Institution was incorporated under the 
auspices of J. E. Lemoine, D. Lyon, C. F. Osborne, J. Y. Stockdell, John 
Dunn, N. M. Moore, A. G. Mcllwaine, John Bragg, B. C. Wheary, Benja- 
min Jones, Joseph Bragg, A. S. Holderby, H. P. Heath, John C. Hob- 
son, James Macfarland, Jr., T. N. Lee, Robert Leslie, Lewis Mabry, M. 
Thrift, Edwin James, D'Arcy Paul, Samuel Winfree, and Andrew Kevan. 
In 1839 the Petersburg Exchange was incorporated, and in the same year 
the Petersburg Towing Company was chartered, to navigate the Appo- 
mattox and James Rivers. The incorporators of the Petersburg Exchange 
were Leslie & Bryden, L. E. Stainback, Son & Co.. Dunn, Mcllwaine <.\: 
Brownly, David Dunlop, T. N. Lee, and D'Arcy Paul. A handsome struc- 
ture, still known as the Exchange Building, was erected on Bank Street, 
but the Exchange system was not popular with the merchants of the day, 
and, after a brief life, the enterprise languished. It was revived in 1S58, 
but only for a very short time, after which it was finally suspended. The 
Exchange Building was occupied just before the civil war by the Bank of 
the City of Petersburg. 

The career of the old Petersburg Academy had le.Mi brought to a close 
in 1S35, when the Legislature authorized the trustees to transfer all its 



property, real and personal, to the Anderson Seminary. In 183S its place 
was taken and worthily supplied by the Petersburg Classical Institute. It 
was at this excellent school that the middle-aged Petersburger of today 
obtained his knowledge of Pike's Arithmetic and the Latin Grammar, and 
its memory is often recalled with pious veneration — not unmixed, it may 
be, with an occasional twinge of something more substantial than that 
mere mental faculty which retains the knowledge of past events. The old 
building, once occupied by the Institute and presided over by Principal 
.Saunders, is now used as a Public High School. 




JEWISH SYNAGOGUE, UNION STREET. 

It will be seen that the decade immediately following the exciting events 
of 1832 had passed by in unbroken tranquility. Abundant capital had 
sought investment and numerous enterprises had been successfully em- 
barked. As an inevitable consequence, the town had improved during 
that period beyond precedent. The question which most agitated the 
public mind in 1842 was that of the water supply. For twenty years the 
lower part of the town had been supplied by the Aqueduct Company with 
a limited quantity of spring water, but this was no longer adequate to the 
demands of the increasing population, nor was it compatible with the ex- 



•j6 HISTDRICAI. AND INDUSTKIAI- 

istence of an efficient Fire Department. The Common Hall was author- 
ized to levy a tax and proceed to lay pipes from the Basin of the Upper 
Appomattox Company, whence it was thought a sufficient supply of water 
could be obtained ; but a much more elaborate and satisfactory plan was 
afterwards adopted, which has, except only in rare seasons of protracted 
drought, always assured to the town a plentiful service of pure and whole- 
some water. Reservoirs were constructed on the elevated land near the 
southern boundary of the city, below which flows the limpid source of 
supply — " Lieutenant Run." These reservoirs were not completed, how- 
ever, until^i856. Henry D. Eird was the engineer in charge and super- 
intended thei'' construction, which resulted mainly from the energetic la- 
bors, in that behalf, of the Hon. R. Kidder Meade, for many years a 
member of Congress from this district, and a gentleman who had ac- 
quired a strong hold upon the popular affections. 

The name of Powell, it seems, was still the right one to conjure with in 
connection with the hotel business, for in 1843 the Powell's Hotel Com- 
pany was incorporated with a considerable capital, subscribed by A. G. 
Mcllwaine, D'Arcy Paul, (George W. Boiling, William Talley, and William 
Brownly. Old Powell's Tavern had been destroyed by fire a short time 
previously. The hotel, like the ancient hostelry it succeeded, stood upon 
the site now occupied by the Iron Front Building. 

THE SUICn)E OF ANTOMATTI. 

One event of the year 1844 was attended by circumstances of such 
tragic interest that the story will be told in detail. Francis Antomatti, a 
handsome young Italian, kept a fruit and confectionery store on Sycamore 
Street. His gentle manners and excellent reputation had borne their le- 
gitimate harvest, and he had won the general favor of the community. At 
this time a little colony of French and Italians resided within our city's 
limits. Camillo Pucci, a wandering Corsican harpist, had dropped into 
the town several years before, with no visible property save his harp, and 
no prospect of a career other than that precarious one dependent upon his 
power, as a musician, to excite the sympathies and command the charity 
of his audience. But a certain Miss Qulnechet, the daughter of a repu- 
table French family, saw, heard, and straightway loved the humble trou- 
badour, whom she married in spite of the strong opposition of her pa- 
rents, The issue of this union was a daughter, Zenobia, who figures as 
the heroine of this romantic story. Contemporaneous authorities credit 
this young lady with many conspicuous and fascinating graces, and these 
were not likely to escape the notice of the susceptible confectioner, Anto- 
matti. Other bonds of sympathy already existed between Antomatti, the 
Italian, and Pucci, the Corsican. Strangers, both, in a strange land, their 
natural affinities had ripened into warm friendship, and the young Italian 
■was received into the Corsican's family circle on terms of the closest in- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



37 



timacy. As time rolled on, he learned to love the fair Zenojia, and it was 
generally thought that his passion was reciprocated, for the handsome pair 
were betrothed and expected to be married. Matters went on smoothly 
for a while, and Antomatti was devoted in his attentions to his sweetheart, 
in whose charming society his evenings were mostly spent. Gradually, 
however, the usually buoyant spirits of the young confectioner showed 
signs of strong but unaccountable depression, which were attributed by 
some to rumored embarrassment in his business affairs, while others sus- 
pected that a rival had supplanted him in his charmer's affection. How- 




custom HOUSE AND POST OFFICE. 



ever this may have been, poor Antomatti was desperately unhappy, and 
decided upon putting an end to his wretched existence. Selecting the 
venerable ruin of Blandford Church as the scene of the intended tragedy, 
he calmly proceeded thither on July 29th, and seeking the solitude of the 
north transept, deliberately placed the muzzle of a loaded pistol to his 
temple and inflicted upon himself a mortal wound. The old harpist, un- 
able to find him at his store and probably"suspecting that his prospective 
son-in-law had become the victim of self-inflicted violence, made his way 



38 'historical anu industrial 

to Blandford, where the ghastly truth lay revealed. Antomatti still lived, 
and for forty-eight hours his sufferings were intense. Ten minutes before 
his death he called for a mirror, and after glancing at the reflection of his 
distorted features, pronounced his case hopeless, turned his face to the 
wall and quietly expired. 

POPLAR LAWN, 

recently renamed Central Park, was purchased by the City in 1844 for 
315,000. The New Market (Centre) was established in 1845. The lot 
upon part of which it stands cost the City ^5,000. Other portions were 
sold not long afterwards for sufficient to defray the cost of the whole 
original purchase. In the same year the City extended its boundaries so 
as to include thirty acres of land in Prince George County, lying east of 
Bland ford Cemetery. 

THE MEXICAN WAR. 

Petersburg furnished two companies of gallant fellows to swell the vol- 
unteer force which represented the power of the United States in the war 
with Mexico, and which utterly crushed the military establishment of that 
unfortunate Republic in two short campaigns. One was commanded by 
Captain (afterwards Colonel) Fletcher H. Archer, and the other by Cap- 
tain William N. Robinson. Captain Archer's company was organized on 
the 3rd of December, 1846, and on the 14th of the same month was mus- 
tered into the service of the United States at Richmond. Captain Rob- 
inson's company was organized about a month later. The aggregate en- 
rollment of the two companies was about one hundred and seventy men. 
Captain Archer's company was the first to leave. On the afternoon of 
Saturday, the 2nd of January, 1847, the day before it was to set out for 
the rendezvous at Old Point, the ladies of the town, through their chosen 
orator, Judge James H. Gholson, presented the command with a hand- 
some flag, and the Captain was given a sword by his fellow-members of 
the Petersburg Bar. Lieutenants Franklin Pegram, D. A. Weisiger and 
P. A. Patterson were also presented with swords by the admiring citizens. 
On the following morniug, about 7 o'clock, the volunteers, escorted by 
all the military companies of the town, were at the depot of the City Point 
Railroad. The scene is thus described by William R. Drinkard, the edi- 
tor of the Republican : " Captain Archer arranged his men in double 
ranks, the front rank facing the rear in open order, through which the 
military and citizens, commanded by Captain Hugh A. Garland, passed, 
shaking hands with every man of the volunteers amid a torrent of scald- 
ing tears, asking God to bless them in such terms as tumultuous hearts 
and almost palsied tongues would allow. It was a moment of deep and 
painful interest — one at which strongmen could weep with impunity — one 
at which the sobs and shrieks of women could be heard — all knowing the 
cause and sympathizing with the gentle sufferers. The old and better* 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



39 



tried Canada volunteer, looking back to the past and forward to the fu- 
ture, could but weep. The very servants who had waited upon and been 
acquainted with these young men, went through the corps crying ' Good 
bye, master ; God bless you master.' A farewell salute was fired and then 
long and loud cheers announced that the last moment had arrived. A 
last embrace, a kiss, another ' good-bye,' and amid the waving of hats 
and handkerchiefs, the bitter tqars and agonizing sobs of friends, the vol- 
unteers said ' farewell.' " On January 20th, this company set sail from 




FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, WASHINGTON STREET. 



Old Point on board the barque "Mayflower," and after a short delay on the 
island of Cuba, proceeded to Mexico and ascended the Rio Grande to 
Camargo, where it was temporarily stationed. Captain Robinson's com- 
pany followed about a month later, taking the same route and stopping at 
the same station. From Camargo the Petersburg volunteers advanced to 
Monterey, and thence, via Saltillo, to Buena Vista, which place was not 
reached, however, until after the battle. Our two companies formed a 
part of the ''Army of Occupation," under General Zachary Taylor, hold- 



40 



HISIORICAI, AND INDUSTRIAL 



in^ the lines in the neighborhood of Buena Vista and Saltillo until the 
close of the war. Several members of the command being on detached 
service, participated in more than one engagement, and many fell victims 
to the malignant fevers peculiar to that climate. After an absence of 
eighteen months the two companies returned to Virginia and were mus- 
tered out of service in August, 1848, at Old Point, whence they reached 
home shortly afterwards and were given a royal reception by their friends 
and the towns-people generally. A great feast was spread in Centre 
Warehouse, and the returned volunteers were made the happy subjects of 
eloquent speeches and innumerable toasts expressive of unbounded ap- 
preciation and cordial welcome. 

The present gas-works were constructed in 1848. Seven years pre- 
viously the Petersburg Cias Light Company had been incorporated with 
Thomas Wallace, Hen'-y White, Dugger, Jones & Co., Joseph Orr, James 
Macfarland, Robert Ritchie, Robert Leslie and Daniel Foster as its incor- 
porators. .Vt first a capital^of 515,000 to $50,000 was authorized, in shares 
of $50 each ; afterwards, in 1849, ^^^ company was permitted to increase 
its stock to a sum not less than $60,000 nor more than $120,000. The 
Common Hall, according to the terms of its contract with the Company, 
could have taken the enterprise into its own hands at any time within ten 
years after its inception, but the venture was too experimental to be re- 
garded at the time as a safe investment, and the cautious, practical men 
then having charge of the municipal government were afraid to take even 
an ordinary business risk with the people's money. The growth and de- 
velopment of the City have greatly enhanced the value of the Company's 
.stock, although for the fjrst ten years it paid no dividend. 

About 184S it was found necessary to make a large addition to Bland- 
ford Cemetery. The tide of emigration in that direction has always been 
steady, if slow, and it is estimated that nearly thirty thousand people lie 
buried within the present enclosure. 

The death is recorded, on February loth, 1849, at Mobile, Alabama, in 
the seventy-seventh year of his age, of Col. Wm. R. Johnson, of Oak- 
land, Chesterfield County, and a former resident, for many years, of this 
City. His success in horse-racing, then the favorite amusement of all 
classes, had gained for him the soubriquet oi "The Napoleon of the Turf." 
He was a gentleman of remarkable power and influence, and was even 
reckoned the most popular man that ever lived in Petersburg. Many of 
his victories ^were achieved on the New Market race course in Prince 
George County, about a mile and a half from the City, which was. under 
the management of Thomas Branch, and afterwards of O. P. Hare, the 
centre of the racing interest of Southside Virginia.' 

THE NEW CHARTER OF l.Srx). 

By an Act of March i6th, 1850, the " town" of Petersburg was promo- 
cd to the dignity of a Cnv. At first the ISLiyor was elected, as of old, 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



4X 



by the Council ; but this was afterwards changed to the people's vote. 
The new charter was put to the popular vote on the 5th of November,_ 
and adopted by the following majority: For ratifying the Act, 151; 
against it, 109 ; for electing the Mayor by the people, 208 ; for electing 
the Mayor by the Council, 59. John Dodson was the first Mayor elected 
by the voice of the people. The provisions of the act are very lengthy 
and labored, but do not differ from the ordinary details of municipal 
charters. Qualified voters were described as "freeholders of lots within 
the said city, whether improved or not, and whether said freeholders re- 
side therein or not, and the housekeepers and also the inhabitants of the 
said city who shall have resided therein for the next preceding one twelve 
months, such housekeepers or inhabitants possessing in their own right, 
within the same, movable or immovable property to the value of $\'-)0 ; 




VIEW IN WEST-END PARK. 

and such freeholders, housekeepers and inhabitants being citizens of the 
United States." In April, 1852, the charter was amended so as to make 
the following officers eligible by the popular vote : Collector of Taxes, 
Chamberlain, Ganger, Keeper of the Powder Magatzine, Keeper of the 
Hay Scales, Clerk of the Market and Commissioner of Streets. The du- 
ties of these functionaries are prescribed very exactly in the act, and the 
City Council was made a " Returning Board " to determine the results of 
elections. 

Intense excitement was aroused by the killing, in the spring of 1853, of 
Joel H. Sturdivant, the city jailor, by a man named Saddler, who was im- 
prisoned on the charge of kidnapping. Saddler was of good family, and 
being desperately anxious to avoid the shame and scandal of conviction, 
he procured in some way a pistol, shot Mr. Sturdivant dead, and wound- 
ed " Old George," an assistant about the jail. The tragedy happened on 
a Sunday morning, while people were at church. As soon as the dark 



_^2 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

news was bruited, the town turned out in pursuit, en masse. The pursuers 
soon closed on the fugitive, and he, seeing that capture was inevitable, 
shot and killed himself in their presence with one of the charges yet re- 
maining in his pistol. A shallow pit was dug. into which the dead body, 
still warm, was tumbled. 

The Petersburg and Jerusalem Plank Road Company was chartered by 
the Legislature in 1853. The road to Jerusalem— the county town of 
Southampton County— is still called, much to the amusement of strangers, 
the Plank Road, although not a vestige of its original plank surface re- 
mains. In the same year a charter was obtained for the Petersburg Li- 
brary Association by A. D. Banks, John B. Stevens, Thos. S. Gholson and 
W. L. Watkins. For a long time this was the only public circulating library 
in the City, and its shelves furnished nearly all the mental pabulum en- 
joyed by a whole generation. The handsome Library Building on the 
corner of Sycamore and BoUingbrook Streets was destroyed by fire in 
1878, and p large number of the books were consumed or ruined. The 
building was not restored as a library, and the property passed into private 
hands. In 1855 the United States acquired possession of the lot on the 
corner of Union and Tabb Streets and erected thereon the present beauti- 
ful and substantial structure used as a Custom House and Post Office. The 
fine grey granite of which it is built was taken from the Whitworth quar- 
ries in Dinwiddie County, near the City. 

COX'S SNOW. 

On the 1 8th of January, 1857, the heaviest fall of snow ever witnessed 
in this latitude blocked all the roads so that travel was almost impossible, 
and brought the ordinary occupations of out-door life to a stand-still. 
Fences and hedges disappeared. This condition of affairs, in which an in- 
habitant of the great Northwest would have felt thoroughly at home, 
caused much inconvenience and even suffering to a community accus- 
tomed to mild winters and a light snow-fall. Dr. Joseph E. Cox, of Din- 
widdie, while out driving with his friend, Mr. Traylor, was overtaken by 
the storm and fatally frozen before he could reach shelter. His compan- 
ion was severely frost-bitten, but survived his injuries, and in time recov- 
ered. The Doctor was a most estimable citizen and the impression pro- 
duced by his sad death was so profound that the storm has ever 
since been referred to as " Cox's Snow." Indeed, among the classes who 
felt its severity the most, it became an epoch from which succeeding time 
was measured, and it was almost as common, a ([uarter of a century ago, 
to hear of certain events having occurred " since Cox's Snow," as it be- 
came in later years to be reminded of that Elysian period which existetl, 
in the language of the colored brethren, " fo' de wah." 
THE SCHOONER " KEZIAH." 

"On Sunday last, at an early hour, it was discovered that Oilbert and 
Sarah, two slaves of Thomas W. Eppes, had decamped." These are the 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



43 



Opening lines of a three-column "local" in the Southside Democrat oi 
Tuesday, June ist, 1S58. Certain strange movements on board the 
schooner " Keziah," of Brandywine, Delaware, Wm. D. Bayliss, master, 
then lying at the wharf, had aroused the suspicions of Officer Butts, and 
the vessel was quietly watched. During the day she was observed to 
weigh anchor and drop down the river. A telegram was sent to the In- 
spector at Norfolk, asking him to intercept the schooner before she reach- 
ed Hampton Roads, and, in the meantime, the Petersburg authorities set 
out in pursuit on board the steamer "W. W. Townes" from City Point, 
and sighted the chase about twenty miles below, off Hood's Landing. A 
few minutes later the steamer was alongside and the officers informed the 




"centre hill," estate of the late ROBERT B. BOLLING, ESQ. 



schooner's master that they had comt to search for runaway slaves. Bay- 
liss feigned astonishment and offered to render all the assistance in his 
power. In the cabin, under a pile of miscellaneous articles, was found 
Sarah, clad in male attire, and a further search discovered not only Gil- 
bert, but also John Bull, Joe Mayo and William, all fugitive servants of 
well known Petersburg families, whose flight had not as yet been suspect- 
ed. On the discovery of Sarah, the master appeared very much surprised 
and professed utter ignorance of her having been on board, but when the 
other four were brought to light, he acknowledged the charge of kidnap- 
ping and surrendered himself a prisoner. The steamer took her prize in 
tow and proceeded up the river. A telegram from City Point announced 



44 HIS'lORICAI, AND INDUSIRl AL 

the iniportaiue of the cajiture, and when the "W. W. Townes " and her 
charge reached the wharf at Petersburg, a large and excited crowd had " 
gathered to witness the debarkation of the prisoners. At that time "kid- 
nappers," as those who aided the flight of slaves were called, were the ob- 
jects of universal hatred, and the officers had some difficulty in protecting 
Bayliss from violence. The prisoner was tried on the loth of June, 'n 
the Circuit Court. Kichard G. Pegram conducted the case for the Com- 
monwealth, and the jjiisoner was defended, under orders from the court, 
by John F. May and W. T. Joynes. The laws of Virginia, in 1858, pun- 
ished kidnapping with great severity. The evidence against Bayliss was 
so conclusive that his counsel's only plea was one for mercy. He was 
found guilty and sentenced to forty years' imprisonment in the peniten- 
tiary. The schooner's mate, Joseph J. Simpkins, who seemed to have had 
little or no share in the kidnapping transactions, was released. The 
" Keziah," according to law, was confiscated and sold at auction, when the 
firm of Pannill (Sc Carter became her purchasers for $325. Bayliss re- 
mained an inmate of the State penitentiary until released by the Federal 
soldiers when they entered Richmond in 1865. 

IN THE WAR BETWE?:N THE STATES. 

'l"he record of the next two years, when read in the light of subsequent 
events, points to the rapid approach of the greatest crisis in the history 
of the City, and of the United States, namely, the bitter and protracted 
struggle between the Federal Government and the Southern Confederacy, 
which, for four long years, distracted the country and shocked the world 
with its horrors. It would, of course, be entirely incompatible with the 
objects and range of the present brief narrative to enter, even cursorilyv 
upon the vast political questions which resulted in this cruel and unnatu- 
ral war. The subject is, or should be, familiar to every student of modern 
history, and it would therefore be superfluous to occupy these pages with 
any of its events other than those which directly affected the City of Pe- 
tersburg and her inhabitants. 

Referring to this e.xciting period of the City's history, the Rev. E. S. 
Gregory, in his Skctc/i of the History of Petersburg:;, published in 1878, 
writes as follows : 

"No community in the South, not actually destroyed by the war, sacri- 
ficed more for the Confederate cause than Petersburg. When it began, 
the town was in the full bloom of prosperity, improvement and extension. 
She had a large trade directly with Europe, and every day added to her 
growth and wealth. Throughout the whole Union her culture, her cordi- 
ality and her enterprise were known and commended of all men. Her 
merchants of that day were princes of their profession, exceeded by none 
for their integrity, their foresight and their boldness to improve the legi- 
timate o]iportunities of investment. It is said on good authority that the 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



45 



improvement of the city during the twelve years just preceding the war 
was perhaps more rapid and more substantial than that of any other city 
in the South. 

"All this and more her people dedicated with enthusiasm to the cause of 
Virginia and the Confederate States, although they were opposed to se- 
cession, and had elected Mr. Thos. Branch as a Union man to the State 
Convention over Mr. Thos. Wallace, Disunion, who received not more than 
225 votes in the town. Yet the march of events swept them along, and 
when the Ordinance of Secession was adopted on April 17th, iS6r, the 




RESIDENCE OF JOHN McGlLL, ESQ., MARKET STREET. 

news was received in no part of the State with more jubilation than in 
Petersburg. War was already on the country, and the volunteers of Pe- 
tersburg took the field with gay yet earnest alacrity, abundantly sustained 
during the trials and penis which so soon ensued. 

* * * * "On every field of action on which they appeared, the sol- 
diers of Petersburg acquitted themselves with gallantry worthy the fame 
of the fair Cockade ; their battle-flags were studded with inscriptions of 
victory; and when at last the surrender took place at Appomattox Court- 
house, the command to which the Petersburg companies were mostly at- 
tached, and of which a Petersburger was General, was the best and most 
solidly organized of all which laid down their arms. 

"The following is believed to be a substantially correct list of the com- 
panies contributed by the City to the Confederate Army, with the names 
of the captains in their order by whom they were severally commanded : 



46 HISTCRICAI. AM) 1 N DrSlRI A I. 

"■Infantry. — City Guard, 12th Regiment, commanded by Colonel D. A. 
Weisiger ; Captains John P. May* and Charles E. Waddell. 

"Petersburg Riflemen, 12th Regiment, Captains Daniel Dodson, R. R. 
Banks and John R. Patterson. 

" ' A ' Grays, 12th Regiment. Captains John Lyon, Robert Howden and 
Thos. P. Pollard. 

"'B' Grays, 12th Regiment, Captains Thomas H. Bond, L. L. Marks 
and S. G. White. 

"La Fayette Guards, 12th Regiment, Captains \Vm. H. Jarvis and J. E. 
Tyler. 

"Cockade Rifles, 3rd "Regiment, Colonel Roger A. Pryor ; Captains Jos. 
V. Scott,* Thomas Pannill and Antrobus Bond. 

"Archer Rifles, 12th Regiment, Captains F. H. Archer, J. R. Lewellyn, 
1). W. Paul,* and Douglas Chappell. 

"Ragland Guard, 41st Regiment, Colonel J. P. Minetree : Captains J. R. 
Maney and John Weddell. 

"McRae Rifles, 41st Regiment, Captains J. S. (William, Sr., John Camp* 
-and H. M. Mingea.* 

"Confederate Cadets, 41st Regiment, Captains J. B. Laurens, V. Wed- 
dell,* J. H. Meacham and James Smith. 

"Confederate Guard, 9th Regiment, Captain F. M. Wright, 

'■'Artillery. — Petersburg Artillery, Captains J. N. NichoUs and Edward 
•Graham. 

"Lee Guard Artillery, Captains Jas. R. Branch and R. G. Pegram. 

"Heavy Artillery, Captains G. A\ Rambaut and B. J. Black. 

^'Cavalry — There were three companies of cavalry organized in the City. 
The first of these was first commanded by C. Fisher, and had a number 
of other captains, among whom were Junius Goodwyn, R. D. Mcllwaine, 
Wm. Jeter,* Jos. Jordan, Captains Proctor and Yeamans Griscom. It is 
related of the latter, that in one of the actions around Petersburg his 
command engaged that of his own brother, who was on the other side. 
The third company was commanded by Captain E. A. Goodwyn. 

" The names marked with an asterisk are those of officers who were 
killed or mortally wounded during the war. It would be impossible to 
follow these commands through their various experiences of battle. They 
were among the first that rallied at Norfolk, and they presented a straight 
but fearfully reduced front at Appomattox. If in any engagement they 
fell below the highest standard of gallant duty, there is no record of its 
name or date." 

Petersburg was spared the actual presence of the enemy until a year or 
so before the close of hostilities, but the inhabitants felt their full share 
of absorbing anxiety as to the final result. The news of every battle, 
whether a victory or a defeat, was read through the tears shed for a hus- 
band or father, Ijrotheror son, who had bravclv fallen in the fiirht. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



47 



The local forces of Petersburg were called out on the 5th of May, 
.864, together with the companies from the adjoining counties, so that 
•when General Butler threatened the town from below, about nine hun- 
dred troops were in the lines. These included a company from Notto- 
way, one from Chesterfield, one from Prince George and one from Din- 
widdle. 

THE NINTH OF JUNE. 

A portion of the troops above enumerated had been sent to other 
points, and the remainder were still on the lines, guarding the City, when, 
about 9 o'clock on the morning of the 9th of June, Colonel Fletcher H. 




MASONIC HALL, TABB STREET. 

Archer, who was in command of the local forces, was informed by Col. 
Harrison, of General Wise's command, of the approach of the enemy, 
1,800 to 2,000 strong, under General Kautz. At that time there were 
with Col. Archer at Rives' farm, about two miles east of the City, the 
skeletons of six companies, five of which were made up mainly of Peters- 
burg men, and the sixth being from Prince George County. These com- 
panies were respectively commanded by the following officers : Captains 
Wolff, Alfriend, Rogers, R. F. Jarvis, W. H. Jarvis, and Lieut. Botts, and 
numbered in all about one hundred and twent)'-five men. The personnel 
of this small force comprised aged and infirm men, some convalescent or 
furloughed soldiers from the regular army, a few foreign residents of the 



48 HISTORICAL AND INDUSIRI AL 

City and others exempt from military service. Arrangements were made^ 
however, for the reception of the enemy, and the defenders were disposed 
in the trenches. Captain James E. Wolff, with his company, was placed 
on the extreme left, and Captain W. H. Jarvis on the extreme right. Be- 
tween 10 and II o'clock the enemy made their appearance, and then iheir 
demonstration, first with a reconnoitering j^arty, on the Confederate line. 
They were promptly met with a volley which unho''sed their leader within 
fifty feet of the Confederate front, and were repulsed with the loss of 
several horses killed and several men wounded and captured. Colonel 
Archer was reinforced at this crisis by Creneral Colston with a scjiiad of 
six men and one gun from Sturdivant's IJattery. The Federal force now 
dismounted and made a regular attack, which was successful, after a sharp 
fight of an hour and a half, in turning the Confederate left at the position 
occupied by a portion of Captain Wolff's company, under the command of 
Lieut. G. V. Scott. From the point so gained the enemy had an enfilad- 
ing fire on the Confederate ranks, and their " i6-shooters " began to do 
some terrible work. lUit the gallant defenders — patriarchs, invalids and 
youths — stood their ground with the grim resolution of able-bodied vete- 
rans, for they were fighting within sight of their homes ! " We fought 
them." says Anthony M. Keiley, who took part in the battle, "till we were 
so surrounded that the two nearest men to me were shot in the back while 
facing the line of original approach ; till our camp in rear of the works 
was full of the foe ; till the noblest blood of the City stained the clay of 
the breastworks, as they gave out their lives, gun in hand and face foe- 
ward, on the si)ot where their officers placed them." Wolff's company wa& 
literally cut to pieces — being almost annihilated by its losses in killed, 
wounded and captured. Captain Wolff was made prisoner and sent to 
Point Lookout, where he was detained for several months. 

With Wolffs defeat and capture, the stubborn fight of the 9th of June 
was practically at an end, for the rest of the command, finding it inij)ossi- 
ble to hold the position any longer against such odds, retired from the 
lines, the movement being by the right flank. The del'ay caused by this 
obstinate defence enabled the cavalry of Bearing and the batteries of 
Graham and Sturdivant to be brought to the front, and the City was saved 
for the time being, but only at the cost of eleven precious lives from 
among her brave defenders, whose original numbers had been reduced 
one-half. Their gallantry on this occasion elicited the admiration of 
friend and foe alike, and General Wise, who was in command of the City, 
issued a general order thanking Archer and his men, on behalf of General 
Beauregard himself, for their bravery and devotion. Many were captured 
and taken to Northern prisons, among them the Hon. Timothy Rives, ex- 
member of Congress and an ardent Union man. 

During an action onthe'i6th of June, in which a portion of this Citizens* 
corps was engaged, two others fell. The names of the killed on the 9th 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



49 



and 1 6th of June are inscribed on a memorial tablet in Old Blandford 
Church. 

The 9th of June is justly regarded as the proudest and most sacred day 
in the annals of the City, and the anniversary is still celebrated with sol- 




IRON FRONT BUILDING, SYCAMORE STREET. 

emn exercises, under the auspices of the ladies of the Memorial Associa- 
tion. 

THE SIEGE OF PETERSBURG. 

The beginning of the end had come. It was at Petersburg that the last 
determined stand of the Southern Confederacy was made, and the interest 



5° 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



of the last ten months of the war centred chiefly within the radius reachi " 
by the sound of our Court House bell. The City sustained a siege whi 
is without a parallel in the history of any place or of any time, when such , 
features are considered as the enormous disproportion in numbers and re- 
sources between the besiegers and the besieged ; the cruel earnestness of 
the incessant fighting within and without the trenches ; and the peculiar 
nature of the issue at stake. The attack made upon the City on the 9th 
of June was, as has been shown, unsuccessful. On the 12th of the same 
month, after the second battle of Cold Harbor, General Grant crossed the 
James River and took up his position at City Point, while General Butler, 
with the Army of the James, occupied Bermud?. Hundred, on the north 
l)ank of the Appomattox. Almost simultaneously General Lee crossed 
the Chickahominy and placed himself in position to jjrotect Richmond 
from attack on the north and east sides of the river, with a total force of 
seventy thousand men. Grant's army numbered a hundred thousand, 
with all the world to recruit from. The second attack, made on June 
16th, by the corps of Generals Smith, Hancock and Burnside, was also 
repulsed, and in the engagements that immediately followed between the 
Army of Northern Virginia and the Army of the Potomac, the latter con- 
fess to a loss of 10,268 men. General Grant, the Federal commander-in- 
chief, had expected to capture Petersburg by a coup-de-main^ and was dis- 
appointed beyond measure at the vigorous and sustained resistance, which 
baffled his repeated assaults, and against which his vastly superior numer- 
ical strength had proved powerless. The 19th and 20th of June were em- 
ployed by both armies in strengthening their respective positions and in 
constructing the redoubts and parapets which still form conspicuous 
features in the suburban landscape. The siege had now fairly begun, and 
the Federal lines were extended from time to time, till at last they stretch- 
ed from the Appomattox, across the Petersburg & Weldon Railroad, as 
far as Fort Fisher to the left, and thence back to Fort Bross, on the Black 
Water Swamp, a continuous system of earth-works more than twenty- 
three miles in length. When active hostilities were resumed on the 21st, 
an unsuccessful attempt, which cost them 3,000 men, was made by the 
Federals to seize the Weldon Railroad, while a strong body of cavalry at 
the same time tore up the tracks of the connecting railroads, and thus put 
the besieged to great straits for stores and rations. The following day, 
however, a brilliant attack was made on the enemy's flank by General Ma- 
hone, who returned to the main lines at night-fall with 1,742 prisoners, 
besides a vast quantity of small-arms, four guns and eight standards. 
Again, on the 28th, a splendid victory was gained by the Confederates over 
General Wilson, to whom had been assigned the duty of capturing or de- 
stroying the railroads in the vicinity. And his defeat cannot be wondered 
at, when, among those who rushed to the rescue of the threatened com- 
munications were such men as W. H. F. Lee, Fitz Lee, Hampton, Ma- 



GUIDE TO PETESEURG, VA. 



5^' 



hone, Pegram, Lomax and Wickham. Wilson, with the utterly demoral- 
ized remnant of his cavalry, retreated across the Nottoway, leaving be- 
hitid him, in the hands of the Confederates, a thousand prisoners, besides 
his killed and wounded, his trains, thirteen pieces of artillery and large 
quantities of ordnance stores and small-arms. 

Grant made several other futile attempts to cut Lee's communications. 
and destroy the Confederate arteries of supply, while at the same time- 
he was vigorously pushing forward the completion of his extensive work&. 




WASHINGTON STREET M. E. CHURCH. 

and arming them with he^vy artillery, in order that the bulk of his army- 
might be available for such active operations as circumstances should ren- 
der advisable. But it is not within the scope of this sketch to relate in. 
detail the many exciting events which marked the ten months' siege. 
Thirteen pitched battles were fought around the works, besides innumer- 
able skirmishes and other minor engagements involving the safety of the 
City and the lives of its gallant defenders. These latter, in fact, were of 
daily occurrence, while the boom of artillery and the shriek of shot and 



52 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

.shell, as they sped through the air on their errand of death and destruc- 
tion, were sounds as familiar to the ears of the besieged as is now the 
peaceful tone of the Court House bell, as it records the passing hours.. 

The battle of the 30th of July, however, deserves a more extended no- 
tice. It has i)assed into history as the ""Battle of the Crater," Vind its 
liorrors were unsurpassed by any other event of this long and bloody 
war. 

" In all the thirty miles of massive entrenchments that environed the 
^)eleaguered City." says (iregory, "there stood no soldiers more heroic or 
more faithful than her own sons, who were doing battle in the sight of 
their own roof-trees for the honor and safety of their homes. Among 
those killed by the Crater explosion were two officers and twenty men of 
Pegram's Petersburg Hattery. In the fight that followed General Mahone 
won, as he deserved, enduring glory, and rescued the City from capture 
and probably from sack. He received the stars of a Major-General for 
his gallantry and skill, while Colonel D. A. Weisiger was promoted to the 
command of the Old Mahone Brigade, as the Association composed of its 
members is still proud to be called." 

For the narrative of this famous fight, which must always hold a fore- 
most position in the history of the City, we cannot do better than quote 
from the excellent address delivered by Captain W. Gordon McCabe, A. 
A. G., on November ist, 1876, before the Association of Northern Vir- 
ginia, entitled " The Defence of Petersburg". 

" Burnside held an advanced position, carried in the assaults of the 
17th and 18th of June by his own troops and Griffin's division of Warren's 
corps, and succeeded in constructing a heavy line of rifle pits scarcely 
more than 100 yards distant from what was then known as the Elliott 
Sal'ient. Immediately in rear of this advanced line the ground dipped 
suddenly, and broadening out into a meadow of considerable extent, afford- 
ed an admirable position for massing a large body of troops, while work- 
ing parties would be effectually screened from the observations of the 
Confederates holding the crest beyond. 

" Now, it happened that the Second Division of the Ninth Corps guard- 
ed this portion of the Federal front, and as early as the 24th of June, 
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Pleasants, commanding the First Brigade of 
that Division, a man of resolute energy and an accomplished mining en- 
gineer, proposed to his division commander that he be allowed to run a 
gallery from this hollow, and blow up the hostile salient. 

"Submitted to Burnside, the venture was appr<,)ved, and at 12 o'clock 
next day, Pleasants began work, selecting for the service his own regi- 
ment, the Forty-eighth Pennsylvania, most of whom were miners from the 
Schuylkill region. But though Burnside approved, the Commanding Gen- 
eral of the Army of the Potomac and the military engineers regarded the 
scheme from the first with ill-concealed derision. ^^ * * * 




> 



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PHOTO 



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oint 

re- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



53 



" By July 23d the mine was finished. It consisted of a main gallery 
five hundred and ten and eight-tenths feet in length, with lateral galleries 
right and left, measuring respectively thirty-eight and thirty-seven feet, 
and forming the segment of a circle concave to the Confederate lines. * 
* * On the 27th of July, the charge, consisting of 320 kegs of pow- 




der, each containing twenty-five pounds, was placed in the mine, and be- 
fore sunset of the 28th, the tamping was finished and the mine ready to 
be sprung. * * * 

" On the evening of the 29th, Meade issued his orders of battle. As 
soon as it was dusk, Burnside was to mass his troops in front of the point 
to be attacked, and form them in columns of assault, taking care to re- 



54 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

move the abatis, so that the troops could debouch rapidly, and have his 
pioneers equipped for opening passages for the artillery. He was to 
spring the mine at 3:30 a. m., and, moving rapidly through the breach, 
seize the crest of Cemetery Hill, a ridge four hundred yards in rear of 
the Confederate lines. * * * 

"To cover the assault, the Chief of Artillery was to concentrate a 
heavy fire on the Confederate batteries commanding the salient and its ap- 
proaches, and, to this end, eighty-one heavy guns and mortars, and over 
eighty light guns were placed in battery on that immediate front. * * 

" Burnside, in his turn, issued his orders of assault. Ledlie was to push 
through the breach straight to Cemetery Hill, Wilcox was to follow, 
and, after passing the breach, deploy on the left of the leading division 
and seize the line of the Jerusalem Plank Road, Potter was to pass to the 
right of Ledlie and protect his flank, while Ferrero's Negro Division, 
should Ledlie effect a lodgment on Cemetery Hill, was to push beyond 
that point and immediately assault the town. 

"Long before dawn of the 30th, the troops were in position, and at 
half-past three, punctually to the minute, the mine was fired. * * 

"Minute followed minute of anxious waiting — a trial to even the most 
determined veterans — and now the east was streaked with gray, yet the 
tender beauty of the dim tranquility remained unvexed of any sound of 
war, save one might hear a low hum, amid the darkling swarm as grew 
the wonder at delay. * * * Then it was that two brave men, whose 
names should be mentioned with respect wherever courage is honored, 
Lieut. Jacob Douty and Sergeant Henry Rees, both of the Forty-eighth 
Pennsylvania, volunteered for the perilous service and entered the mine. 
Crawling on their hands and knees, groping in utter darkness, they found 
that the fuse had gone out about fifty feet from the mouth of the main 
gallery, relighted it, and retired, * * * 

" A slight tremor of the earth for a second, then the rocking as of an 
earthquake, and with a tremendous burst, which rent the sleeping hills 
beyond, a vast column of earth and smoke shoots upward to a great 
height, its dark sides flashing out sparks of fire, hangs poised for a mo- 
ment in mid-air, and then hurtling downward with a roaring sound, show- 
ers of stones, broken timbers, and blackened human limbs, subsides — the 
gloomy pall of darkening smoke flushing to an angry crimson as it floats 
away to meet the morning sun. 

" Pleasants has done his work with terrible completeness, for now the 
site of the Elliott Salient is marked by a horrid chasm, 135 feet in length, 
97 feet in breadth, and 30 feet deep, and its brave garrison, all asleep, save 
the guards, when thus surprised by sudden death, lie buried beneath the 
jagged blocks of blackened clay — in all 256 officers and men of the Eight- 
eenth and Twenty-second South Carolina — two officers and twenty men 
of Pegram's Petersburg Battery. * * * 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



55 



" Now a storm of fire bursts in red fury from the Federal front, and in 
an instant all the valley between the hostile lines lies shrouded in billow- 
ing smoke. * * * 

" It was fully eight o'clock — more than three hours after the explosion 
— when Ferrero's Negro Division, the men, beyond question, inflamed 
■with drink, burst from the advanced lines, cheering vehemently, passed at 
a double-quick over the crest under a heavy fire, and rushing with scarce 
a check over the heads of the white troops in the Crater, spread to their 
right, capturing more than two hundred prisoners and one stand of colors. 
At the same moment. Turner, of the Tenth Corps, pushed forward a bri- 
gade over the Ninth Corps parapets, seized the Confederate line still fur- 
ther to the north, and quickly disposed the remaining brigades of his di- 
vision to confirm his success. 



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PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL, UNION STREET. 

" Now was the crisis of the day, and fortunate was it for maiden and 
matron of Petersburg that even at this moment there was filing into the 
ravine between Cemetery Hill and the drunken battalions of Ferrero, a 
stern array of silent men, clad in faded gray, resolved with grim resolve 
to avert from the mother-town a fate as dreadful as that which marked the 
three days' sack of Badajos. 

" Lee, informed of the disaster at 6:io a. m., had bidden his] aide, Col. 
Charles Venable, to ride quickly to the right of the army and bring up 
two brigades of Anderson's old division, commanded by Mahone, for time 
was too precious to observe military etiquette and send the orders through 



56 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



Hill. Shortly after, the General-in-Chief reached the front in person, and 
all men took heart when they descried the grave and gracious face, and 
'Traveller' stepping proudly, as if conscious that he bore upon his back 
the weight of a nation. Beauregard was already at the Gee House, a 
commanding position five hundred yards in rear of the Crater, and Hill 
had galloped to the right to organize an attacking column, and had or- 
dered down Pegram, and even now the light batteries of Brander and El- 




\VM. E. trench's drug STOKE, COR. SYCAMORE AND LOMBARD STREETS. 

lett were rattling through the town at a sharp trot, with cannoniers mount- 
ed, the sweet, serene face of their boy-colonel lit up with that glow which 
to his men meant hotly-impending fight. 

" Venable had sped upon his mission, and found Mahone's men already 
standing to their arms ; but the Federals, from their lofty ' look-outs,' were 
busily interchanging signals, and to uncover such a length of front with- 
out exciting observation demanded the nicest precaution. Y^t was this 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



57 



difficulty overcome by a simple device, for the men being ordered to drop 
back one by one, as if going for water, obeyed with such intelligence, 
that Warren continued to report to Meade that not a man had left his 
front. 

" Then forming in the ravine to the rear, the men of the Virginia and 
Georgia brigades came pressing down the valley with swift, swinging 
stride — not with the discontented bearing of soldiers whose discipline alone 
carries them to what they feel to be a scene of fruitless sacrifice, but with 
the glad alacrity and aggressive ardor of men impatient for battle, and 
who, from long knowledge of war, are conscious that Fortune has placed 
within their grasp an opportunity which, by the magic touch of veteran 
steel, may be transformed to swift-winged victory. 

" Halting for a moment in rear of the Ragland House, Mahone bade his 
men strip off blankets and knapsacks and prepare for battle. 

*' Then riding quickly to the front, while the troops marched in single 




FEDERAL HEADQUARTERS AT POPLAR GROVE, 1864-5. 

file along the covered-way, he drew rein at Bushrod Johnson's headquar- 
ters, and reported in person to Beauregard. Informed that Johnson would 
"assist in the attack with the outlying troops about the Crater, he rode still 
further to the front, dismounted, and pushing along the covered way from 
the Plank road, came out into the ravine, in which he afterwards formed 
his men. Mounting the embankment at the head of the covered-way, he 
descried within i6o yards a forest of glittering bayonets, and beyond, float- 
ing proudly from the captured works, eleven Union flags. Estimating 
rapidly from the hostile colors the probable force in his front, he at once 
dispatched his courier to bring up the Alabama brigade from the right, 
assuming thereby a grave responsibility, yet was the wisdom of the decision 
vindicated by the event. 

" Scarcely had the order been given when the head of the Virginia brig- 
ade began to debouch from the covered -way. Directing Colonel Weisiger, 



58 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



its commanding officer, to file to the right and form line of battle, Mahone 
stood at the angle, speaking quietly and cheerily to the men. Silently and 
quickly they moved out, and formed with that precision dear to every sol- 
dier's eye— the sharp-shooters leading, followed by the Sixth, Sixteenth, 
Sixty-first, Forty-first and Twelfth Virginia — the men of Second Manas- 
sas and Crampton's Gap ! 

" But one caution was given — to reserve fire until they reached the brink 
of the ilitch ; but one exhortation — that they were counted on to do this 
work, and do it quickly. 

" Now the leading regiment of the Cieorgia brigade began to move out^ 
when suddenly a brave Federal officer, seizing the colors, called on his 
men to charge. Descrying this hostile movement on the instant, Weisiger 
— a veteran of stern countenance, which did not belie the personal intrepi- 
dity of the man — uttered to the Virginians the single word 'forward.' 
Then the sharp-shooters and the men of the Sixth, on the right, running 
SAviftly forward — for theirs was th e grea terdistance to traverse — the whole 
line sprang along the crest,' aOdTHerei/irfst froaj-morejthan eight hundred 
warliiie voices tKatfierce,.yjeU-*¥hi&l>-no njuin ever^yet hearcl unmoved on 
field of battle. Storms' of case-shot from the right mingled with the tem- 
pest of bullets which smote them from the front; yet was there no an- 
swering volley, for these were veterans, whose fiery enthusiasm had been 
wrought to a finer temper by the stern code of discipline, and even in the 
tumult the men did not forget their orders. Still pressing forward with 
steady fury, while the enemy, appalled by the inexorable advance, gave 
ground, they reached the ditch of the inner works; then one volley 
crashed from the whole line, and the Sixth and Sixteenth, with the sharp- 
shooters, clutching their empty guns and redoubling their fierce cries^ 
leaped over the retrenched-cavalier, and all down the liie the dreadful 
work of the bayonet began. 

" How long it lasted none may say with certainty, for in those fierce 
moments no man heeded time, no man asked, no man gave quarter; but 
in an incredibly brief space, as seemed to those who looked on, the whole 
of the advanced line north of the Crater was retaken, the enemy in head- 
long flight, while the tattered battle-flags planted along the parapets from 
left to right told Lee, at the Gee House, that from this nettle ' Danger » 
Valor had plucked the flower 'Safety' for an army. 

" Redoubling the sharp-shooters on his right, Mahone kept down all fire 
from the Crater, the vast rim of which frowned down upon the lower line 
occupied by his troops. 

"And now the scene within the horrid pit was such as might be fitly 
portrayed only by the pencil of Dante after he had trod ' nine-circled Hell.' 
From the great mortars to the right and left, huge missiles, describing 
graceful curves, fell at regular intervals with dreadful accuracy and burst 
among the helpless masses huddled together, and every explosion was fol- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



59 



lowed by piteous cries, and oftentimes the very air seemed darkened by 
flying human limbs. Haskell, too, had moved up his Eprouvette mortars 
among the men of the Sixteenth Virginia — so close, indeed, that his pow- 
der-charge was but one ounce and a half— and without intermission the 
storm of fire beat upon the hapless men imprisoned within. 

"Mahone's men watched with great interest this easy method of reach- 
ing troops behind cover, and then, with the imitative ingenuity of soldiers, 
gleefully gathered up the countless muskets with bayonets fixed, which had 
been abandoned by the enemy, and propelled them with such nice skill 
that they came down upon Ledlie's men like the rain of the Norman ar- 
rows at Hastings. 

At half-past ten, the Georgia brigade advanced and attempted to dis- 
lodge Wilcox's men, who still held a portion of the lines south of the Cra- 



...^T^ 




■1 



CHURCH BUILT BY FEDERAL SOLDIERS AT POPLAR GROVE. 1864-5 

ter, but SO closely was every inch of the ground searched by the artillery, 
so biting was the fire of musketry, that, obliquing to their left, they sought 
cover behind the cavalier-trench won by the Virginia brigade — many offi- 
cers and men testifying by their blood how gallantly the venture had been 
essayed. 

"Half an hour later the Alabamians, under Saunders, arrived, but fur_ 
ther attack was postponed until i p. m., in order to arrange for co-opera, 
tion with Colquitt on the right. Sharply to the minute agreed upon, the 
assaulting line moved forward, and with such astonishing rapidity did these 
glorious soldiers rush across the intervening space, that ere their first wild 
cries subsided, their battle-flags had crowned the works. The Confeder- 



6o HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

ate batteries were now ordered to cease firing, and forty volunteers were 
called for to assault the Crater, but so many of the Alabamians offered 
themselves for the service that the ordinary system of detail was neces- 
sary. Happily, before the assaulting party could be formed, a white hand- 
kerchief, made fast to a ramrod, was projected above the edge of the Cra- 
ter, and, after a brief pause, a motley mass of prisoners poured over the 
sides and ran for their lives to the rear. 

" In this grand assault on Lee's lines, for which Meade had massed 
65,000 troops, the enemy suffered a loss of above 5,000 men, including 
1,101 prisoners, among whom were two brigade commanders, while vast 
quantities of small-arms and twenty-one standards fell into the hands of 
the victors. 

" Vet many brave men perished on the Confederate side. Elliott's bri- 
gade lost severely in killed and prisoners. The Virginia brigade, too, paid 
the price which Glory ever e.xacts. The Sixth carried in 98 men and lost 
88, one company — 'the dandies,' of course — 'Old Company F,' of Nor- 
folk, losing every man killed or wounded. Scarcely less was the loss in 
other regiments. The sharp-shooters carried in 80 men and lost 64 — among 
the biain their commander, William Broadbent, a man of prodigious strength 
and activity, who, leaping first over the works, itW pierced by eleven bayonet 
wounds — a simple captain, of whom we may say, as was said of Ridge, 
' No man died that day with more glory, )'et many died and there was 
much glory.' " 

In the four engagements of August i8th, 19th, 21st and 25th, brought 
about by Grant's determination to establish himself on the Weldon Road> 
the Federals, says McCabe, "acknowledge a loss of above 7,000 men, and 
there is reason to believe that the occupation of the Weldon Road during 
this month cost them between 8,000 and 9,000 men. The Confederate 
loss was not above one-fourth of that number." 

The story of this wonderful "defence " practically closes with the fol- 
lowing passage : " On the evening of April ist, the battle of Five Forks was 
fought, and lost to the Confedi^rates, and at dawn ne.xt morning, from the 
Appomattox to Hatcher's Run, the Federal assaults began. Lee was forced 
back from the whole line covering the Boydton Plank Road, and Gib- 
bon's Division of Ord's Corps boldly essayed to break through into the 
town. Tlie way was barred by an open work of heavy profile, known as 
Battery Gregg, garrisoned by a mixed force of infantry, chiefly North 
Carolinians, of Lane's Brigade, and a score of artillerymen, in all 250 
men. Thrice Gibbon's columns, above 5,000 strong, surged against the 
devoted outpost — thrice they recoiled — but about noon the fourth assault 
was ordered, and the assailants, discovered with surprise and admiration, 
that of these 250 brave men, 220 had been struck down, yet were the 
wounded loading and passing up their muskets to the thirty unhurt and 
invincible veterans, who, with no thought of surrender, still maintained 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



6i 



a biting fire from the front. A splendid feat of arms, which taught pru- 
dence to the too-eager enemy for the rest of the day, for nearly 600 of 
Gibbon's men lay dead and stricken in front of the work, and the most 
daring of the assailants recognized that an army of such metal would not 
easily yield the inner lines. On that night Petersburg was evacu- 
ated," 




During the siege, almost all parts of the City were exposed to the rain 
of the enemy's shell ; but the people bore the danger with the same cheer- 
ful courage which they displayed under all the trying privations incident 
to their situation. The liberality of the citizens and the heroism of the 
ladies, in the relief of the sick and wounded and in the patient and calm 



62 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



endurance of all the perils of the siege, are far above all praise. And in- 
leaving the subject of Petersburg's intimate and responsible connection 
with the fortunes of this " Mightiest Revolt in History," we heartily en- 
dorse the following beautiful tribute to Petersburg's brave sons and daugh- 
ters, from the eloquent pen of Capt. McCabe : 

" Her men fitted to bear arms were yonder with Lee's veterans, and 
now her women — suddenly envirotied by all the dread realities of war — 
discovered a constancy and heroism befitting the wives and mothers of 
such valiant soldiers. Some, watching in the hospitals, cheered on the 




T. K. MOOllE'S IIAT STOllE, SYCAMOKE STBEET. 

convalescents, who, when the sounds of battle grew nearer, rose like 
faithful soldiers to join their comrades ; others, hurrying along the de- 
serted streets, the silence of which was ever and anon sharply broken by 
screaming shell, streamed far out on the highways to meet the wounded 
and bear them to patriot homes. Nor shall we wonder at this devotion, 
for in the very beginning of those eventful days these noble women, 
hanging for a few brief moments on the necks of gray-haired grandsires, 
or pressing the mother-kiss upon the brows of eager boys, had bidden 
them, with eyes brimming with prayerful tears, to go and serve the State 
upon the outer works ; and surely, when thus duty and honor had weighed 
down the scale of natural love, they had learned with an agony which 
man can never measure, that life itself must be accounted as a worthless 
thing wlien the safety of a nation is at stake." 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 

THE RETURN OF PEACE. 



63 



When the City had been formally surrendered by the Mayor, W. W, 
Townes, Major-General Hartsuff was assigned by General Grant to the 
command of the forces in Petersburg and its neighborhood. He made 
his headquarters at Centre Hill, the residence of Mr. Robt B. Bolling,^and 
appointed Brevet Major-General Ferrero, who had been a dancing master 




in NewYork, to the command of the City and defences. The civil^an- 
thority recognized at this time was an informal commission of citizens'for 
the hearing and arbitration of cases arising between the two races. In- 
due time Ferrero was succeeded by General Gibbons, who distinguished 
himself by suspending the News and imprisoning its editor, Mr. Anthony 



<-64 HISTORICAI. AND INDUSTRIAL 

M. Keiley, for a few clays. The last Federal commandant was General 
Stoneman, whose administratiou was highly satisfactory to the citizens. 

The course of municipal reconstruction was in this wise : In June, 
1866, an election was held urder military supervision, at which, however, 
none but white citizens voted, and Mr. Charles F. Collier and a council of 
substantial gentlemen were chosen. Mr. Collier was bayonetted out of 
office in two years, and Rush Burgess appointed in his stead by General 
Schofield. On the ist of April, 1868, Mr. Burgess took the oath of office 
and the iron-clad oath of July 2d, 1862. On the ist of April, 1869, the 
new iron-clad council took possession, and General W. C. Newberry, who 
had been a Union officer, was appointed by General Stoneman. In June, 

1869, General Newberry was removed and Dr. W. G. Pearse appointed 
Mayor. In March, 1870, Governor G. C. Walker, under the provisions 
of the Enabling Act, appointed a Council consisting of representatives of 
all shades, the purpose being that of conciliation and practical recon- 
struction. Dr. Pearse resigned and the Council elected General New- 
iaerry. Mayor. On June 8th, 1870, General Newberry having resigned 
again, Mr. J. P. Williamson was elected Mayor by the Council. In May, 

1870, Franklin Wood was elected by popular vote, the State having been 
admitted to the Union under the Reconstruction Acts and the negroes 
Tiow exercising the right of suffrage. He took his seat for two years on 
the ist of July. 

In December, 1865, the Petersburg Iron Works Company was incorpo- 
rated ; in 1866 the Commercial Insurance and Savings Bank of Peters- 
burg was chartered. In 1870 the City was authorized to issue bonds in 
the sum of $300,000, at a rate of interest not exceeding 12 per cent, for 
municipal purposes. In July of the same year, the Petersburg and Rich- 
mond Steamboat Company w?s chartered. 

The people of Petersburg had accepted the results of the war with ad- 
mirable spirit and fortitude. The commercial enterprise for which the 
City had long been noted was temporarily crippled, it is true, by the ter- 
rible ordeal of the siege and the partial laying waste of the surrounding 
back-country, but it was far from being stamped out. No sooner had so- 
ciety undergone such reorganization as the march of events had necessi- 
tated, than the repairing of shattered fortunes and the rebuilding of ruined 
homes were vigorously undertaken. That industry, perseverance and fru- 
gality have characterized our merchants and manufacturers in their pursuit 
of " Fickle Fortune,'* is abundantly demonstrated by the fact that Peters- 
burg stands out to-day among her sister cities of the Commonwealth, far 
wealthier and much more beautiful than she ever appeared even in "those 
good old days before the war." 

The train of events subsequent to 1870 affords but little interesting ma- 
terial for our narrative, as the records comprise a bare recital of ordinary 
local happenings and election returns. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



6s: 



In the early part of 1S74 an Act was passed by the Legislature placing 
the government of the City in the hands of commissioners to be appoint- 
ed by the Hustings Court. This bill, however, was vetoed by Governor 
[Camper, for reasons satisfactory to himself, but which failed to satisfy the 
riends of good government, among whom much disappointment was ex- 




UARRISON & CO.'S CLOTHING STORE. COR. SYCAMORE AND LOMBARD STS. 

perienced, and much severe criticism of the Governor's action indulged.. 
In May, 1874, the Republicans, who had controlled the municipal govern- 
ment ever since the re-admission of the State into the* Union, were de- 
feated, and W. F. C. Gregory, the Conservative candidate, was elected 
Mayor. 

The years between 1S70 and 1S80 witnessed the rapid and robust growth, 
of the great tobacco and cotton manufacturing interests which constitute 



66 , HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

the main sources of the City's wealth. The export tobacco trade of Pe- 
tersburg has developed colossal proportions and the names of her manu- 
facturers — as well as the choice products of their factories — are to be 
found in the mouths of grateful consumers in every quarter of the 
globe ; while the fabrics of our famous looms are equally appreciated by 
the inhabitants of the South American Republics. 

A slight shock of earthquake was experienced here in 1875, but only to 
the extent of disturbing the slumbers of some few light sleepers and ex- 
citing the nervous systems of the more timid. A second shock was re- 
ported to have been felt over nearly the whole of the Atlantic slope, in 
August of this year, 1S84, but Petersburg was not shaken. 



The story is now told. Concise and incomplete as it is admitted to be, 
it is nevertheless hoped that it will be read with interest, not only by Pe- 
tersburg's own people, to whom many of its facts and incidents are al- 
ready familiar, but also by those at a distance, who have had no opportu- 
nity of visiting the " Cockade City," or of coming into personal contact 
with its inhabitants. For all of these a hearty Virginian welcome is in 
store, whenever they will claim it — no matter whence they come or whither 
they would afterwards go — for the unhappy differences of the past have 
been buried too deep for resurrection, while over their grave flourishes the 
immortal " Fruit of Righteousness which is sown in Peace." 

Many important subjects have been left untouched, or only casually re- 
ferred to, in the foregoing sketch. In order that these may be more sys- 
tematically treated, as well as to preserve the narrative unbroken, it has 
been deemed more methodical, as well as more convenient, to devote to 
these subjects a series of short chapters, which will be found to embody 
many a weighty secret relating to the social virtues and commercial suc- 
cesses of a happy, healthy and prosperous community, and may therefore 
ibe considered worthy of careful perusal. 




GUIDE TO PE.TERSBURG, VA. 



67 



LIST OF THE MAYORS OF PETERSBURG. 



1784= TO 1885. 



John Banister 1784 to 1785 

Christopher McConnico 1785 " 1786 

John Shore 1786 '• 1787 

Robert Boiling 1787 " 1788 

Thomas G. Peachey 1788 " 1789 

Simon Frazer 1789 •' 1790 

Joseph Westmore 1790 " 1791 

Eichard Bate 1791 " 1792 

Joseph Weisiger 1792 " 1793 

William Prentis 1793 " 1794 

Thomas G. Peachey 1794 " 1795 

Robert Boiling 1795 " 1796 

Elias Parker 1796 " 1797 

William Prentis 1797 " 1798 

J. Le Messurier 1798 " 1799 

William Harrison 1799 " 1800 

David Maitland , 1800 " 1801 

William Prentis 1801 " 1802 

George Pegram 1802 " 1803 

Robert Birchett 1803 " 1804 

PanlNash 1804 " 1805 

William Prentis 1805 " 1806 

JohnMcKae 1806 " 1807 

Alexander Brown 1807 " 1808 

James Byrne 1808 " 1809 

Archibald Baugh 1809 " 1810 

Joel Hammond 1810 " 1811 

William Moore 1811 " 1812 

Nathaniel Friend 1812 " 1813 

William Bowden 1813 " 1814 

Edward Pegram, Jr 1814 " 1815 

George H. Jones 1815 " 1816 

JohnHinton 1816 " 1817 

Samuel Turner 1817 " 1818 

Edmund Pescud 1818 " 1819 



John H. Brown 1819 to 1820 

Thomas WaUace 1820 " 1821 

JohnHinton 1821 " 1822 

JohnStith 1822 " 1823 

John H.Brown 1823 " 1824 

Lewis Mabry 1824 " 1835 

Jabez Smith 1825 " 1826 

Samuel Winfree 1826 " 1827 

Lewis Mabry 1827 " 1828 

Joseph Bragg 1828 " 1829 

Patrick Durkin 1829 " 1830 

Charles F. Osborne 1830 " 1831 

Thomas Wallace 1831 " 1832 

Samuel Winfree 1832 " 1833 

David H. Branch 1833 " 1834 

George W. Harrison 1834 " 1835 

John D. Tanner 1835 " 1836 

James McFarland, Jr 1836 " 1837 

Stephen G. Wells (elected, 

but declined to serve) 

George W. Harrison 1837 " 1838 

Daniel Lvon 1838 " 1839 

Robert B. Boiling 1839 " 1840 

Stephen G. Wells 1840 " 1841 

William Pannill 1841 " 1842 

Thomas Branch 1842 " 1843 

John Pollard 1843 " 1844 

John H. Patterson 1844 '' 1845 

James B. Cogbill 1845 " 1846 

Joseph E. Cox 1846 " 1847 

Francis E. Rives 1847 " 1848 

J. M. B. Steward 1848 " 1849 

Charles Corling 1849 " 1850 

Andrew Kevan 1850 " 1851 

John Dodson 1851 " 1854 



In 1852 the new Constitution went into operation, and the Mayoralty- 
became a salaried ofifice. Mr. Dodson was the first Mayor elected by the 
popular vote : 



W. W. Townes (continuously) 1854 to 1865 

Charles F. Collier 1865 " 1867 

Rush Burgess 1867 " 1868 

W. B. Newberry and ) iqaq u laea 

W. G. Pearse..:. \ ^^^^ ^^^^ 

J. P. Wiliamson 1869 " 1870 



Franklin Wood 1870 to 1874 

W. F. C. Gregory 1874 " 1876 

Willliam E. Cameron 1876 " 1881 

F.H.Archer 1881 " 1882 

T. J. Jarratt (present in- 
cumbent) 1882 



68 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

CITY GOVER NME NT, lSS4-'85. 

Mayor : T. J. Jarratt. 
Treasurer : Emmett W. Couch. 
Auditor : Frank R. Russell. 
City Sergeant : J. Arthur Johnston. 
CoM.MON wealth's ATTORNEY : Gcorgc S. Bernard. 
Commissioner of Revenue : George W. Hall. 
CiTv Collector : T. H. Bond. 
High Constable : W. D. Minetree. 
Chief of Police : A. S. Gittman. 
Chief of Fire Department : P. H. Curtis. 
Gauger : W. W. Evans. 

Superintendent of Almshouse : Michael Heelan. 
Keeper of Cemetery : James Muirhead. 
CITY COUNCIL. 
President ; Capt. E. A. Goodwyn. Clerk : Frank R Russell. 

First Ward : E. A. Goodwyn, J. M. Xewcomb, J. H. Farley, C. W. 
Johns. 

Second Jl'iird : James S. Gilliam, R. W. Collier, Augustus Wright, M. 
W. Pyne. 

T/i/rd Ward : W. T. Hubbard, N. T. Patteson, Bartlett Roper, W. T. 
Par ham. 

Fourth Ward: H, R. Smith, John R. Patterson, Samon Seward, Thos. 
G. Gates. 

Fifth Ward : J. M. Brockwell, G. B. Eanes, H. C. Wilson, W. T. 
Hargrave. 

Sixth Ward : W. D. Tucker, E. L. Enniss, J. York Harris, J. M. Smith. 

COURTS. 
The Corporation Court : Judge, E. M. Mann ; Clerk, J. C. Armistead. 
Held on the third Thursday in each month. 

The Circuit Court, of the Second Circuit : Judge, S. S. Weisiger ; 
Clerk, J. C. Armistead. Held in Petersburg May 30th and December ist 
in each year. 

The taxable property of the City of Petersburg on December 31st, iS84, 
was as follows : 

Real $5,468,112 

Personal 3,870,265 

Total 59,338,377 

The Bonded Debt of the City on the same date was $1,186,200 
The Sinking Fund owns City Bonds as follows : 

6 per cent S 16,600 

8 '• " 44,500 

Total $ 61,100 

Also, cash on hand § 3,634.74 

Bills receivable February, 1885 2,176.53 

Bills receivable February, 1886 2,292.07 

Total cash on hand and bills receivable. . $ 8,103.34 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



69 




ST. JOSEPH'S (II. C.) CHURCH. 



GUIDE TO THE CHURCHES. 



ROMAN CATHOLIC. 

St. Joseph's : West Washington Street. Rev. W. B. Hanley, pastor; 
P. H. Curtis, Secretary and Treasurer. 

Services : Sundays and Holy Days, 7 and 10 a. m. and 4 p. m, ; week 
days, other than Holy Days, 6:30 a. m. 

PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. 

St, Paul's : Union Street. Rev. C. R. Hains, D. D., rector. Services : 
Sunday 11 a. m. and 8 p. m ; Wednesday at 4 p. m. Sunday School 
9:30 a. m. Vestry meets on the first Tuesday in each month. 

Grace Church : High Street. Rev. C. J. Gibson, D. D., rector. Ser- 
vices : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. Sun- 
day School 9 a. m. Vestry meets on the first Monday in each month at 
8 p. m. 

St. John's : West Washington Street. Rev. Thomas Spencer, rector. 
Services : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 8 p. m. ; Tuesday, 8 p. m. Sunday 
School 9:30 a. m. and 4 p. m. Vestry meets on the second Tuesday in 
each month at 8 p. m. 

St. Paul's Mission : Blandford. 

Grace Church Missions : Old Street and New Street. 

PRESBYTERIAN. 



Tabb Street Church : Tabb Street. Rev. J. W. Rosebro, pastor. 



70 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

Services: Sunday, ii a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 4 p. m. Sun- 
day School 9:30 a. m. Session of Elders and Board of Deacons meet at 
the church on the first Monday in each month. 

Second Church : West Washington Street. Rev. S. K. Winn, pastor. 
Services: Sunday, 11 a. m. and 4:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 7:30p.m. 
Sunday School 9:30 a. m. Voung men's prayer meeting every second 
Monday night. Meeting of Session the first Monday in each month at 
the Manse. 

Old Street Church : Old Street. Rev. W. O. Stephens, pastor. Ser- 
vices : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Friday, 7:30 p. m. Sunday 
School 9:30 a. m. Monthly meeting subject to call. 

METHODIST. 

Washington Street Church : Washington Street. Rev. S. S. Lam- 
beth, pastor. Services: Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednes- 
day, 7:30 p. m. Sunday School 9 a. ra. Young men's prayer meeting 
Sundr-y at 3 p. m., James B. Blanks", leader. Official meeting every Mon- 
day night. 

Market Street Church : Market Street. Rev. J. W. Bledsoe, D. D., 
pastor. Services: Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 7:30 
p. m. Sunday School 9:30 a. m. 

High Street Church : High Street. Rev. 0.scar Littleton, pastor. 
Services : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:80 p. m. ; Sunday School 9 a. m. 

Wesley Church, Halifa.\ Street. Rev. W. H. Atwill, pastor. Services : 
Sunday, 11 p. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. Sunday 
School 9:30 a. m. 

Blandford Church : Blandford. Rev. J. E. R. Riddick, pastor. Ser- 
vices : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. ; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. 

Ettrick Church : Ettrick. Rev, Jacob Manning, pastor. 

MATO.A.CA Church : Matoaca. Rev. N. J. Pruden, pastor. 

BAPTIST. 

First Church : West Washington Street. Rev. E. C. Dargan, pastor- 
Services : Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m.; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. 
Sunday School, 9 a. m. Business meeting, Wednesday after first Monday 
in each month, after service. 

Byrne Street Church : Byrne Street. Rev. D. A. Glenn, pastor. 
Services: Sunday, 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. m.; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. 
Sunday School, 9:30 a. m. Business meeting after morning service on 
the first Sunday in each month. 

West End Church : West Washington Street. Rev. C. H. Nash, pas- 
tor. Services : Sunday, ii a. m. and 7:80 p. m.; Wednesday, 7:30 p. m. 
Sunday School, 9 a. m. 

JEWISH SYNAGOGUE. 

Rodef Sholom, or Pursuit of Peace: Union Street. Rev. L. Freud- 
enthal, D. D., Rabbi ; A. Rosenstock, President ; Jonas Weinberg, Sec- 
retary. Services : Every Friday at 5:30 p. m. and Saturday at 10 a. m. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



71 



SECRET ORDERS AND BENEVOLENT SO- 
CIETIES, 

WITH THEIR PRINCIPAL OFFICERS FOR 1S85. 




A. F. AND A. MASONS. 




MASONIC HALL — TABB STREET. 

Right Worshipful John E. Townes, District Deputy Grand Master. 

Blandford Lodge, No. 3: chartered September 9th, 1757. Meets on 
the second Tuesday in each month. John T. Parham, Master; Andrew 
J. Clements, Senior Warden ; Charles E. Williamson, Junior Warden ; J. 
Bragg Jones, Secretary. 

Petersburg Lodge, No. 15 : chartered October 29th, 1787. Meets on 
the second Monday in each month. William J. Sowers, Master ; R. W. 
Thompson, Senior Warden; G. E. Scott, Junior Warden; G. W. Hall, 
Secretary. 

Powhatan Starke Lodge, No. 124: chartered December 12th, 1871. 
Meets on the second Thursday in each month. JVor. C. E. Burton, Mas- 
ter ; P. M. W. E. Drummond, Senior Warden ; J. H. Cabaniss, Junior 
Warden ; Louis L. Marks, Secretary, 



72 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



Petersburg Unmon |Royal Arch Chapter, No. 7 : Chartered De- 
cember loth, 1S30. Meets on the first Monday in each month. J/. E. 
John T. Parham, High Priest; E. John E. Townes, King; E. Charles H. 
Kruse, Scribe ; E. B. Branch, Secretary. 




Appomattox Commanderv Knichts Templar, No. 6 : Chartered May 
6th, 1828. Meets on the first Tuesday in each month. E. Sir James B. 
Blanks, Commander; Sir John T. Parham, Generalissimo ; Sir William 
R. Nichols, Captain-General; Sir John E. Townes, Recorder. 

I. O. OF ODIVFELLOWS. 




odd-fellows hall — sycamore street 

Glazier Encampment, No. 7: Instituted May 20th, 1840. Meets or» 
the first Saturday and third AVednesday in each month. E. J. Bond, Chief 
Patriarch ; James M. Leath, Scribe. 

Monroe Lodge, No. 8: Instituted May 6th, 1837. Meets every Mon- 
day night. M. W. Nelms, Noble Grand ; Charles M. Walsh, Recording 
Secretary. 

Appomattox Lodge, No. 16: Instituted May ist, 1840. Meets every 
Friday night. E. J. Bond, Noble Grand ; E. B. Branch, Recording Sec- 
retary. 

KNIGPITS OF PYTHIAS. 




PYTHIAN HAIL, r.ANK STREET. 

Ruth Lodge, No. 21 : Chartered April 13th, 1871. Meets every Thurs- 
day night. R. Tucker, Chancellor Commander; H. D. Lockett, Keeper 
of Records and Seals. 



GUIDE TO PtxERStURG, VA. 73 

Naomi Lodge, No. 30: Chartered in 1S74. INIeets every Monday night. 
G. J. Hawkins, Chancellor Commander ; Samuel H. Nugent, Keeper of 
Records and Seals. J. E. Coldwell (Ruth Lodge), Past Chancellor and 
Representative to the Grand Lodge of Virginia. 

Endowment Rank, K. P. Section 222: F. A. Owen, President; 
Thomas H. Holt, Secretary and Treasurer. Meets on the third Wednesday 
in January and December in each year. 

Trinity Division, No. 3, Uniform Rank : Meets on the second Wed- 
nesday in each month. James E. Coldwell, Commander ; F. A. Owen, Re- 
corder. 

IMPROVED ORDER OF RED MEN. 




wigwam, bank street. 

Powhatan Tribe, No. 15 : Chartered July ist, 1854. Meets every 
Tuesday night. E. V. Farley, Sachem ; George W. Hall, Chief of Rec- 
ords. 

Appomattox Tribe, No. 32: Chartered in 1867. Meets every Thurs- 
day night. William Newton, Sachem ; Robert J. Smith, Chief of Rec- 
ords. 

KNIGHTS OF HONOR. 

Petersburg Lodge, No. 737: Instituted September 12th, 1877. Meets 
at Odd-Fellows Hall, Sycamore street, every Thursday night. G. W. 
Tucker, Dictator ; E. B. Branch, Reporter; J. T. Morriss, Assistant Grand 
Dictator. 

Harmony Lodge, No. 1369 : Instituted February 3d, 1879. Meets at 
Red Men's Hall, Bank street, on the first and third Monday in each month. 
M. Kleinman, Dictator; J.Peyser, Reporter. G. May, District Deputy 
Grand Dictator and Representative to the Grand Lodge. 

Friendship Lodge, No. 2198. Instituted May 5th, 1880. Meets at 
Temperance Hall, Sycamore street, on the second and fourth Tuesdays in 
each month. James M. Quicke, Dictator ; W. D. Morriss, Reporter. 

ROYAL ARCANUM. 

ODD-FELLOWS HALL, SYCAMORE STREET. 

Southside Council, No. 298: Instituted March 26th, 1879. Meets on 
the second and fourth Tuesdays in each month. German B. Gill, Regent ; 
P. S. Seabury, Secretary ; J. t. Morriss, Past Grand Regent. 

Sycamore Council, No. 705 : Instituted August 26th, 1882. ISIeets on 
the second Wednesday and fourth Saturday in each month. W. E. Drum- 
mond. Regent ; Hugh R. Smith, Secretary. J. B. Blanks, Grand Chap- 
lain. 



74 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

AMERICAN LEGION OF HONOR. 



Cockade Council, No. 65 : Organized December 29th, 1S79. Meets 
at Odd Fellows' Hall on the first and third Saturdays in each month. J. 
D. Alley, Commander ; R. J. J. Spratley, Secretary. P. F. Cogbill, Past 
Grand Commander. 

CHOSEN FRIENDS. 




Lee Council, No. i : Instituted August :^i\, 18S0. Meets at Odd Fel- 
lows' Hall on the first and third Tuesdays in each month. John T. 
Slaughter, Chief Councillor; P. S. Seabury, Secretary. 

Rescue Council, No. 7: Instituted March 21st, 1SS3. Meets at Tem- 
perance Hall, Sycamore Street, on the first and third Wednesdays in each 
month. W. H. Hall, Chief Councillor ; L. Lunsford, Secretary. 

UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS. 



1S83. Meets at 
E. S. Smithson,. 




Excelsior Council, No. i : Instituted :\Iarch 6th, 
Pythian Castle Hall, Bank Street, every Tuesday night. 
Councillor ; F. A. Owen, Recording Secretary. 

JUNIOR ORDER U. A. M. 




Virginia Council, No. 3 : Instituted in 1878. Meets at Pythian Cas- 
tle Hall, Bank Street, every Friday night. G. W. Nunnally, Councillor ; 
R. W. Kruse, Recording Secretary. 

B'NAI B'RITH. 

Virginia Lodge, No. 225: Instituted August 23d, 1S74. Meets at 
Library Hall, BoUingbrook Street, on the fir.st and third Sundays in each 
month. Joseph Mayer, President ; J. Peyser, Secretary. A. S. Reinach, 
Sergeant-at-Arms of District Grand Lodge, No. 5. A. S. Reinach, Jacob 
Cohen and J. Peyser, Representatives to Grand Lodge. 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 



75 



FRIENDS OF TEMPERANCE. 

Petersburg Council, No. i : Organized in 1866. Meets at Temper- 
ance Hall, Sycamore Street, every Monday night. J. A, Harvill, Presi- 
dent ; L. E. Davis, Secretary. The late D'Arcy Paul, Esq., was the first 
president of this Council. 

CHURCH TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. 

Nazarite Section, No. i : Organized January 22d, 1881. Meets at 
St. John's Church, West Washington Street, every Saturday night. R. H. 
Raney, Principal ; F. A. Owen, Recording Secretary. 

ST. JOSEPH'S CATHOLIC BENEFICIAL SOCIETY. 

Organized in 1877. Meets at the church school room, corner of Wash- 
ington and Market Streets, on the first Sunday in each month. John P. 
Patterson, President ; H. C, Hailey, Secretary. 




THE UPPER APPOMATTOX COMPANY, 



AUGUSTUS WRIGHT, PRESIDENT. 



The history of this ancient and important Corporation is so replete with 
interest, and its influence upon the material prosperity of Petersburg, as a 
commercial and manufacturing centre, is so strong and direct, that it has 
been deemed advisable to make it the subject of a separate article, in order 
that the true character and scope of its extraordinary powers and privi- 
leges may be clearly understood ; the more so, indeed, as the property and 
franchises of the Company have recently passed into the hands of a syndi- 
cate of local capitalists, who are now actively engaged in restoring and im- 
proving the river and canal along its whole navigable length, with a view 
to developing its usefulness, both as a water-power and a public highway, 
to the utmost possible extent. 

The "Upper Appomattox" is that part of the river of that name lying 
above tide-water, into which it flows over the falls at Petersburg, and ex- 
tending to Planters' Town, in Prince Edward county, a distance of about 
one hundred miles, passing through the important town of Farmville and 
traversing the counties of Dinwiddie, Nottoway, Chesterfield, Amelia, Pow- 
hatan, Cumberland and Prince Edward. 



76 HISTORICAL AND INDISTKI Al. 

In the early liistorj- of this Commonwealth when roads were j^oor and far 
apart and settlements widely scattered, great efforts were made to utilize 
ail the water-ways of the country, and as early as the year 1745 an Act 
"for the more effectual clearing of James and Appomattox rivers," was 
passed bj' the Colonial House of Burgesses (Hening's .Statutes at Large, 
Ch. 23, \). 375), declaring these rivers to be public highways, and em- 
powering the County Courts of Henrico, Prince George, Goochland, 
Amelia and Albemarle to exact penalties from all persons obstructing 
their navigation by felling trees into them or by building mill-dams, stone- 
stops or hedges, and to remove all existing obstructions, and to appoint 
surveyors to assist in carrying out the recjuirements of this Act, which was 
to continue in force for four years. It further defnied the riparian rights 
and responsibilities of the owners of mill property along the river banks. 

On December 17th, 1787, the General Assembly passed a second Act 
(Acts of 1787, Ch. 53, p. 37), "for opening and extending the naviga- 
tion of Appomattox river," and appointing John Pride, John Holcombe, 
Joseph Michaux, John Archer, Joseph Jones, Everard Meade and Richard 
Crump, trustees, " for clearing, improving and extending the navigation of 
the said river," from Banister's mill as far up the same as they may 
judge it practicable, so as to have a sufficient depth of water to navigate 
boats, batteaux or canoes, capable of carrying six hogsheads of tobacco; 
and they are authorized to take and receive subscriptions for that pur- 
pose." This Act practically gave birth to the Upper Appomattox Com- 
pany, upon whom were conferred at the same time special powers to col- 
lect delinquent subscriptions, to contract for clearing and improving the 
river, and to remove all obstructions which might in any wise injure its 
navigation — duties which the counties having original authority appear to 
have more or less neglected. The Act also empowers the trustees, in case 
it should be found necessary in some parts of the river to straighten the 
same by cutting away the banks or by a canal, to acquire any land needed 
for that purpose ; the value of such land, in the event of a disagreement 
with the owner, to be decided by a jury. And, in consideration of the ex- 
pense incurred by the company in cutting canals, erecting locks, or other- 
wise, it was further enacted "that the said canals and works, with all their 
profits, shall be and the same are hereby vested in the said trustees and 
their successors forever, to and for the use of the subscribers and their 
heirs, as tenants in common, to be apportioned among them according to 
the sums by them respectively subscribed rnd paid, and the same shall be 
deemed real estate, a/n/ be forever exempt from payment of avy tax, im- 
positions or assessments lohatsoever.'' Provision is also made for the levying 
of tolls and their legal enforcement, and for compelling the owners of mills 
on the said river to erect and keep in proper repair good and sufficient 
locks to admit the easy, .safe and e.xpeditous passage of boats. 

Other enactments were made from time to time by the General Assem- 
bly conferring new powers and privileges upon the Company, and on De- 
cember 2ist, 1795, was passed " An Act to amend and reduce into one Act 
the several Acts for opening and extending the navigation of the Appom- 
attox river," which confirms all that had gone before, and appoints the fol- 
lowing trustees: Kverard Meade, Joseph Eggleston, William Murray, 
Francis Anderson, John Wiley, Peter Johnson, Charles Allen, Ryland Ran- 
dolph, Edmund Harri.son, Alexander McRae, Drury Jones, John Johns, 
James Morton, Charles Scott, Richard N. Venable, John Epperson, Nelson 
Patterson, John Archer, John Royall, John Finney, Edward Munford, Pe- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 77 

ler F. Archer, Francis Eppes, Henr}- Skipwith, Buller Claiborne, Joshua 
Chaffin, John Nash, Jr., Samuel Carter, James Wade, John L.'Crute, 
Roger Atkinson, Jr., James Watt, George Markham, John Purnell and 
Samuel Allen, who, with their successors, are thereby incorporated by the 
name and title of " The Trustees of the Upper Appomattox Company." 

An Act to amend the last cited Act was passed November 22d, 1796 
(Chap 26, p. 21), whereby it was enacted : "That the trustees therein 
appointed, and their successors be, and the same are hereby empowered, to 
clear, improve, and extend the navigation of the said river, from Banis- 
ter's mills to tide-water, or as near thereto as they may deem advisable and 
necessary, and also as far up the said river as they may deem it practica- 
ble and conducive to the public interest. For these reasons, and to enable 
the said trustees and their successors thus to extend the navigation of the 
said river, they are hereby vested with the same powers, and shall be under 
the same regulations and restrictions as are given and expressed in the 
above recited Act." 

By an Act of December 23d, 1797, (Chap. 39, p. 26), the number of trus- 
tees was reduced to thirteen, a majority of whom should compose a board 
for the transaction of business, and on January 20th, 1S03. (Chap. 26, p. 
18), was passed another Act withdrawing from the various County Courts 
the power hitherto possessed by them, of granting leave to build mills or 
dams along the banks of the river. 

In 1808, and again in 1810, the General Assembly extended to the Com- 
pany pecuniary assistance towards the expenses of completing the canal ; 
and in 1813 (Chap. 34, p. 44) it was "judged expedient to authorize the 
trustees of the Upper Appomattox Company to extend their canal through 
the town of Petersburg to tide-water." 

Subsequent Acts of the Legislature granted additional powers to the 
Company, including the right to erect mills and other useful works, and to 
engage in transportation and active manufacturing pursuits; and by re- 
cent legislation, April 22d, 1882, the Company is authorized to enlarge and 
deepen its canal and locks to a uniform depth of five feet and a width of 
forty feet. 

It is now nearly one hundred and forty years since the Upper Appom- 
attox, as a public highway, first engaged legislative attention, and during 
ihat extended period no less than thirty-four Acts relating to this Company 
have been recorded on the statute books of Virginia. By virtue of this 
liberal legislation the Company now enjoys an almost absolute control of a 
hundred miles of splendid waterway, with the privilege of navigation and 
right to engage in all kinds of manufactures and useful enterprises. It also 
has power to let, lease or sell all or any of its property or franchises, and 
to hold forever, absolutely exempt from taxation, whether by State, County 
or City, all its property now existing and that may hereafter be created. 

It can easily be demonstrated, therefore, that Petersbnrg, in the posses- 
sion of this favored corporation, with its far-reaching and inalienable char- 
tered rights, enjoys immense manufacturing advantages over all other cities 
of the Commonwealth. 

These advantages are briefly enumerated in a recent interesting pam- 
phlet treating of this Company and its territory as follows : 

First; The section of Virginia embraced in its area possesses most sa- 
lubrious climatic advantages, freedom from the rigorous temperature of 
higher latitudes, and, except in most exceptional seasons, absolute free- 



78 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

dom from ice obstructions ; reliable data show that delay or damage from 
that cause is here unknown. 

Second; Along its river and canal banks, high above the water-line, un- 
encumbered by earth or other debris, are to be found unlimited and inex- 
haustible supplies of the finest granite, easily worked and readily trans- 
ported, which by proper enterprise could be worked to a highly profitable 
degree. 

Third; Its improvement is in close proximity to unlimited supplies of 
bituminous coal now worked, and it passes over the celebrated Chester- 
field coal fields ; immense deposits underlie portions of its route. 

Fourth; Vast quarries of slate are adjacent to and underlie its property, 
which also passes over the well known gold bearing belt, which Hotchkiss 
so well describes in his work on the physical resources of Virginia; in ad- 
dition thereto it penetrates a section where the axeman has, as yet, made 
little impression, and the almost virgin forest offers a tempting field to 
the lumberman and the manufacturer, oak, hickory, ash, pine, etc., being 
found in practically exhaustless quantities. 

Fifth; It is not subject to any practicaljdepletion of power by droughts, 
as primarily all the water in the river belongs to it, and only the surplus 
water escaping over its dams can be utilized by mills below the lines of 
its improvement, and it delivers its water through its own canal or race- 
way into the Appomattox river at Petersburg. 

It will not be (luestioned that the proper development of these con- 
spicuous advantages by the judicious exercise of the extraordinary powers 
possessed by this Comjiany would result in immense benefit to the whole 
community, for it would not only stimulate the commercial enterprise of 
our own people and those of the tributary counties, but would also pro- 
vide safe and attractive investment for an almost unlimited amount of 
alien capital. Indeed, the many anxious enquiries that come from capi- 
talists in Northern manufacturing localities, desirous to extend the field 
of their operations and establish themselves nearer the base of supply, in- 
dicates conclusively that this portion of Virginia must shortly become a 
centre for manufacturing enterprise, especially as the causes which have 
unfortunately retarded our internal industrial development are now rapid- 
ly disappearing. 

A striking example of this welcome fact is found in the Upper Appc- 
mattox Company, which, as has been already stated, has been recently re- 
organized, and is now under the control of a syndicate composed of our 
most enterprising and energetic business men, whose immediate object it 
is to mature and render available, to the largest extent, the usefulness of 
their vast property. 

The new organization consists of thirteen trustees, the first named nve 
of whom are superintendents, to whom are committed the active manage- 
ment and control of the Company's affairs, viz. : Augustus Wright, Pres- 
ident and Agent ; Robert W. Collier ; Russell H. Wallace, Treasurer; J. 
P. Williamson, Thomas R. Moore, J. M. Quicke, G. A. Mannie, George }. 
Rogers. E. B. Bain, G. W. Palmore. and R. F. Lester, Secretary. 

To the good people of Petersburg it is a source of unqualified satis- 
faction that the working-out of this gigantic enterprise has fallen into 
such excellent hands, for, under their practical management, which has 
already taken shape in the vigorous pushing forward of the work of re- 
claiming, repairing and improving, some great achievement is confidently 
looke 1 for in the near future. For some time past a force has been busily 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA, 



79 



engaged clearing away obstructions, repairing dams and locks, dredging 
the channel and otherwise improving the property preparatory to putting 
it to its ultimate use as a magnificent water-power as well as a convenient 
means of transporting such produce as tobacco, corn, hay, lumber and 
cord-wood to this market, thus conferring an inestimable benefit upon the 
planters and farmers of the back country as well as upon the merchants 
and consumers in Petersburg. 

But when all this is accomplished the great work will only have been 
begun, and it is important that the numerous advantages offered to pros- 
pective participants in this enterprise should be pointed out, although 
they cannot be more than briefly summed up in an article of limited com- 
pass. 

Apart, then, from the exclusive rights of navigation over more than loo 
miles of water-way, through a territory scarcely reached by railroad facili- 
ties, together with the practical monopoly of the whole volume of water 
within the banks of the river, not only for navigation but also for milling 
and manufacturing purposes, and the development of "other useful 
works " along its entire length, there are other special features which al- 
ready enhance the importance of this Corporation to Petersburg and her 
immediate surroundings, and may be made available as a means of eleva- 
ting her into one of the most prosperous commercial and manufacturino- 
points in the land. 

ist. The physical conformation of the country through which the river 
flows is most favorable to this result. Seven miles above the City and 150 
feet above its mean level, the water of the river is diverted through a can- 
al, v/hicM by legislative enactment, may be increased to a uniform width 
of forty feet, and a depth of five feet, thus giving practically unlimited 
area and ample facilities for all manufacturing enterprises which depend 
for success upon unfailing water-power. 

2d. The property of this Corporation, of whatever kind, is absolutely 
exempt from taxes and levies of every description, /(^/rzw, 

3d. The terminal point of the canal at Petersburg is within a hundred' 
yards of the line of the Norfolk & Western Railroad, while the Virginia 
& Carolina Railroad, now in course of construction, will be equally 
near. The Company and its lessees will therefore possess exceptional 
facilities for distributing the products of their manufactories, while the 
canal offers unusual inducements to the neighboring farmers to employ its 
navigation. The Company also owns the right to connect its water-way 
by canal and locks with the tidal navigation of the Lower Appomattox. 

No other charter of such far-reaching scope exists under the laws of 
this Commonwealth, and it needs only the hand of enterprise and capital 
to make the territory adjacent to this property second to none on this, 
broad continent as a manufacturing and industrial centre. Nowhere else 
can manufactures enjoy such exemption as is here offered, and nowhere 
else can land, labor and natural force be obtained of such quality and to 
such extent. The work of subdivision is easy, and small factories will be 
at no disadvantage as regards position and terms, by the side of the most 
colossal establishments. In this feature lies the best hope of the early ex- 
pansion and solid development of large and small industrial pursuits, 
which are destined to convert this section into what, by right of geograph- 
ical position, it ought to be — The Great Mechanical Emporium of the 
New South. 



-So HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

THE LOWER APPOMATTOX. 

[CONTEIQCTED UY OEOr.OE S. BEUNABD, ESQ., COMMON* .VEAT.TIl H ATTOBNEV.] 

Situated as Petersburg is on the Ai^po-nattox River, at tlie head of tide- 
water, only twelve miles from its confluence with th^ James and only eight 
miles above ship navigation, the City enjoys the advantage of possessing 
a natural highway to the ocean. 

Before the introduction of railroads this highway was Petersburg's only 
means of communication with the outer world, and upon it was done a 
•large business during the first half of this century. The main bulk of 
the articles which made up the trade of the place came or went from the 
town wharves. Some idea of tlie extent of this trade sixty odd years ago 
is given in a ga/.eteer published in 1812 (Hrookes' Oazeteer orGeographi- 
cal Dictionary) in the article " Petersburg," from which we make the fol- 
lowing extract : 

" This is a place of considerabie trade in grain, flour and tobacco ; the 
exports of one year having amounted to 1,390,000 dollars." 

In subsequent years the trade of the town^especially its foreign trade 
— considerably increased. This statement is warranted by the fact that 
.for years several ships that plied between City Point and foreign ports 
were owned by citizens ':~>f Petersburg. During the decade from 1S30 to 
1840, James S. Brander & Co., a Petersburg mercantile house, owned the 
ships Tally-Ho, Indian Chief. CalcJonia, Brander^ Sea and the Hark- 
Away. Mr. L. E. Stainback, a merchant of Petersburg, owned the ships 
■ Sarah, Scipio, Jefferson, IVashini^ton and Madison. 'I'hese and other sea- 
going vessels made regular trips, on the 15th of each month, from City 
Point to Liverpool, London, Rotterdam, Cottenburg and other European 
ports. They made also voyages to Rio. To make up the outgoing car- 
goes of these vessels the mills and factories of Petersburg furnished large 
contributions, and upon their return they brought large supplies of import- 
ed goods to fill the warehouses and stores of the merchants of the town. 
To transport upon the Appomattox the contributions to these ships made 
by Petersburg exporters and importers was the work of numerous lighters 
and arks, the business done by which, together with that of the lines of 
schooners that plied regularly between Petersburg and Xew York and be- 
tween Petcsburg and other Northern ports, during the period to which 
we refer, always gave the wharves of the town an appearance of life and 
activity in striking contrast with their appearance at the present time 
when the railways that radiate from the City carry so much of the freights 
that in former times were transported over the river. 

The Appomattox, however, continues to be of the greatest practical ad- 
vantage in securing to the people of Petersburg cheaper railroad rates 
than they would enjoy were this water-course not navigable between Pe- 
tersburg and City Point. The better the navigation of the Appomattox, 
the more reasonable the freight rates between Petersburg and every point 
accessible by water, the river serving as a competing transportation route. 
It is not, therefore, a matter of surprise that the citizens of Petersburg 
have long felt the importance of improving and keeping open the naviga- 
tion of this river, and ^t times have freely contributed money for the pur- 
pose. It is rather a matter of surprise that a ship canal to connect the 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 8l 

town with deep water, only eight miles distant, has not been constructed. 
There was, indeed, in 1S47, when the railroad to City Point was in a very 
dilapidated condition, a strong feeling among the people of Petersburg in. 
favor of a ship canal. The Common Hall, by a unanimous vote, ordered 
an election to be held on the 2nd of August, 1S47, to take the sense of 
the qualified voters of the town upon a proposition to expend $500,000 irt. 
making the proposed " ship channel," as the contemplated improvement 
was designated, the town to raise $300,000 of the amount, and the Leg- 
islature to be asked to subscribe the balance on behalf of the State. At 
the election so held, the people, by a large majority, approved the scheme^ 
but, with strange want of forethought, the Common Hall let the matter 
drop, and nothing more was done about it. 

As early as 1788 an Act of Assembly was passed providing for the organ- 
ization of a company who were given authority to deepen the channel of 
the Appomattox and to collect tolls on vessels, upon condition that the 
company should " make the said river capable of being navigated in any 
season, from Broadway to Pocahontas bridge, by vessels drawing twelve 
feet water." In 1792 an amendatory Act was passed, allowing the collec- 
tion of tolls when the river should be made navigable at any season between 
said points by vessels drawing nine feet of water. Nothing appearing to have 
been done under these Acts of 17S8 and 1792, in 1800 an Act was passed, 
providing for the organization of a navigation company, whose powers and 
privileges were substantially the same as the powers and privileges given 
to the company provided for under the act of 1788, but the new company 
was only required to make the river between Broadway and Pocahontas 
bridge navigable at any season by vessels drawing seven feet of water, as a 
condition to collecting tolls. In 1810 an amendatory Act gave the new- 
company seven years from March ist, 1810, within which "to complete 
the navigation of Appomattox river." 

Under the Acts of 1800 and 1810 some work under the direction of Bates 
and others was done, but none that permanently benefitted the navigatiort 
of the river. On the contrary, the condition of the river gradually became 
worse, until in 1824 the depth of the water in the channel was only three 
and a half feet on the sand bars at mean high tide and only six inches at 
low tide. The engineer, Albert Stein, in a pamphlet published in 1853, 
referring to the condition of the river at "Stop-bar," about two miles be- 
low Petersburg, says : 

" At low water, the main current passed through a very narrow winding 
channel across the bar, from the right to the left shore, leaving the exten- 
sive sand bank nearly dry; and even then the channel would not admit,, 
at very low Avater, in the river proper, the passage of a small canoe." 

In the year 1824 the General Assembly passed an Act providing for the 
incorporation of the "Lower Appomattox Company," a company which still 
exists, the city of Petersburg being the sole owner of all the stock under 
an Act of Assembly passed in 1S51, This Company was only required to 
obtain a depth sufficient for the navigation of vessels drawing six feet of 
water to entitle the Company to collect tolls. Organizing at once, the 
Company called to its service as engineer a foreigner, Mr. Albert Stein, to 
whom we have referred, and under his direction was done the first sys- 
tematic work in the way of improving the navigation of the river. From 
1S25 to 1829 Stein was engaged in the work and in the latter year obtained 
the depth of water contemplated by the Act of 1824. 

In 1852, when considerable interest was felt by the people of Petersburg. 



"82 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

in the im[->rovement of the Appomattox, the late Dr. Benjamin H. May, 
then a prominent physician of the city, stated that, in 1829, when Stein 
had conii>leteil his work and obtained a depth of six feet at high water over 
the bars, he. Dr. May, learned from John Randolph, of Roanoke, that tht- 
depth obtained by Stein was about the depth of water in the river when he. 
John Randolph, was a boy and lived at Matoaca. 

Dr. May at the same time (in 1852) mentioned another interesting Hict. 
He said that, when Stein had obtained a depth of six feet, he (Stein) was 
so sanguine of his capacity to obtain a depth of twelve feet — the depth 
contemplated in 17SS. and the depth now (1884) actually reached — as to 
offer to the town authorities (the Common Hall) to complete the work of 
getting the depth of twelve feet, iciihout salary, if the town would make 
further advances for the purpose. The Common Hall, however, declined 
the i)roposition, having expended §60,000. 

The work of Stein was done with skill, as was demonstrated by the fact 
that, during the period of twenty years from 1829 to 1849, although the 
river was entirely neglected, the depth in the channel was not only pre- 
served but increased. This appears from a report of a committee of the 
Common Hall made in 1849. 

In the last-mentioned year the people of Petersburg once more turned 
their attention to the improvement of the river, and during the succeeding 
eleven or twelve years they manifested the deepest interest in its naviga- 
tion, and began to take steps for its improvement. In I853 Congress made 
an appropriation of $22,500 for the pur])Ose, and with this money and with 
appropriations from the municipal treasury, in 1861, at the opening of the 
late war, the river had been greatly improved, ^'essels drawing nine feet 
of water came regularly to the wharves of the city. During this period the 
city grew and prospered as it had never done before. In a communication 
to the Index- Appeal, in 1881, a few days before his death, the late Henry 
D. Bird, whose work in planning and opening Puddledock Cut has 
brought him fame as an engineer, thus described the condition of things 
in Petersburg during the period to which we refer. 

"The streets of the city were soon filled with drays loaded with freight, 
coming to and from the wharves, and all the signs of an increasing com- 
merce were seen in our city. The hotels were thronged with strangers, 
and our merchants were beginning to feel that Petersburg was destined to 
become a great mart. The best proof of it is the fact that at that time the 
"Stately Iron Front Building, on Sycamore street, which would have graced 
Broadway in New York, was begun and finished. New warehouses and 
many handsome private buildings rose up in all directions, showing that 
the citizens were beginning to reap the benefits of their improvement of 
the Appomattox, and the sagacity of the Council in starting that work 
again." 

In 1861 the work of improving the river was, of course, suspended by 
the war. Referring to this in his letter above mentioned, Mr. Bird, after 
quoting the lines — 

" Alas, with the war came in 
The soldier, hard of heart, with bloody hand, 
.And conscience wide as Hell," 
says : 

" We had to prepare for the horrible spectre. The work on the river 
was stopped, and dredging abandoned, and the same energies that had 
been expended in deepening the river were now devoted to the task of 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 83 

damming it up to prevent this awful fiend from coming up to Petersburg 
to ruin the City. It is hazarding little to say that if both sections of the 
country had devoted themselves during the four years of war to rivaling 
each other in the arts of peace, our river improvement would have bee;i 
finished at this time. 

" But it was not to be. After the war the City Council immediately re- 
commenced, the work. The River Board was ordered to purchase a 
dredge, and under the direction of that indomitable veteran in managing 
the river improvement, Lemuel Peebles, they immediately commenced re- 
moving the dam. The Council appropriated money to resume the dredg- 
ing, and all work was soon going on again." 

In 1S69 a new Council took upthe work with increased energy and bor- 
rowed $200,000 to carry it on, with a view to obtaining a depth of twelve 
feet at mean high tide. In 1871 Congress appropriated $50,000 for the 
purpose, and has since made several other appropriations towards the im- 
provement. 

From 1871 up to the present time (1884) the improvement has been un- 
der the control of skillful engineers of the United States Army, and the 
fact that the depth of twelve feet at mean high water has been attained 
from the City harbor down to ship navigation, and that the river is now in 
a condition to require but little money annually to keep it in good order, 
attests the scientific character of the work done. During this period Lt.- 
Col. Wm. P. Craighill has been in charge of the work until relieved dur- 
ing the summer of 1S84 by Captain F. A. Hinman. 

Under the influence of the improvement which has been made, the river 
commerce of the City has greatly increased during the last three or four 
years, as will appear from the following statistical tables prepared from in- 
formation officially furnished by I\Ir. E. H. Stainback, the Port Warden of 
Petersburg : 

[Table A.] 

TOJS'NAGE OF THE PORT OF PETERSBURG FROM 1 87 7 TO 1 883 INCLUSIVE. 

No. of Vessels. Total Tonnage. 

1877 643 21,031 03 

1878 666 22,802 35 

1879 5S4 21,335 84 

1880 751 30*632 53 

1881 645 35*967 76 

1882 917 43*391 55 

1883 980 46,070 98 

[Table B.] 

RIVER COMMERCE OF THE PORT OF PETERSBURG. 

1880. iSSi. 1SS2. 1883. 
Inward .... 412,642 519,209 569,876 612,472 
Outward . . . 74,724 79*i54 181,763 196,458 

$487,366 $598,363 $751,639 $808,930 



84 HlSTOFIlAL AM) INDUSTRIAL 

THE LOCAL PRESS. 



The following facts connccteil with the history of the Pctetrsburg Press- 
were mainly compiled by the Rev. E. S. Gregory, and are now reproduced 
in a completed form for the benefit, chiefly, of our well-beloved brethren, 
the "Knights of the Scissors:" 

Mention has been made of the establishment of the Petersburg licpubli- 
caii, in the early part of the century. It was edited by Thomas Field, who 
married a sister of General Winfield Scott, and who killed in the market- 
place a shoemaker named John Cross, for wiiich he was acquitted on the 
ground of self-defence. The next editor of the Reptihlican was Colonel 
Edward Pescud, whose wife was a daughter of the celebrated Peter Fran- 
cisco. The Republican was continued for many years. After its suspension, 
another paper of the same name was started in 1S44 by J. M. H. Brunet, 
who sold it to AVilliam R. Drinkard, by whom it was published till 184S. 

On October ist, 1S2S, the first number of the Times (semi-weekly) ap- 
peared, with Thomas White as publisher and Francis G. Yancey as editor. 
It flourished for several years. 

The ConstcUiition was founded by Hiram Haines in 1835, and lived sev- 
eral years. In 1839 Mr. Haines started a short-lived paper called the 
Pcip O'Diiy. In 1S40 he began the Virginia Star, which also soon ex- 
pired. 

In 1S40 the American Statesman was started by Burwell «& Allegre, and 
by them sold to Charles Campbell, who discontinued it in 1843. 

The Little Cockade had a brief existence in 1841, under H. K. Ellyson ; 
and in 1858 the Daily Star had a similar experience, under the Rev. A. J. 
Leavenworth. 

Roger A. Pryor began the Sout/iside Democrat in 1849, '^"'-^ published it 
for three years, making it a specially lively and powerful organ of the Dem- 
ocratic party. 

Mr. Hicks, of Brunswick, established, in 1S55, the Kaleidoscope, which 
was issued for about two years. 

In 1855 Samuel B, Paul founded the Express, and soon afterwards sold 
it to A. F. Crutchfield and Co. The paper under their management was a 
great financial success, and was published throughout the war. In 1S65 ^" 
editorial article was published in it which the people, in that excited time,, 
thought to lean too strongly to the Northern side, and the popularity of 
the paper began to decline. It was then sold to O. P. Haines and William 
Campbell, who in turn sold it to T. J. Clark tS: Co. Subsequently, under 
the ownership of Smith & Carp, its name was changed to the Courier ; 
and when afterwards sold, first to Charles Peebles and then to E. B. Branch 
& Co., it reapi)eared as the Progress. In 1872 the paper was bought by 
Messrs. Venable, Gregory & Patteson, who re-christened it as the Appeal. 
In 1873 it was consolidated with the Index. 

Other press ventures were the following: The Press, in 1S57, by S. B. 
Paul; continued till the war. Prices Current, in 1858, by T. J. Clark; 
still published. The Conductor, in 1859, by J. R. Lewellen ; published for 
several years. In i860, the Bulletin, by Dr. William H. I' Anson, which 
was ephemeral. In 1867, the Advertiser, by L. Lyon and Jordan Stone; 
published two years. In 1S73, the Commercial, by R. E. Cain; lasted eight 
months. There was an earlier Commercial, under Bingham c\: Co. In 1875, 
the Star, by Star Publishing Company, William E. Cameron, editor; lasted 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



85 



eight months. And the Mail (evening edition of the InJex-Appcal), which 
was soon suspended. 

In 1865, soon after the war closed, A. M. Kedey and E. B. Branch 
established the Nctos, which, by reason of the vigor of its Southern utter- 
ances, was suppressed by order of General Gibbon. Its name was then 
changed to the Index. In was afterwards sold to Cameron, Sykes & Co., 
and thereafter to Chamberlayne, Sykes & Co. In 1873, as has been said^ 
it was consolidated with the Appeal, making the Index-Appeal, which was 
at first published by a Company of that name, under the management of 
R. P. Barham, who has since become, and is now, its sole proprietor and 
publisher. The Index-Appeal is now one of the best-paying newpaper prop- 
erties in the South. 

In 1873 the News was established by a joint-stock Company, and was 
suspended in 1875, soon re-appearing as the Post, which was published by 
R. H. Glass e^ Son, during its brief span of life. 

The Rural iMessen.irer was founded in 1S71 by Ege & Rogers, with the 










f5r^w*|j;:^l*(^S^||f 



W.M. L, ZLMMER & CO. S BOOK STORE, SyCA:M0RE ST. 

late T. S Pleasants as editor. Mr. Pleasants had also been editor of the 
Farmer's Journal, published years before by Charles LeRoy. The South- 
ern Planter and Farnu'r, now published in Richmond, was originally issued 
in Petersburg, and Edmund Ruffin was one of its editors. 

Two Republican papers have been started in Petersburg since the war — 
the Times, edited by Dr. Leitch, and the Virginia Citizen, edited by Ildo 
Ramsdell and J. A. H. Van Auken. All of these were Northern men, and 
their enterprises were short-lived. 

The JVeekly Letter Sheet, formerly Prices Current, and the Weekly Record, 
also a commercial journal, are published every Saturday, by T. Jefferson 
Clark. 

In January, 1883, The Mail \vq.s established by J. T. Pleasants and W. 
S. Copeland, as a morning daily newspaper, but was changed to an even- 
ing paper six months later. In January, 1884, Mr. Copeland retired from 
its proprietorship, and in the following June its issue was discontinued. 



86 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

The Trade Rcvieiv, a weekly journal devoted to general commercial in- 
formation, was founded by David May, Jr., on October, ist, 1SS3. and is 
well sujjported by our merchants. 

15esides the I ii'jcx- Appeal, daily and weekly, the Rural Messeiii^er, weekly, 
and the Weekly Letter Sheet, Weekly Record 'va\^ Trade Revieii<,^v,\\o{ \s\\\(:\\ 
are in thriving circumstances, Petersburg journalism is at the present time 
further represented by two weekly sheets known as the Lancet and the 
^ar of /ion, devoted to the interests of the colored race and conducted 
bv colored editors. 



PETERSBURG BENEVOLENT MECHANIC ASSO- 
CIATION. 



Like many another valuable institution which has eventually proved of 
great practical benefit to the community in which it flourished, this Asso- 
ciation owes it original formation to what might almost be termed an ac- 
cident. 

It happened in this wise : In the year 1824, the Congress of the United 
States had voted unanimously a resolution, requesting President Monroe 
to invite the Marquis de LaFayette to re-visit the United States. He ac- 
cepted the invitation, but declined the offer of a ship of the line for his 
conveyance, and, with his son and secretary, took passage on a packet 
ship from Havre to New York, where he landed August 15, 1824. He 
was received everywhere with great demonstrations of popular enthusiasm 
and visited ail the principal cities in the twenty-four States. 

Having arrived at Richmond, a deputation from our City was sent over 
to escort him to Petersburg. In the mean time the mechanics of 
Petersburg met together at the cabinet warerooms of Macky D. F Anson 
on Bank Street, and determined to do honor to the illustrious chief by 
erecting a triumphal arch on one of our main streets. While consulting 
together on the manner and means of accomplishing their purpose, infor- 
mation was received that the Marquis would arrive the next day at one 
o'clock, and as it would be impossible, in the short space of time interven- 
ing, to erect such a testimonial as would do credit to the occasion, the 
meeting was about to adjourn, when it was proposed to form an associa- 
tion of mechanics and manufacturers for a closer union, for mental im- 
provement, for the promotion of mechanical arts and sciences and for be- 
nevolent and charitable purposes generally. 

An adjourned meeting was held at the tavern of Richard F. Hannon, 
on Bank Street, on January 4th, 1825, at which was laid the foundation 
of the present prosperous Association. Luzon Whiting occupied the 
chair, and James Davidson acted as secretary. A week later a constitu- 
tion and by-laws were adopted, together with the name and style by which 
the Society is known. 

The following persons subscribed their names and occupations to the 
constitution, and then started an enterprise which has enlarged its pro- 
portions and usefulness to the present day : 

Luzon Whiting, tailor ; James Davidson, burr millstone maker ; Sceva 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



87 



Thayer, blacksmith ; Beverly Drinkard, carpenter ; Samuel White, cabinet 
maker ; William Cook, watchmaker ; George Zimmerman, tanner and cur- 
rier ; Joseph C. Swan, book binder ; John T. Dejarnette, cabinet maker ; 
John A. Ezell, bricklayer ; Thomas Jordan, carpenter ; Edwin Badger, 
cabinet maker ; Herbert B. Elder, coach maker; Daniel Lyon, bricklayer; 
Wm. Shanks, cabinet maker ; John Pollard, saddler ; Robert Ritchie, weav- 
er ; John Patterson, baker; M. D. I'Anson, cabinet maker; Wm. Har- 
wood, carpenter ; Francis G. Yancy, printer ; Wm. B. Ritchie, soap and 
candle maker ; Thomas B. Stroud, saddler ; William Cain, tailor ; Henry 
Shroyer, coppersmith. 

The Association was incorporated by an Act of the Legislature, passed 
February 2nd, 1826. The incorporators declared in the preamble to their 
application for a charter, that they perceived "with sentiments of deep re- 
gret" the disregard of self-culture among those practicing the mechanical 
■arts in the town, and that they were determined to remedy the evil as far 
as possible, by the formation of an Association having for its object the 
■disseniination of general and technical knowledge among that portion of 
the community. This was one of the first movements in the interest of 




SYCAMORE ST, 



technical education made in the United States. The Association has 
-done a good work as a public educator, and has proved a financial suc- 
cess. Its property (on the corner of Sycamore and Tabb Streets) is val- 
ued at over fifty thousand dollars and its technical library is the best in 
Virginia. The Association also possesses an interesting museum, com- 
prising collections of Indian implements, relics of the civil war and other 
curiosities, besides many creditable entomological and mineralogical speci- 
mens. The reading room is well supplied with all the leading American 
and English papers and magazines. 

On July 14th of this year (18S4) the Library Committee made the fol- 
lowing report relative to the condition at that time of the Library and 
Museum : 

" Since our last report the Library has been re-arranged, the books all 
classified, the cases numbered and labelled, and an entirely new catalogue 
made. 

" Two hundred and twenty-five volumes have been added during the 
year, as follows : from the United States Government, 13; by donation, 



HlsrOKICAl, AXU INDUSTRIAL 



13 ; by purchase, 159 ; magazines, ^rc, bound, 40 — making th> whole 
number of volumes now in the Library, 4,286. 

" 'J'he Museum has received a number of additions in the way of ores, 
minerals and various other curiosities, and is steadily growing in interest." 

The officers are : Wm. C. Lumsden, President ; Wm. H. Ba.xter, Sec- 
retary and Treasurer ; A. L. Archer, Librarian ; and the Directors are C. 
T. Williamson, J. >L Quicke, Wm. H. Tappey, A. A. Traylor, T. J. Green- 
how, A. S. Archer and P. AL Steward. 

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. 



As a matter of course — it might almost be said — Petersburg possesses a 
flourishing branch of this excellent organization, whose elevatmg influence 
is gratefully acknowledged by the whole community. It was established 
here in May, 1S80, and has now 210 regular members. Its present officers 
are: Freeman W. Jones, President; R. O. Egerton, Vice-President; 
judge Joseph S. Budd, Second Vice-President; Augustus Wright, Third 
Vice-President ; Dr. J. E. Moyler, Treasurer; J. B. Blanks, Recording Sec- 
retary, and C. A. ] Jcklider, Cieneral Secretary. "J'he Board of Managers 
consists of W. T. Plummer, \V. N. Jones, W. H. Tappey, J. AL Death, E. 
A. Hartley, J. A. Warwick, W. R. McKenney and J. M. Williams. The 
premises occupied by the Assoc'ation are on the second floor of the Odd- 
Fellows Hall, on Sycamore street, and comprise a Reading Room, Library, 
Parlor, Gymnasium, etc. The rooms are open to the public from 9 a. m. 
to 10 p. m. daily, and are well supplied with the leading daily and weekly 
newspapers, magazines, and other instructive literature, while the Library 
books are numerous and well selected. " All are welcome," is the legend 
which greets the eye of the passer-by, and gives expression to the hospi- 
table spirit which governs the Association. There is a public prayer- 
meeting every day at noon, and a Bible Class and Young Men's Aleeting 
are also well sustained, in addition to an attractive course of lectures dur- 
ing the winter season. 



THE PETERSBURG MUSICAL ASSOCIATION. 



^(f.% 




This Association, which enjoys a well-earned reputation in musical cir- 
cles throughout the country, was formed on the 26th day of August, 18S1, 
and may be regarded as the successor, as it also became the heir, of the 
" Petersburg Musical Club," which was dissolved about that time. 

Its principal object is to create an elevated and refined taste for the most 
elevating and refining of all the Arts, and to provide practical instruction 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 89 

in the science of Music to all who will avail themselves of its benefits. That 
these benefits have been duly appreciated by the ladies and gentlemen of 
the community is evidenced by the fact that the Chorus, which in iS8i 
comprised twenty-one voices, now numbers eighty-five, and has attained, 
through constant and faithful training, an exceedingly high state of culti- 
vation and efficiency. 

The Constitution of the Association provides for two classes of member- 
ship — the regular members, whose annual subscription is ^13, and the con- 
tributing members, whose subscription is $8. The latter have only the 
privilege of admission to the Association's entertainments, while the former 
enjoy the additional advantage of ownership in its property and of a voice 
and vote in its affairs. Music scholars, upon application by their teachers, 
are admitted to the entertainments of a whole season upon payment of $3. 

During the seasons of 1882, 1883 and 1884, the Association gave twenty- 
eight entertainments, and paid out to artistes alone, during that period, 
about $5,500. The attendance at these concerts exceeded 16,000 persons. 
It has also been the means of stimulating the musical fervor of several other 
Associations in this State and North Carolina, members of which have at- 
tended three annual conventions, held in May of each year, in this city. 
On May 26th to 29th of this year (1884) there was also a grand Music Fes- 
tival for both States held in our Academy of Music, which proved success- 
ful beyond the most sanguine hopes of its promoters. 

The Association gives an entertainment every month during the season 
(October to May inclusive) besides two or three extra concerts, and a series 
of musical entertainments at the time of the May Convention. The high- 
est available talent is engaged to assist the active members of the Associa- 
tion, and our people are thus given many opportunities of enjoyment such as 
rarely fall to the lot of those living at so great a distance from the Metrop- 
olis. At least once in each year nearly every great artiste in vocal and in- 
strumental performance in the United States may be heard within the 
walls of our Academy of Music, and it is very much to the credit of the 
management and the public that the Association shows an annual increase 
in strength, wealth and membership. 

Its present government is as follows: President, John Q. Jackson ; Vice- 
President, John McGiU ; Treasurer, T. S. Beckwith ; Secretary, J. William 
Friend. Board of Directors — John Q. Jackson, John McGill, T. S. Beck- 
with, J. W. Friend, J. T. Young, H. Noltenius, W. H. Baxter, Dr. J. W. 
Bryant, Dr. S. W. Budd, A. Rosenstock, Aug. Wright, W\ H. Cuthbert, 
George F. Jones, William R. Nichols, James M. Quicke, George J. Seay, E. 
B. Bain, J. E. Mason, Dr. David Steel, N. T. Patteson, Alexander Hamilton, 
L. H. Southall, C. D. Witherspoon, W. L. Zimmer and W. M. Habliston. 
Finance and Business Committee — John Q. Jackson, J, T. Young and T. 
S. Beckwich. Committee on Music — H. Noltenius and John Q. Jackson. 

On the principle of rendering tribute where it is most justly due, and of 
giving expression to a sense of obligation which is shared by the members 
of the Association, as well as by the community at large, it should be sta- 
ted that the gratifying success which has attended the career of this Soci- 
ety is attributable to the personal interest and efforts of the Directors in 
general, and, in a special degree, to the untiring energy and zeal of Mr. 
John Q. Jackson, the President of the Association, and Mr. H. Nol- 
tenius, the Conductor of the Chorus and Chairman of the Committee on 
Music — these two gentlemen being, beyond question, the leading spirits of 
the Petersburg Musical Association. 



90 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



THE BOAT CLUBS. 



Petersburg can boast of possessing two boat clubs whose names and 
colors are well known on the principal rivers of the State, as prominent 
contestants for the prizes given annually by the State Rowing Association. 
Last year, 18S3, when the State Regatta was held at Lynchburg, our se- 
nior club, the "Appomattox," won the French Cup, w-hich is the principal 
])rize conijieted for by the several clubs forming the State Association ; 
and our junior club, the "Cockade City," has won at each of the last 
three annual Regattas, and still holds, the Fredericksburg Challenge Cup, 
which is given to the club taking the second place. Each club is well sup- 
plied WMth four-oared gigs, single sculls, pleasure-barges and other boats. 
The boat houses are situated on the north side of the river, immediately 
above Pocahontas Bridge. The initiation fee to each club is $5, and the 
annual dues $12. 



THE APPOMATTOX I!. C. 



(Organized, August ist, 1S7S.) 

Officers: W, H. Cuthbert, President; T. F. Heath, Vice-President ; H. 
L. Plummer, Treasurer ; Carter R. Bishop, Secretary. 



THE COCKADE CITY D. C. 



(Organized October ist, iSSo.) 

Officers: R. W. Prichard, President; E. J. Bond, Treasurer ; Eugene 
Jones, Secretary. 



THE PETERSBURG BASE-BALL ASSOCIATION. 



This Association was organized during the summer of this year, 1884^ 
and numbers among its stockholders, of whom there are about fifty, many 
of our most substantial merchants and business men. The enclosed 
grounds of the Association adjoin the West-End Park, and are reached by 
the street cars, which i)ass the entrance gate. Considerable progress has 
already been made towards securing a good home nine, to compete with 
visiting clubs, and many excellent games were j^layed during the opening 
season. The present officers are : President, "\V. E. Butcher ; \'ice-Pres- 
idents, A. G. M. Martin, George Beadle, J. R. Belcher, R. AL Dobie ; 
Directors, W. E. Butcher, R. AI. Dobie, A. G. M. Martin, George Beadle, 
C. E. Burton, J. R. Belcher, W. M. Habliston, W. E. Badger, George 
Davis, W. J. Jarratt ; Secretary, J. Gray McCandlish ; Treasurer, Charles 
C. Alley. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBUKG, VA. 



91 




CENTRE HILL. 

The handsome old mansion which forms the subject of this sketch, was 
built during or about the year 1825, and succeeded " Bollingbrook Hill " 
as the family residence of the Boilings. Apart from its substantial advan- 
tages, central situation and park-like surroundings, it possesses historical 
associations of unusual interest, as will be seen by reference to the earlier 
pages of this book. Its grounds cover ten acres, bounded by Jefferson, 
Henry, Adams and Franklin Streets. The house originally measured 
eighty feet square, but it was remodelled in 1850, when the east wing, fif- 
teen feet wide, was added. It is a two-story, basement and attic building, 
fitted throughout with water, gas and other modern conveniences, and 
containing eighteen rooms, as follows : Four basement rooms, four main 
floor rooms — parlor, reception rooms and library — six bed chambers on 
the second floor and four attic rooms. It is very substantially construct- 
ed, the basement walls being three and a half to four feet in thickness. 
There are numerous out-houses, stables, gardeners' houses, servants' pre- 
mises and other detached accommodations, all of which are in excellent 
order. The above engraving is taken from a photograph of the south 
front. The property now belongs to the several heirs of the late Robert 
B. Boiling, Esq., and is for sale by his Executor, T. S. Boiling, Esq., by 
whom liberal and reasonable terms are offered. It is already a most de- 
sirable residence, and might, with certain alterations, be made eminently 
suitable for a great public institution — scholastic, benevolent or charita- 
ble — such as Virginia delights to endow. The surplus land might also be 
sub-divided into extremely desirable building lots, fronting upon one of 
the best residence streets in the City. This fact alone should render the 
property easily saleable, and it is to be hoped that some enterprising cap- 
italist, company or chartered institution will take advantage of the fine 
opportunity thus afforded. 



92 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



THE PETERSBURG GAS LIGHT COMPANY. 

AxXDREW KEVAN, Prksident. 

It is perhaps fortunate for Petersburg that her gas supply is in the hands 
of a private corporation, under the management and direction of some of 
her most prominent citizens, instead of being controlled by the City au- 
thorities and subject to the fluctuations and vicissitudes common to all 
the concerns of municipal governments. 

'I'he Petersburg Gas Light Company was organized in 1851, and began 
to furnish gas in the latter part of that year, under a charter from the 
State Legislature. 

The extensive gas works of the Company occupy the land at the south- 
east corner of Lombard and Madison Streets, and are thoroughly equipped 
with all the appliances necessary for the manufacture of the best gas. 
They use only the finest quality of coal to be had. 

Tiie capacity of the works is one hundred thousand feet of gas per day, 
and the supply reaches the consumers through si.xteen and a half miles of 
gas pipes. 

The capital stock of the Company is $130,000, and is all paid up. It is 
divided among about one hundred and twenty stockholders, more than 
half of whom are of the gentler sex. 

The present officers of the Company are as follows : President, Andrew 
Kevan ; Engineer and Superintendent, William H. Baxter ; Treasurer, 
William F. Spotswood ; Directors, — David B. Tennant. Alexander Don- 
nan, Dr. James Dunn, George H. Davis, and John McGill. 

In addition to gas, the company deals largely in coke of an excellent 
qualit)-, which is delivered to customers at reasonable prices. 

It is admitted on all hands that Petersburg is as well and as cheaply 
lighted as any City which depends exclusively upon gas for the illumina- 
tion of its thoroughfares, churches, stores and public buildings, while gas 
is very generally preferred to kerosene oil in the better class of residences, 
by reason of its good quality, cleanliness and exemption from danger of 
fire — for it is a well-established fact that the majority of accidental fires 
in private dwellings are caused by the careless handling of oil lamps. In 
the long run gas is the cheapest, safest and best artificial lignt for general 
use that has yet been discovered. 

The offices of the Petersburg Gas Light Company are in Mechanics' 
Building, corner of Tabb and Sycamore Streets. 



i 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



93 




THE ANDERSON SCHOOL AND BOYKiy, BLAND & CO. S TOBACCO FACTORY, 
WASHINGTON STREET. 

PETERSBURG STREET RAILWAY. 



As is well known to the readers of history, Petersburg suffered more se- 
verely than any other Southern city from the wasting effects of the Civil 
War, and when Peace returned to the fair but bankrupt land, in 1865, it 
almost seemed that Petersburg's ruin had been finally accomplished, be- 
yond hope and beyond remedy. It followed, therefore, that her recupera- 
tion was slow, when compared with other and less unfortunate trade cen- 
tres, and for some years she languished and dropped behind. But the turn- 
ing point was reached at last, and active vitality again became the order 
■of the da3^ New buildings and other improvements appeared on all sides; 
home industries revived and alien capital came here in search of invest- 
ment ; bui there was still something wanting, and it could not be denied 
that Petersburg remained " behind the times." The street-car was not seen 
on her thoroughfares, and the jingle of the car-bells was a sound as yet un- 
known to her people, 

On November ist, 1882, however, the following communication was re- 
ceived by the City Fathers, in monthly session assembled : 
To the Honorable Common Council of the City nf Petershurg : 

Your petitiouer, George Beadle, of Syracuse, iu the State of New York, on behalf of 
himself and such other persons as may be associated with him, respectfully represents to 
your honorable body, that he and his said associates desire to lay down and operate a 
street railway on the following streets in the City of Peterhburg, to-wit : Second, Kiver, 
Rock. Old, Sycamore, Washington, West, Farmer, the street next adjoining the West- 
End Park on the East, Oak, Halifax and Liberty Streets, and also upon such other streets 
as may be selected, under the superintendence of a committee of your honorable body, 
for the laying down and oi)eratiug of such Railway ; the cars on said Railway to be run 
on every day in the week, incliiding Sunday : to be drawn by horses, and the fare for a 
single passenger not to exceed five cents ; the track to be a single track, with centre-bearing 
rails, with conveniently-located tiirn-outs, and the property to be exempt from taxation 
for City purposes for a period of ten years from November 1st, 1882. And your Peti- 
tioner accordingly respectfully i^rays that your honorable body will grant unto him and 
bis said associates exclusive authority to Iciy down and operate upon said streets such 
Railway upon the terms aforesaid, and under such reasonable regulations as your honor- 
able body may prescribe. [Signed] Geokge Beadle. 



94 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



Two days after the receipt of this petition, an adjourned meeting was held, 
at which the Common Council unanimously adopted an ordinance granting 
the prayer, with such necessary restrictions as the comfort and convenience 
of the public reipurcd ; and in the following month, December, 1882, the 
energetic pruprietor began the construction of the Railway, which was 
completed and put into operation in September of the next year (1883.) 
The track, which is four mile? in length, and connects the passenger and 
freight depots of the Norfolk and Western, Richmond and Petersburg, and 
Petersburg and Weldon Railroads, with West-End Park, on one line, and 
with the end of Halifax Street, on the other, is thoroughly well laid, hav- 
ing the usual bed of granite and cobble-stones and patent swit<:hes. Al- 
ready there is plenty of traffic to employ the twelve cars now in use, and 
Mr. Beadle intends shorty to increase the number, having been granted 
permission to extend the Railway as far as the Central Lunatic Asylum — a 
distance of two miles. Iksides this principal extension, it is proposed tO' 
lay tracks along South Sycamore Street to the foot of " The Heights," and 
also to the Cemetery, at Blandford. When this is done, all the suburbs 
will be embraced within this beneficent system, and every part of the City- 
will bexiirectly connected with the railroads, markets and principal stores; 
the value of suburban property will be greatly enhanced ; building in the 
outskirts of the city will be encouraged ; industries will be stimulated by 
the easy accessibility of cheap land whereon to erect factories; the public 
convenience will have been subserved to an extent almost impossible to es- 
timate, and Mr. Geoge Beadle will have established himself still more firmly 
in the esteem and respect of a grateful community. During the fifteen 
months which have elapsed since the opening of the Street Railway, five 
hundred and twenty-nine thousand passengers have availed themselves of 
its comforts ; and the city has been no loser by its wise liberality in exempt- 
ing the Railway property from taxation, for the land all along the line, and 
in the suburbs which it penetrates, has increased very considerably in its 
actual and taxable value, as a direct consequence of this improvement. 
The enterprise so far has been profitable to all concerned; it is to be hoped 
that it may soon become lucrative to its deserving founder. 




%- -_. 



'^:^Sj; 



AUGUSTUS WRIiHr S SHOZ STORE, 

SVC A MO \£ sr. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



9S> 



RAILROADS. 




THE NATURAL BRIDGE OF VIRGINIA. 

:o: 

THE PETERSBURG RAILROAD. 

About the loth of February, 1830, an Act was passed by the General' 
Assembly incorporarmg the Petersburg Railroad Company, and Commis- 
sioners were appointed to receive subscriptions to its stock, which at first 
was only $400,000, divided into shares of ^loo each. The Road was to 
run "from Petersburg to some convenient point on the North Carolina 
line," and the survey was begun in December, 1S30. A month later 
(January, 1831,) the contract was awarded to build the road from Peters- 
burg to Jarratt's, in Sussex County, a distance of about 30 miles, and in 
the Summer of 1S32 arrangements were made for extending it to Blakely, 
in North Carolina, about 60 miles from Petersbnig, which was accom- 
plished by the ist of October, 1833. 

The methods of railway construction in those early days were necessa- 
rily somewhat primitive. The prototype of the fine steel rail of to-day- 
was a piece of strap iron, about three-quarters of an inch thick and two 
and a half to three inches wide, nailed on to tne wooden rail which, in its 
turn, rested on the ties. The first locomotive used on this road was built 



96 



HISTORICAL AM) INDUSTRIAL 



in England, and the cars were modeled after the old English stage coaches 
and carried about eighteen ])assengers, inside and out. The freight cars 
were four-wheeled conveyances called wagons, and carried about three 
tons each. The first president of the Petersburg Railroad Company was 
iJonalil iMcKenzie. At a meeting of the stockholders held in ^iarch, 
1836, Henry D. IJird, the chief engineer, reported that the Comjjany had 
in use 100 wagons, 5 coaches and 7 engines. He stated that his heaviest 
engines weighed, including fire and water, 6 tons, 6 cwt., and were each 
capable of drawing from 20 to 25 wagons, carrying in the aggregate 60 to 
70 tons of produce. Mr. Bird gave it as his opinion that it was injudi- 
cious to run a passenger train at a greater speed than 15 to 18 miles an 
hour. Hitherto the passenger fare had been 8 cents per mile, but this was 
reduced in iS36to si.x cents. Ten cents per ton per mile was the charge 
;for freight, or ten dollars for the whole distance. The Company was re- 







^^-^ 




ROSENSrOCK >.'>: CO. S DRV G0< 



-1 'Ui:, NO. I IRON FRONT, 



stricted by an Act of 1836 from paying dividends in excess of 15 per 
'Cent. (!) after paying all debts and setting aside a reasonable sum for re- 
newal, repairs and construction. Meanwhile Blakely had been abandoned 
as the Southern terminus of the road in favor of Weldon, N. C, and the 
Company had acquired the power to form connections with other roads 
leading South. In 1841, the Portsmouth & Roanoke Railroad had beer 
authorized to sell one-half of that portion of their road lying South ol 
Gary's, N. C, and half of the bridge at Weldon, to the Petersburg Rail 
rttad Company. The IJoard of Public Works was directed, in 1846, tc 
sell the Portsmouth iV Roanoke road, and the purchasers were incorpor 
ated as the Seaboard cv' Roanoke Company. Competition between these 
roads was prevented by the regulation of fares and other rates. 

In 1853 the Greensville ^S: Roanoke and the Petersburg railroads were 
consolidated, the charter of the latter to govern the whole. In 186 1. b\ 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



97 



an ordinance of the Virginia Convention, the Petersburg Railroad and 
the Richmond & Petersburg Railroad were authorized to connect their 
rails through the City, which was done. 

This road is the principal highway connecting Petersburg with the vast 
railroad system which traverses the whole of the Southern States and is 
consequently one of the principal arteries of our trade. All the cotton 
received here for manufacture or transmission comes over its metals. At 
Weldon it connects with the Raleigh & Gaston Road, leadmg to Raleigh, 
the Capital City of North Carolina. Connection is there formed with the 
Raleigh & Augusta Road, which intersects the Carolina Central Road at 
Hamlet, and so connects with Charlotte, Asheville, Columbia and Augus- 
ta — all railroad centres whence direct communication is maintained with) 
all Southern points from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi. 





ALEX. WILSON S GROCERY STORE, SYCAMORE ST, 

THE CITY POINT RAILROAD. 



The next Company incorporated was the City Point Railroad, whose- 
charter is dated January 26th, 1836. Its stock was fixed at $150,000,. 
and the charter was to expire if work was not begun within two years. 
Ten acres of land at City Point and two at the Petersburg terminus were 
permitted to be held. William E. Hinton was elected the first president. 
Next year the Company was authorized by the Council to extend its line 
into the town, and the Board of Public Works assumed six hundred shares 
of its stock. In 1847 the road was transferred to the City of Petersburg, 
by whom it was sold in 1854 to the Southside Railroad Company, and was 
eventually included in the Act of Incorporation of the Atlantic, Mississip- 
pi & Ohio (now the Norfolk & Western) Railroad. 

The length of this road is nine miles, and connects Petersburg directly 
with deep water navigation. Freight is transferred at City Point to the 
steamships of the various lines carrying passengers and freight to and 
from New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Richmond, Norfolk, and other 
points North, East and South, The importance of this line to our pro- 
ducers, manufacturers and merchants cannot be over-estimated, for it 
brings the City into direct, rapid and inexpensive communication with the 
great markets of the Atlantic seaboard. 



98 



mSTORICAF, AND IN'DUSTRIAL 



TlIK RICHMOXD .V- riyiERSBURG RAILROAD. 

By an Act of March r4tli. 1S36. the Richmond c^- Petersburg Railroad 
Company was cliartered. Books for stock subscriptions were opened at 
both termini, and the capital was fixed at j;3oo,ooo, which was increased 
in 1S43 to $685,000. In 1S65 the Company was authorized to issue cou- 
I^on bonds not exceeding $175, 000 to rel)uild the James River bridge and 
the depots, workshops, ^:c., destroyed at the time'of the evacuation. The 
first president of the road was Holden Rhodes, and Moncure Robiiison 
was its original engineer. In 1871 the controlling interest which the 
State had from time to time acquired in this Road was disposed of, dur- 
ing the " Railroad War " of that year, to Gen. J. R. Anderson, H. K. El- 
lyson, and other leading citizens of Richmond, for S-oo ])er share. 

At Richmond this Road connects with the Fredericksburg cS: Potomac 
and other systems, branching off in endless ramifications to all points at 
the North and West. 

Midway between Petersburg and Richmond, at the village of Chester, 
a narrow-gauge line connects tliis road with the Clover Hill Coal Pits in 
Chesterfield County. 




T. A. rAL.MKRS GROCERY STORE, HALIFAX ST. 

THE NORFOLK AND WESTERN RAILROAD COMPANY. 

This important system was inaugurated by the incorporation of the 
Southside Railroad, in 1S46, and on March 13th, 1S49, o^ ^^he Petersburg 
& Lynchburg Railroad, with a capital of $1,000,000. An Act of the same 
date transferred to the City of Petersburg all the State's stock in the Pe- 
tersburg & Roanoke Railroad, to be applied to the construction of the 
Southside Railroad. Ten years were allowed for the completion of the 
Road, and if the work was not begun in three years the subscription was to 
revert to the State, and the Southside Company was to e.xtend its line so as 
to connect with the Richmond ^: Danville Road, at Burkeville. In 1850 
the city was authorized, by a popular vote, to subscribe $200,000 to the 
stock of the Southside Railroad, and another Act authorized the increase 
■of the stock in the sum of $800,000. to enable the Company to continue its 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



99 



road to Lynchburg. The gauge of the road was required to correspond 
with that of the Richmond & Danville and the Virginia & Tennessee 
railroads. In 1S54 the Company was authorized to buy the City Point Rail- 
road, and to issue bonds, convertible into stock, for the purchase money. 
By an Act of April iSth, 1S67, the Southside Company was consolidated 
with the Norfolk & Petersburg and the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad 




Companies, and became the Atlantic, Mississippi & Ohio Railroad Com- 
pany, under the Presidency of General Mahone. In Ji-^ne, 1876, by a de- 
cree of the United States District Court at Richmond, this consolidated 
Road was placed in the hands of Charles T. Perkins and Henry Fink, as 
receivers, by whom its affairs were administered until early in 1S82, when 
it was sold to satisfy the claims of the bondholders, and became the prop- 



lOO HISTORICAL AND INDLSTRIAL 

er;y of a syndicate incurpjrated as the nori olk and wi.stern railroad 

CO.Ml'ANY. 

The Norfolk iV Western main line extends from Norfolk, Va., at the 
mouth of Chesapeake May, to 15ristol, Tenn., the distance beiny four hun- 
tlred and eiL,dit miles. At Bristol it connects with the Kast Tennessee, Vir- 
ginia ^: Geori,na Railroad. It is intersected at lUirkeville by the Rich- 
monil ^r Danville, at Lynchburg by the Virginia Midland, and at Roan- 
oke by the Shenandoah Valley Railroads. 

The New River Division of the Norfolk and Western is seventy-five miles 
long, starting at Central, forty miles west of Roanoke, and having its pres- 
ent terminus at Pocahontas, in the great Flat Top coal region, with its inex- 
haustible stores of the fme-t coal, suitable alike for steam purposes and the 
production of a first-class coke for blast-furnace use. Other extensions and 
branch lines are also being constructed for the purpose of reaching the 
vast and varied mineral wealth known to exist in the sections penetrated 
by this Road. 

The Norfolk «S: Western is one of the Railways forming the gigantic 
system known as the Virginia, Tennessee <.\: Georgia Air Line, which, 
with its connections, traverses that vast section of the United States lying 
east of the .Mississippi and its tributaries, and embracing much of Mary- 
land, Virginia, Tennessee, \Vestern North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and 
Mississippi, which, possessing in a remarkable degree those great resources 
of individual and national wealth represented in the products of field, for- 
est, mine and water-jjower, presents also an array of scenic attractions, un- 
surpassed throughout this supremely-favijred land. 

With coal and iron side by siile in unlimited quantities and of superior 
quality, all through the mountainous region of Western Virginia, there is 
no end to the future possibilities of this great system. In writing of the 
advantages which the territory traversed by these lines offers to the Iron 
Master, Mr. Andrew S. McCreath, chemist to the State Geological Survey 
of Pennsylvania, writes, under date March, 1883, as follows : "The ores are 
abundant and generally of good quality; they can be economically mined, 
for the country in many localities is broken up by numerous ravines afford- 
ing natural openings for mining operations ; most of the deposits are within 
convenient distance of the Railroads — with easy down grades; the water 
supply, either for washing ore or for manufacturing purposes, is ample and 
permanent at all seasons ; limestone for fluxing purposes exists in unlimited 
quantities ; coke of the finest quality for blast furnaces can now be obtained 
at a reasonable cost ; and the Railroad facilities for reaching markets in 
every direction are unusually good — thus forming a combination of circum- 
stances rarely equalled." 

THE VIRGINIA .V- CAROLINA RAILROAD. 

Another important line is at this time in course of construction, which, 
when completed, will prove a valuable feeder to our tobacco, cotton and 
general produce markets. Its charter name is the Virginia & Carolina 
Railroad, and it will run in an almost straight line from Petersburg to 
Ridgeway, in Warren County, North Carolina, a distance of 77 miles, tra- 
versing the Counties of Dinwiddle, Brunswick and Mecklenburg, in this 
State, and connecting at Ridgeway with the Raleigh iS: Gaston Road, which 
in its turn connects with the Great Southern System of Railroads. 

This Company is also building a line twenty miles in length from Ham- 
let to Cheraw, in North Carolina, which will be continued through Cam- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. lOI 

den to Columbia, Aiken and Augusta, Ga., thus completing as straight a 
line as could be drawn between Richmond, Va., and the last named city, 
and having an advantage of nearly one hundred miles over the existing 
routes, with lighter grades and superior construction. Road stations will 
be built at convenient places along the line wherever the amount of busi- 
ness will justify the expense. 

Thus centrally situated, with railroads radiating to every point of the 
compass, with direct and easy access alike to the cotton fields of Ala- 
bama and Mississippi, the orange groves of Florida, the grand forests 
and succulent meadows of Southwest Virginia and the fertile plains of 
the North ; the rich mineral deposits of the mountains and the varied re- 
sources of the sea ; with a continuous supply of tobacco for our factories 
and cotton for our looms ; it is not to be wondered at that the practical 
business men of Petersburg look forward to her future with confidence, 
even as they regard her past with honest pride. 



OUR COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS- 

:o: 

PETERSBURG CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 

This important body, which was organized on March 8th, r88x, com- 
prising nearly all the prominent and influential merchants of the 'city 

practical business men, whose ripe experience and high character entitle 
them to public confidence and specially qualify them to guide, control and 
protect the mercantile interests of the community. 

The following is the present government of the Chamber : President 
E. B. Bain ; First Vice-President, David Callender ; Second Vice-Presi- 
dent, R. T. Arrington ; Secretary and Treasurer, J. Gray McCandlish • 
Directors, R. M. Dobie, J. T. D' Alton, W. T. Plummer, N. B. Prichard,' 
W. H. Tappey, J. A. Warwick, Alex. Wilson, F. W. Jones, Aug. Wright' 
Jas. S. Gilliam, Jr., C. E. Burton, Samuel J. Hurt, W. H. H. Bagwell' 
Bartlett Roper and Mark E. Kull. 

A general meeting of the Chamber is held in the parlor of the Y. M. 
C. A., in Odd Fellows Hall, on the second Tuesday of the months of 
January, April, July and October, and the Board of j3irectors meet at the 
same place on the second Tuesday of every month. 

PETERSBURG TOBACCO ASSOCIATION. 

The commercial and industrial life of the city may be said to be almost 
wholly dependent upon the Tobacco trade, in its various branches, and it 
is therefore of the highest consequence that this particular trade 'should 
be fostered and encouraged with the utmost solicitude, and carefully forti- 
fied against all adverse possibilities, from within or without. With these 
objects in view, our Tobacco Association was organized on August icth 
1866, and has labored faithfully since that date in the fulfillment of its 
mission. 

Its present officers are as follows ; President, W. L. Venable • Vice- 
Pi%sident, S, P. Arrington ; Secietary and Treasurer, John M. Ba'nister • 
Auctioneer, James T. Tosh ; Board of Directors, George Cameron, Robt! 
A. Martin, J. M. Parham and E. B. Bain. 

The Association meets daily (except Saturday) in the hall of the To- 
bacco Exchange, corner of Sycamore and Washington streets. 



msrORICAI, AND INDUSTRIAL 



PETERSBURG RAILROAD ! 

THE GREAT DIRECT THROUGH ROUTE 

TO THE SOUTH 

AND THE SIIORTICSI' LINE IX) 

AI^I, ATUNTIC C0A3T CITII^S ! 




THREE PASSENGER TRAINS DAILY. 

\\T Til PALACE CARS ON ALL DAY, AND PULLI\LAN SLEEPERS 

ON ALL NIGHT TRAINS, 

CONNECTING AT WELDON WITH 

WILMINGTON & WELDON # RALEIGH & GASTON R. Rs, 

NO CHANGE OF CARS 
BETWEEN WILMINGTON AND WASHINGTON. 

And Sleepers running through from BOSTON, to JACKSONVILLE, 
FLORIDA. The most direct and pleasant route between the North and 
South. 

^W^ Through Tickets and Baggage Checks to all principal points North 
and South. 

FREIGHT TRAINS Jeave Petersburg daily, making close connections 
with trains on W. (S: W. and R. & G. Railroads at Weldon. No transfers 
between Petersburg and Wilmington or Charlotte. 

Genera/ Superintendent. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. IO3 



NORFOLK AND WESTERN RAILROAD. 

THE GREAT TRUNK LINE 

—TO THE 

S©IJTM AND SOUTHWEST, 

LYNCHBURG AND BRISTOL. 



THE QUICKEST AND MOSLDIRECT ROUTE TO 

CHATTANOOGA, ATLANTA, 

DECATUR, BIRMINGHAM, 

JACKSON, MOBILE, 

MEMPHIS, MONTGOMERY, 

NASHVILLE, NEW ORLEANS, 

HOT SPRINGS, GALVESTON, 
_AND— 

All Texas and Trans-Mississippi Points ! 

—VIA— 

MEMPHIS AND TEXARKANA, 

—OR VIA— 

ISTEW ORl.EA]?irS AXI> HOUSTOX. 



PUllMAK PAlAi3ESBBPIM©CAHS 

Between Lynchburg and ITew Orleans, and between 
Lynchburg and Memphis 



C^^TICKETS ON SALE AT ALL COUPON OFFICES."© 

JOS. H. SANDS, General Superintendent. 
A. POPE, General Passenger Agent. 
H. V. L. BIRD, Agent N. & W. R. R. Petersburg, Va., 



ro4 



Hl>l-OKUAI, AND INUUS'IKIAL 



THE OLD RELIABLE, 



'Tirjinia, Mm m Ssor^ia liir-Li!is. 

l-ROM 

BOSTON, PROVIDENCE,^,NEW YORK. 

Philadelphia ami Baltimore, 

AND FROM 

Norfolk, Petersburg, Riohmond and Ujnchljurg, 

TO ALL POINTS 



bjS?^ Through Hates Given and duick Time Made. All Claims for 
Damages or Overcharges Promptly Adjusted. 

This Line is composed of Merchants' & Miners' 'J'ransportation Co. 
from Boston and Providence ; Old Dominion S. S. Co., from New York ; 
Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore R. R. and Clyde Line Steamers 
from Philadelphia ; Baltimore Steam Packet Co., from Baltimore ; Norfolk 
& Western (A. M. & O.) R. R, ; East Tenn., Va. & Georgia R. R. ; Mem- 
phis & Charleston R. R. ; Nashville, Chat. & St. Louis R. R. ; Western & 
Atlantic R. R. ; Selma, Rome & Dalton R. R. ; Alabama Central R. R. ; 
Vicksburg & Meridian R. R. ; IMobile & Ohio R. R. ; Illinois Central R. 
R., and their connections. 

Have your goods marked VIRGINIA, TENN. & GA. AIR-LLNE. 

Agents: C. P. Gaither, 290 Washington Street, Boston ; E. H. Rock- 
well, India Point, Providence ; Thom?s Pinckney, General Eastern Agent, 
•^03 Broadway, N. Y. ; John S. Wilson, 44 S. Fifth Street, Philadelphia ; 
W. P. Clyde & Co., 12 South Wharves, Philadelphia; W. H. Fitzgerald, 
157 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore. 

Agent Clamis'and[E.\pen.sc's, Norfolk, Va. 



CxUIDE TO PETF.SKURG, VA. 105 

STEAMSHIP AND STEAMBOAT LINES. 



The time was — and not much more than a quarter of a century ago — 
when Petersburg was regarded as a sea-port of some importance, and 
many ships owned by her merchants made regular trips between City 
Point and Europe, besides a number of smaller vessels engaged in the 
coasting service. In those good old days the Appomattox was a much 
frequented highway, and steamers of light draft were necessary in trans- 
porting outward and inward freights between the wharves of the City and 
the sea-going vessels at the Point. Of late years, however, this species 
of traffic has been almost entirely suspended, and Petersburg's direct in- 
tercourse with the outer world is now carried on principally by means of 
the railroads and the steamships plying between Richmond and the Atlan- 
tic ports, calling at City Point to receive and deliver Petersburg freights. 
Shipping facilities of this kind are plentiful for all practical purposes, the 
fine steamers of the Old Dominion Line carrying our passengers and 
freight to and from New York and Norfolk ; those of the Clyde Lines, to 
and from Norfolk, Philadelphia and the Carolinas ; and those of the Vir- 
ginia Steamboat Company, to and from Richmond, Newport News, Nor- 
folk and all the James River Landings, making close connection at Nor- 
folk for Baltimore, and other points, the connection between Petersburg 
and City Point being made by the City Point branch of the Norfolk and 
Western Railroad. 

COASTWISE AND WEST INDIA 



STEAM %x^^^ LINES, 




Between New York and Charleston, S. C, New York and Wilmington, 
N. C, New York, Hayti and San Domingo, Philadelphia, Richmond and 
Norfolk, Philadelphia and New York, Philadelphia and Charleston, S. C, 
Philadelphia and Washington, D, C, and Alexandria, Va., Baltimore, Nor- 
folk, Newberne, and Washington, N. C. 

Philadelphia, Richmond and Norfolk Line. 

WM. P. CLYDE L CO., General Managers, 

No, 35 Broadway, N. Y., and 12 South Wharves, Philadelphia. 
JAS. W. McCARRICK, General Southern Agent, Norfolk, Va. 
CHAS. H. SHELTON, Agent, Petersburg, Va. 



io6 



HISTOKICAI. AND INDUSTRIAL 



OldBommSteansliip Company. 




Tri' Weekly BETWEEN PETERSBURG 



isroi^:FOi-.:K: 



VIA CITY POINT. 



YOI^IC. 



One of the magnificent Iron Steamships, (Iuvando i tk, R(.a\(.kk, Old 
Dominion, Seneca, Wyanoke, Manhattan, Richmond leaves New York 
for Norfolk and City Point, from Pier 26, foot of Beach Street, North 
River, every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 3 p. m. Leave City 
Point for New York, Tuesdays, Fridays and Sundays. Leave Norfolk for 
New York, Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Saturdays. For hours 
of sailing, see Petersburg and Norfolk daily papers. Passenger accommo- 
dations unsurpassed. 

N. L. McCREADY, President, 

197 Greenwich Street. New York. 
For freight or passage apply to the following Agents ; G. W. Allen & 
Co., Richmond ; Culpeper & Turner, Norfolk, and 

JOHN M. WEST, Petersburg and City Point. 

Virginia Steamboat Company's 

Newport News, Norfolk and James River I^andingB. 

Passengers from Petersburg take the S a. m. 
train every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, 
connecting closely at City Point for above named, 
places. Fare to Newport News or Norfolk, $1.40. 
Fare to Baltimore $4.40. 

Close connection at Norfolk same afternoon for Baltimore and points 
North and West. Splendid Steamers. No transfers. No dust. Beauti- 
ful and Historical Scenery. 

L. P. TATUM, Superintendent, Richmond, Va. 
CHARLES H. SHELTON, Agent, Petersburg, Va. 




GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 107 

ATTRACTIVE HOMES IN TOWN AND 
C OUNTR Y. 

[contributed by SIESSES. PYLE & DEHATEN.] 

Petersburg and its vicinity abound in cheap and attractive homes which 

offer special inducements and advantages to all classes of immigrants 

native and foreign — not to to be surpassed in any other section of this 
country. 

Five railroads centre here from different directions, and one canal. It 
is the terminus of navigation of the Appomattox River, and is at the 
head of tidewater. Schooners, ships and steamers of fifteen to eighteen 
feet draft come to our wharves from any of the ports of the United States 
or foreign countries. The export of tobacco, cotton, flour, grain, &c., from 
Petersburg to foreign countries is of vast importance to the agricultural 
and manufacturing interest. 

An extraordinary vastness of natural water-power exists for a number of 
miles up the Appomattox River, along which are dotted, on both sides of 
the river, cotton mills, flouring mills, paper manufactories and other ma- 
chinery, employing thousands of hands and causing marked demands for 
all kinds of country produce. At least twelve steam tobacco factories are 
located in the City, each employing from two to eight hundred hands, 
and purchasing at good paying prices, all the tobacco brought to the mar- 
ket, and thousands of dollars are weekly paid to hands employed in these 
factories. 

The business of Petersburg extends through all of Southside Virginia,, 
upper North Carolina and East Tennessee. 

Farm lands in the vicinity range in price from $2 to $100 per acre, ac- 
cording to location and improvement ; and the climate is not equalled in 
its adaptability to the cultivation of every variety of cereals, fruits and 
vegetables ordinarily grown in any of the States, either North or South. 

Virginia will be, in a few years, one of the first farming districts in the 
United States. A rapid tide of immigration has turned in this direction. 
The large plantations are being divided up into small farms and sold to- 
Northern, Western and European farmers, who, with their natural thrift 
and enterprise, are making the waste places to bloom with the various 
products which this climate is adapted to. No part of our country offers 
to settlers such a combination of advantages as Southside Virginia. Every- 
where will be found, near at hand, virgin soil, original timber, unused 
water power and inexhaustible mineral deposits ; ample facilities for trans- 
portation exist, and the best markets are near at hand. The climate is 
good, the winters are short and mild, and the country healthy. The land 
is level, free of stone, and capable of raising any kind of grain. 

Tobacco, corn, cotton, wheat, oats, rye, peanuts and buckwheat are the 
principal crops. 

Sweet and Irish potatoes, melons, and all kinds of vegetables, are also 
raised to a large extent. Fruits of all kinds do well here, from early 
strawberries and apricots to late winter apples. Early vegetables and small 
fruits are being cultivated for Northern markets, having several weeks' 
earlier maturity and thus gaining for the producer the early high prices. 

Winter especially has its attractions and advantages in comparison to 
the North and West. Being very short and mild — with little snow or 
frost — farmers are enabled to work on their land through nearly the whole 
winter, so that the ground is ready at the earliest planting season. 



1 ^ mSIuRICAL AND INDLSTRI Al, 

Cattle and sheep require but little shelter or feeding ; sheep especially 
are never fed unless there happens to be snow on the ground. 

'J'he above are all i)ernianent natural advantages in favor of this section, 
and are rapidly developing in the minds of Northern and Western i)eople, 
who are beginning to jiurchase while land is yet cheap — some a small farm, 
others a large one, ami occasionally several thousand acres for a colony. 
It is already a fact that every neighborhood consists of a large proportion 
of immigrant families. 

[COXTRIBI'TED BY CAPTAIN .JOHN C. OBIFFIN.j 

Few States offer so many advantages to immigrants as do all sections of 
Virginia. Its mild, healthy and equable climate, exempt alike from the 
rigorous winters of the North and the heated summers of th«:; South ; its 
central position, geographically considered, superior market facilities by 
land and water, and great diversity of soil and crops, destine her, in the 
near future, to take front rank among the agricultural States of the Union, 
as her inexhaustible mineral wealth and water power will, when developed, 
enable her to take prominent position with the first mining and manufac- 
turing States. No State is better watered, being traversed by some of the 
finest rivers on this Continent, such as the Potomac, James, Roanoke, Ap- 
pomatto.x, and innumerable smaller streams, which afibrd an easy and cheap 
transportation to the markets of the world of her varied products, and wa- 
ter power to turn millions of spindles. Her people are intelligent, kind, 
hospitable and law-abiding, and extend a hearty welcome to all honest and 
industrious immigrants settling in tl^eir midst, come from where they may, 
without regard to religious views or political opinions. 

This portion of the State— the vicinity of Petersburg — is gently undula- 
ting, neither hilly nor level, with a soil varying from sandy loam to heavy 
clay — both having a fine clay sub-soil. Crops embrace everything, nearly, 
of grain or fruit grown in the north temperate zone. The chief staples are 
tobacco, wheat, rye, oats, corn, peanuts, potatoes, sweet and Irish ; mel- 
ons, fruits, <S:c., tlvrc. Stock — horses, hogs and sheep — are also raised in 
considerable numbers and at paying prices. 

This section is as healthy as any in America, and none is more exempt 
from epidemic diseises — typhoid and lung diseases are very rare — and 
many of tiie most jirevalent and fatal diseases of the North and Northwest 
are unknown. These diseases not only do not prevail, but the climate has 
cured numbers who have settled here from the North since the war. 
These are a few of the advantages of this section, and when taken in con- 
nection with our cheap lands and public school privileges, we are con- 
strained to think that we only need population to develop her slumbering 
resources — to make her future as prosperous as her past has been honor- 
able. 

In consequence of negro emancipation, an entire change has been ne- 
cessitated in our labor system, and, consequently, in our mode of farming ; 
smaller areas are cultivated than formerly, and a more thorough cultiva- 
tion prevails ; the result is. most of our farmers own more land than they 
can use advantageously, and are therefore offering their excess at very low 
prices, and are anxious to sell. There are others compelled to sell their 
entire farms; and many who, owning several farms, reserving alone their 
homestead, sell their remaining lands. Many of these farms are valuable 
old homesteads, with comfortable dwellings, necessary farm houses, fruit, 
timber, ivrc, and can be purchased, frequently, for less than the buildings 
cost. 



GUIDE TO PETERSRURO, VA. 

VIRGINIA 



109 



—AND— 

MINERAL LANDS, 
WATER-POWER 



I 



_AND— 



CITY PROPERTY, 



FOR SALE BY 



LAND BROKER, 
14 BOLLINGBROOK STREET, 



no HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

C. H. PVLE. K. W. DeHAVEN, 

Pyle gv DeHaven, 
REAL ESTATE AGENTS, 

—AND— 
ALSO AGENTS OF 

Virginia Iininigration Society. 

OFFICE IN MECHANICS BUILDING, lABB STREET, 



WE OFFER GREAT BARGAIN'S IN 

FARMS,TIMBER LANDS 



-AND- 



CHEAP LANDS, GOOD MARKETS AND EXCELLENT CLIMATE. 
WRITE FOR CIRCULARS CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 

TOBACCO. 



Siablime Tobacco I which from East to West 

Cheers the tar's labor or the Turkman's rest ; c-. 

Which on the Moslem's ottoman divides 

His hours, and rivals opium and his brides ; 

Magnificent in Stamboul, but less grand, 

Though not less loved, in Wapping or the Strand ! — 

— llie Island. 

Situated on the Eastern boundary of the tobacco-growing section of 
Virginia, and in the direct line of railroad transportation to the sea-ports 
of the Atlantic and the great cities of the North and East, Petersburg 
has always enjoyed extraordinary advantages as a mart and distributing 
point for the raw material, and also, of late years, as a locality eminently 
suited to its manufacture. The facilities of communication which the 
City has heretofore possessed with her back country are about to be in- 
creased by the devehjpment of navigation on the Upper Appomattox 
and by the construction of the Virginia & Carolina Railroad, both of 
which arteries pass through some of the finest tobacco land in this State 
and North Carolina. Ever since her foundation, the town has been the 
depot for the tobacco grown within the district naturally tributary to her 
— from the days when the hogsheads, were rolled along the public high- 
way to market, down to the time when the freight cars of the old South- 
side and the Petersburg & Weldon Railroads offered the planters a less 
expensive and far more expeditious method of transmitting their pro- 
duce — and as tobacco has always been the most valuable, if not the prin- 
cipal, crop cultivated in the surrounding counties, it has naturally exer- 
cised a ruling influence upon the whole commercial history of Petersburg. 
Until comparatively recent times, indeed, the pulses of the various mar- 
kets have been very sensitive to tho rise and fall in the current quotations 
for leaf tobacco, and as this product has furnished an immense field for 
speculation, the general commercial interests of the City have, in times 
past, experienced the extremes of buoyancy and depression in response to 
the fluctuations of the leaf market. This, however, was more perceptible 
when Petersburg was noted rather as a depot for leaf tobacco than as the 
great manufacturing centre which she has since become. The amount of 
money kept in circulation no longer entirely depends, as it formerly did, 
upon the weight and value of the crops, but is governed, in a great meas- 
ure, by the activity or idleness of the large tobacco factories which have 
grown up since the war and are to-day the main support of the City. In 
the manufacture of a pound of tobacco more money is expended in wages 
alone than the aggregate profits of the planter, who grows the leaf, and 
the middleman, who sells it, and any one of our larger factories contrib- 
utes more to the general prosperity to-day than did, in former times, the 



112 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

whole host of brokers, speculators and " private buyers" whose dimin- 
ished ranks are occasionally deplored. It is a noteworthy fact, moreover, 
and one which very materially affects the permanent welfare of all classes 
in the community, that the manufacturers for the Export Trade, of whom 
there are several in the City, draw, almost exclusively, on England for 
their shipments, thus introducing, on an average, about j£y,ooo sterling, 
per week, of foreign money to be expended here in the purchase of leaf 
tobacco, machinery, iSrc, and in wages. 

The tobacco grown in this section of Virginia, and manufactured into 
plug and twist in the Petersburg factories, has never lost its ancient pres- 
tige in the foreign markets, in spite of vigorous and aggressive competi- 
tion on the part of Western and Northern rivals ; and in Australia, New 
Zealand, India and other distant lands where these products are largely 
consumed, a box, to be thoroughly a])preciated, must show unmistakable 
proof of having been prepared of leaf grown in the land of Powhatan 
ami Pocahontas, where the ])lant attains the perfection of development, 
without the rank flavor and woody stem of the Western leaf, and where it 
acquires its peculiar sweetness and aroma from the exact suitability of the 
soil and climate; while in its skillful preparation for the markets of the 
•world, our manufacturers have no superiors, and few, if any, equals, in the 
United States or elsewhere. This one article of commerce has made the 
name of Petersburg familiar in every quarter of the globe, as well as in 
every State and Territory of the Union, and it is always associated with 
a much prized luxury, whether heard within the frozen belt of the Polar 
Zone or beneath the scorching rays of the tropical sun — in the mining 
camp of the Far West or on the sheep-run of the antipodes. 

Our manufacturers, it must be remembered, have to compete with the 
unlimited capital of the North and the indomitable -'push " of the West, 
and it is therefore by the intrinsic merit of their products alone that they 
have been able to hold their own in the past, or can hope to do so in the 
future. This applies to the Domestic as well as to the Foreign Trade, 
but it is in the latter branch that Petersburg stands pre-eminent. Of the 
53,539,352 pounds of manufactured tobacco exported from the United 
States during the last five years, Petersburg has contributed 19,260,015 
pounds, or 1,413,565 pounds more than one third ! Within the same pe- 
riod 26,121,000 pounds has been manufactured here for the Home Trade, 
makinga total of 45,381,015, or a yearly average of 9,076,203 i)oun(ls, in the 
preparation of which the manufacturers expend annually in material and la- 
bor nearly $2,500,000, the greater p:irt of which goes immediately into the 
hands of our retail merchants, while the tax paid by the former during 
the last fifteen years towards the support of the Federal Government ag- 
gregates a sum greater than the taxable property of all kinds in the City 
to-day. The value of the "plant" employed in the manufacture of to- 
bacco in Petersburg is estimated at between $500,000 and $600,000. 

An examination of the subjoined tables, compiled from official figures, 
will reveal some interesting facts in relation to the Tobacco Trade of this 
^Citv. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



113; 








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lll> 1 >.)KK AL ANIJ 1M)1.>1R1A1 



LEAF TOHACCO. 



I^s3. 

lo.7i;o hbils 

2.207 " 

184 '• 



4,032 hhds. 
412 tierces. 
7.S3 Lbds. 



10.707 Lbcl.s. 
1,520 '• 
12 " 

3,0sl bbds. 

307 tierces. 
1,330 bbds. 



luspectiou? for tbe year eudiug September 30tb, 
Stock ou baud (iuspected) 
Stock ou baud (for iuspectiou) 

Shipments of leaf tobacco fn'.l coa«»twise) 

.stems 

Sales of loose tobacco. 5,440,511 pounds. 4,(!3r.,718 pouuds. 

<:0\rPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE TAXES COLLECTED 

FROM MANUFACTURED TOBACCO. 

1S77 to 1883, inclusive. 



YEAR. 


Tax Collected from 
Tobacco manufactur- 
ed in tbe U. S. 


Tax Collected from to- 
bacco iijauufactured 
in Virginia. 


Tax Collected from to- 
bacco manufactured 
in Petersburg. 


1877 


e 27,053.072 38 

25.320.153 08 
24,7Q3.874 00 

21.170.154 40 
22.833,287 (iO 
25,033.741 07 
24,834,051 80 


8 7.032.220 78 
0..501,730 20 
0,448,546 88 
5.781.400 58 
0.003,105 75 
0,226,308 30 
4,764,228 40 


81,073.508 06 


1878 


1,151,147 04 


1870 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 


805,474 26 
746.732 90 
0()6,057 38 
706.505 29 
577,033 71 






Total 


$170,955,236 19 


$43,717,549 98 


$6,116,548 64 



Note : On June Otb. 1872, tbe tax on manufactured tobacco was reduced from 32 
cents to 20 cents per pouud. On Marcb 3d, 1875. it was increased to 24 cents, and on 
May Ist. 1870, again reduced to 16 cents. On May 1st, 1883, tbe tax was fixed at 8 
cants per pound, aud so reai\ius at tbe present time. 



TOBACCO WAREHOUSES. 



" From time immemorial " — which means, in this particular instance, 
from the early days of Petersburg's establishment as a town, and the sys- 
tematic settlement of the surrounding counties — tobacco, as has already 
been shown, has ever been the most important factor in the mercantile 
welfare of this district, and the warehouses, on the floors of which the loose 
leaf is bought and sold and the hogsheads stored and sampled, have neces- 
sarily been the vital centres of the tobacco' trade. There are four of these 
warehouses in Petersburg, one.of them, " Moore's." being in private hands, 
and the other three, namely, " Centre," " West-hill " and " Oaks," remain- 
ing under the control of the State authorities. Millions of pounds of loose 
leaf tobacco are sold at auction at these warehouses every year, and thous- 
ands of hogsheads and tierces are sampled and inspected for manufacture 
or shipment. Farmers bringing their produce to town find excellent ac- 
commodation for their wagons and horses at these warehouses, without 
charge, and every effort is made by their respective managers to insure the 
comfort of their guests. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. II5 

S. W. VENABLE & CO. 

[established in 1853.] 

While it may safely be asserted that there are few dealers in tobacco 
throughout the length and breadth of this fair Continent, or in the more 
important of the markets beyond the seas, to whom the name of this firm 
is unfamiliar, it is by no means probable that the magnitude of its opera- 
tions is generally appreciated, even within hearing distance of its factory 
whistle. Nor would it be easy to point out many instances, even in this 
land of miraculous developments and infinite possibilities, in which intelli- 
gent enterprise and persevering energy have more strikingly met with their 
legitimate reward, than the record of this flourishing house affords. 

More than thirty years have passed into history since Mr. S. W. Venable, 
the head and founder of the firm, began handling tobacco in this market, 
and during the whole of that period the business has been steadily increas- 
ing and ranks to-day among the half-dozen largest tobacco-manufacturing 
establishments in the United States, if not in the World. Some idea of the 
rapidity of its growth may be gathered from the fact that in 1866 — the year 
after the termination of the Civil War — the amount of tobacco manufac- 
tured and sold by this firm was about 700,000 pounds, while it now pro- 
duces over 4,000,000 pounds annually, consuming between 4,000 and 5,000 
hogsheads of the raw leaf. 

The factory is three and a half stories high, fronting 150 feet on Byrne 
street, by a depth of 250 feet, and is well supplied with every device in 
modern machinery for the manufacture of all varieties of plug and fine 
bright twist tobaccos. It employs, in the busy season, eight hundred hands, 
thus supporting nearly four thousand persons, or about one-sixth of the 
whole population of Petersburg ! 

In 1875, Mr. S. W. Venable admitted his son, Mr. E. C. Venable, to 
partnership, and the firm is now composed of these two gentlemen. 

The field of their home-trade is bounded only by the limits of the Uni- 
ted States, aud they export to Great Britain, Australia, India, South Amer- 
ica and the West Indies, making a specialty of fine bright navy tobaccos 
for the foreign and domestic markets. 

Among the principal brands manufactured by this house are "Admira- 
tion," "AmotLyle," "The Chief," "Nimrod," '• Vinco," "St. George," 
''Bacchante," "Hester," "Mogul," -'Perfection," "Live Oak" and 
"E. C." 

The firm also deals extensively in leaf tobacco for shipment abroad, and 
is one of the large buyers on the floors of our tobacco warehouses and at 
the Tobacco Exchange. 



i6 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSlKIAl 



W^[. CAMERON cV BRO. 

Tobacco is the stai^le product of Virginia, and the development of its 
trade must ever be matter of deep interest to all who are conierncd in the 
welfare of the State; and, in the same ratio, its manufacture, wh ch con 
stitutes Petersburg s principal industry, cannot fail to engag^ the onrne t 
attention ..f the business and professional classes of the communis foj 




large proportion ol the 



upon Its success depends the very existence of a 
city's now thriving poi)ulation. 

Conspicuous among the pioneers of this most im|)ortant branch of trade 
stands the firm of Wm. Cameron .V Bro., consisting of William Alex' 
ander and George Cameron. For many years past the management of this 
extensive and increasing business has received the energetic as well as the 
progressive personal attention of Mr. George Cameron, whose skil'l and 
success have extended the firm's operations, year bv year, until the present 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



117 



day. They are now among the largest exporters of manufactured tobacco 
in the country, and their many leading brands, among the best known of 
which may be mentioned the "Raven," "Havelock," "Two Seas," 
"Orion," "Canary," "Our Chief," '• Peach and Honey," "Mazeppa" and 
" Pluck," are famous the world over, wherever the virtues of superior aro- 
matic " Cavendish " and "Twist" are appreciated. This would appear 
to be chiefly the case in Australia and New Zealand, whither the bulk of 
Cameron & Bro.'s products are shipped, although large quantities are also 
consumed in India, South Africa and Great Britain. In addition to the 
manufactured article, Messrs. Cameron & Bro. are extensive shippers of 
strip (stemmed) and leaf tobacco. 

On the corner of Perry and Brown Streets, in this City, stands " Camer- 
on's Factory." a handsome, lofty and imposing structure of modern archi- 
tectural design, which a city many times Petersburg's size might well be 
proud to own. It occupies the site of the firm's original factory, which 
was burned to the ground in 1878. It is four stories high, with an orna- 
mental cupola, and has a front on Brown Street of one hundred and eighty 
feet by a depth on Perry street of two hundred and forty feet. The'offi- 
ces, warehouse, engine-house and drying-rooms occupy separate buildings, 
which form a spacious quadrangle, affording ample room for the special 
work of each department. But of still higher importance than even sub- 
stantial and capacious buildings, is the machinery with which the various 
styles of plug, twist and navy tobacco are prepared, and in this respect 
Cameron's factory is splendidly equipped. In 1856 hydraulic pressure was 
first applied, by apparatus invented and patented by Mr. William Cameron, 
and ever since that date improvements have been introduced from time 
to time until perfection has at last been attained. The machinery, which 
is manufactured from designs specially prepared for this factory, is run v/ith 
three boilers with capacity of two hundred horse-power, and a sixty-horse 
power engine. 

This establishment alone employs over six hundred hands wJiich 

means, in other words, that it feeds nearly three thousand mouths. The 
firm also owns and operates a large and perfectly-appointed factory in Rich- 
mond, which is managed by Mr. Alexander Cameron, under the name and 
style of Alexander Cameron & Co. 

In addition to these, the firm has in operation three extensive factories 
in the Australian cities of Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide, respectively, 
the former of which has recently been enlarged and improved at a cost of 
over ;^2o,ooo. At each of these factories Messrs. Cameron & Bro. have 
also found it necessary to establish their own bonded warehouse to facili- 
tate the conduct of their enormous local trade, and these warehouses are 
under the charge of officials detailed for that special duty by the Colonial 
Governments. All the Australian affairs of the concern are under the per- 
sonal management of the senior partner, Mr. William Cameron. 



Il8 HISTORICAL AND IND'JSTRIAL 



D. B. TEXXANT & CO. 



Among the large manufacturers of tobacco for the export trade, to whose 
combined success is mainly due the fame which Petersburg has acquired in 
the ^^'orld of Commerce, the firm now under review occupies a conspicuous 
and honorable position. It was founded as long ago as the year 1843, ^y 
Messrs. Robert Dunlop, now deceased, and D. B. Tennant, the surviving 
partner and present head of the concern, under the style of Dunlop .S: 
Tennant. In 1S65 Mr. Tennant admitted to partnership Mr. David Dunlop, 
a nephew of his late partner, and the name of the firm was changed to D. 
B. Tennant & Co. 

Besides being the heaviest exporters of manufactured tobacco to the 
markets of the Old World, to South America, the West Indies and the Is- 
land groups of the Pacific Ocean, the house of D. B. Tennant cS: Co. enjoys 
the further distinction of seniority over every other similar establishment 
now existing in Petersburg. 

The factory, which employs about four hundred hands, is in all respects 
adapted to the requirements of the large and still increasing manufac- 
turing operations of the firm. It comprises a splendid three-story brick 
building, situated on East Washington street, covering an area of 100 
by 200 feet, and fitted throughout with all the latest and best adapted 
inventions in the way of machinery, which is driven by powerful steam en- 
gines. This establishment is thus enabled to manufacture and export an- 
nually an enormous quantity of plug and twist tobacco, of various grades, 
and comprising many popular and famous brands, amounting in the aggre- 
gate to over a million and a half pounds. Of these brands, the following 
are among the best known, namely: "Thomas R. Shellard," "Belle of 
Virginia," " Harlequin," " Elephant," " Captain Cook," " Derby," " Emu," 
"Lothair," "Bellevue," " EUerslie," "Fair Maid," "Kohinoor," "Faith- 
ful Lover" and many others of almost equal popularity, and all composed 
exclusively of the choicest Virginia leaf. 

In the markets of India, London, Liverpool and Australia, these fine 
tobaccos are in the greatest demand, and three of the brands, viz., " Belle 
of Virginia," " Kohinoor" and "Bellevue," earned the highest award — a 
gold medal — at the Calcutta exhibition of i883-'84. 

The firm of D. B. Tennant «S: Co. is regarded in commercial circles gen- 
erally, at home and abroad, as one of the most substantial manufacturing 
houses in the United States, and the industrial interests of Petersburg are 
indebted, in a peculiar degree, to its progressive and long-sustained enter- 
prise. 

These gentlemen are also largely interested in Petersburg property, other 
than that connected with their tobacco factory, and although the cares and 
responsibilities attaching to them as proprietors of this important business 
are necessarily many and onerous, one or other of them is sure to be found 
on the Board of Directors of nearly every sound corporation doing busi- 
ness in the city, and it is to such men and such houses as D. B. Tennant 
& Co. that all thriving centres of trade and industry owe their credit and 
prosperity. 

II ^■ •nBr i 4 '»- ■ 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



119 



WATSON & McGILL. 

The development of the Tobacco interest is so intimately allied to the 
past, present and prospective commercial prosperity of Petersburg, that 
any considerable enterprise which is calculated to foster and supplement 
this development must necessarily be regarded with favor by all who have 
the real welfare of the city at heart. Capital is the nursing mother of sue- 




cess, and its free but judicious application to the requirements of enlarging 
industry is not only a sure guarantee of a healthy and vigorous maturity, 
but also a decided indication that the controlling and dispensing hand is 
directed by those correct mathematical principles which the experience of 
ages has taught us to regard as well-nigh infallible. Among many legiti- 
mate causes for self-gratulation, Petersburg can boast of several examples 



120 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

in support of this theory, and, with no desire to be lavish of compliment in 
any si)ecial direction, it may be fairly said that the foregoing remarks ap- 
ply with convincing force to the firm whose name is placed at the head of 
this article. 

For many years past, Messrs. Watson & McGill have been extensively 
engaged in the manufacture of plug and twist tobacco for the foreign 
trade, towards the supply of which Petersburg contributes more largely 
than any other city in the United States. Gradually but surely the busi- 
ness of the firm has grown in importance, and has latterly assumed such 
extended proportions that, in 1883, the old three-story factory on West 
Washington street, although of considerable Capacity and measuring two 
hundred by si.vty feet, was found to be cjuitc inadeciuate to the in- 
creased and increasing reciuirements, and a handsome new wing, of ecjual 
height and covering eighty by forty feet of ground, was added and fitted 
up with the most approved appliances — the whole forming one of the most 
commodious and complete tobacco manufactories in the country. 

The force employed in this busy establishment numbers about four hun- 
dred experienced hands, and the article they turn out finds much favor in 
the eyes — and mouths — of the dwellers in distant lands. The markets 
of Europe and Australia are the principal channels through which the pro- 
ducts of this factory find their way to the consumers, and among the nu- 
merous brands which have been most directly instrumental in spreading 
the name and fame of Messrs. Watson & McGill, at home and abroad, as 
among the most capable, reliable and enterprising manufacturers of Vir- 
ginia's great staple product may be mentioned : " Black Swan," " Over the 
Water," "New Zealand Joys," "Triumph," "International," "Peach 
Basket," "La Honradez," " Le Grand" and "McRac," besides many 
others, the popularity of which is necessarily limited to the markets for 
which they are specially manufactured. 



WILLIAMSON .V' ROUTH. 

The most conspicuous building in the western suburbs of the city is the 
three-story brick' tobacco factory of this firm, situated on South Street, 
near the basin of the LTpper Appomattox Canal. The business was founded 
in 1S60, by the senior member of the firm, Mr. J, P. Williamson, who car- 
ried it on successfully for twenty years alone. In 18S0 Mr. James E. Routh 
was admitted to partnership and the present firm established. The fac- 
tory, which is well supplied with all necessary machinery for the manufac- 
ture'of all kinds of plug and twist, and for the preparation of foreign leaf 
and strips, employs from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and 
fifty hands, and is capable of putting out 5,000 pounds of manufactured 
tobacco a day. Its products are shipped to Europe, Australia, India and 
the West Indies, where they have become very popular and enjoy a steady 
demand. The principal brands manufactured by this firm are " Vuelta 
Abajo," most of which goes to Havana, and "Two Flags," which finds its 
market in London. Messrs. Williamson <S: Routh are now giving more at- 
tention than heretofore to the process of stripping and preparin g for ship- 
ment those grades of raw leaf tobacco which are most adapted to the for- 
eign trade, and their large factory is kept busy in^^all its various depart- 
ments. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 121 

BOYKIN, BLAND & CO., 

[successors to C. a. JACKSON <i; CO.] 

Late on the night of October 13th, 18S4, during the prevalence of a high 
wind, and at a time when the town and country were still suffering from 
the effects of an almost unprecedented drought, and everything above 
ground was literally " as dry as tinder," the clanging bells rang out the 
fire-alarm with such persistence that hundreds of people who had retired 
to their beds turned out to ascertain its cause. The unnatural glow in the 
western sky and the volumes of ruddy smoke rolling southward from the 
Fourth Ward, plainly indicated the direction of the disaster, and it was 
soon known throughout the city that the magnificent tobacco factory of C. 
A. Jackson & Co., on High street, one of the oldest and largest in the 
United States, was in flames. For hours the fire raged furiously, and when 
it was at last extinguished there was nothing left of what had been but 
yesterday the busy scene of happy and profitable labor, save a shapeless 
heap of smouldering ruins. So great a loss had not been experienced in 
Petersburg for many years from a similar cause, but it was announced at 
once that the business of the firm would be resumed as soon as suitable 
premises could be secured. 

" 111 blows the wind that profits nobody," sang the infallible Bard of 
Avon, and experience has demonstrated that some advantage may be 
reaped from even so destructive an event as a conflagration. However that 
may be, it is certain that the immense business of C. A. Jackson & Co., 
which was established in the year 1868, and has contributed largely since 
that date towards building up the industrial interests of Petersburg, had 
not received its death-blow, nor even a permanent injury, by the loss of 
the factory. This very circumstance, on the contrary, has been made the 
occasion of introducing new blood and reorganizing the concern, which is 
now composed of Messrs. Robert H. Boykin, John B. Bland and Charles 
A. Jackson, all practical men, of long experience in the tobacco trade, who 
s.icceed the late firm of C. A. Jackson & Co., whose famous brands of 
bright and dark plug tobacco they are now manufacturing. These latter 
are too well known to the trade and the public to require more than casual 
mention here, for there are few lovers of the fragrant weed in Virginia, 
North Carolina, Texas and the Southwest generally, who have not rejoiced 
in the use of " Old Hickory." "Spring" or Jackson's Best," — the last- 
named having also a large demand in many of the Northern States. 

The temporary premises of Boykin Bland & Co. are the buildings for- 
merly occupied as a tobacco factory by McEnery & McCulloch, adjoining 
the Anderson School Building, on West Washington Street, an engraving 
of which is shown on page 93. It is a three-story brick building fitted with 
steam and hydraulic presses and all other machinery employed in prepar- 
ing brands of the finest quality. It has a manufacturing capacity of 
1,500,000 pounds of pkig and twist tobacco a year, and employs three hun- 
dred hands. This arrangement will enable the firm to fill the most pres- 
sing orders until the burned factory has been replaced. 



,^ 



•^ 



/^ 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



JOHN H. MACLIN. 



This gentleman, who has been engaged in the manufacture of plug and 
twist tobacco in Petersburg since the year 1868, is the successor of the firm 
of Maclin & Wallace, of which he was also the head. He occupies and 
operates the fine three story brick factory situated on the corner of Wash- 
ington and Jefferson Streets. The dimensions of the main building are 
120x40 feet, and the capacity of the factory is four thousand pounds a day. 
Mr. Maclin turns out all styles of plug and twist tobacco and ships them 
to the uttermost parts of the earth. In the lumber camps of Canada and 
in the populous cities of Europe, in the Australian " bush " and in the lux. 
urious "bungalow" of Hindostan, on the pampas of South America and 
on the diamond fields of Cape Colony, on the sugar plantations of the 
W^est Indies and in the cinnamon gardens of Ceylon, wherever, in fact, the 
" plant divine, of rarest virtue " is known and loved — and where is it not? 
— such brands as "The Correct Thing at Last," "Black Hawk," " Mistle- 
toe," " Star of Virginia," and a great many others manufactured and ex- 
ported by Mr. John H. Maclin, of Petersburg, are sure to be found, claim- 
ing their fair share of public notice and receiving their fair share of public 
patronage. 

Mr. Maclin employs about a hundred hands, and has recently reinforced 
his machinery with a fine forty-horse power steam engine, steam presses, 
lump machinery, etc., to which he contemplates making further additions 
very shortly. All his shipments to the foreign markets are made through 
Messrs. Joseph D. Evans & Co., of New York, who are sole agents for all 
his brands. 

In addition to his plug and twist factory, Mr. Maclin is largely engaged 
in the purchase and re-prizing of leaf tobacco, and this department of his 
business is conducted in a large framed structure, 80x44 feet, on Jefferson 
Street, adjoining the main building. This is devoted exclusively to the 
finest grades of leaf tobacco for the Austrian market, and is nearly all sold 
to the Agent for that Government. 

Mr. Maclin is one of those who are bound to progress with this progres- 
sive age. He is rapidly replacing what still remams in his factory of the 
"old methods" by new machinery of the most approved type, and will 
shortly be able to turn out a million pounds of manufactured plug and 
twist, annually. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I23 



W. D. BARKLEY & CO. 



This enterprising firm of tobacco manufacturers, whose factory and offi- 
ces are at Nos. 52 and 54 Bank Street, opposite Short Market Street, was 
established in 1879, and consists of Messrs, W. D. Barkley (formerly of the 
firm of Maclin & Barkley) and R. L. Judkins, both of whom are practical 
and experienced manipulators of the " sublime weed." They put up sev- 
eral styles of bright and dark plug and twist tobacco for the domestic and 
foreign trade. Their factory is run by steam and water power, and has* 
a capacity of over two thousand pounds a day. 

Their principal brand manufactured for export is " O. K." Twist, and 
this is mostly shipped to the South American markets and those of the 
"West and East Indies. 

For the domestic trade they prepare several special brands, among 
which those in the greatest demand are, "Rip Rap," " Hobson's Choice," 
"Barkley's Best," and "U & I." These meet with a readj' sale in Vir- 
ginia, Pennsylvania and North Carolina, and the factory is taxed to its ut- 
most capacity to keep pace with the orders. 

This factory also produces some very popular varieties of granulated smo- 
king tobacco, among which should be particularly mentioned " Canary 
Bird," "Captain Jinks" and "I. X. L." These, and many others, have 
maintained their original standard of excellence for so long a period that 
they have become firmly established in public favor, and the demand for 
them is steady. 

The establishment of W. D. Barkley & Co., while not pretending to rival 
some of the colossal manufacturing houses which are the pride of Peters- 
burg and the mainstay of her industrial prosperity, is, nevertheless, a use- 
ful and reliable contributor to the enormous aggregate of production which 
has made this city one of the principal tobacco markets of the world. Pe- 
tersburg has the best of reasons for glorying in her commercial import- 
ance, which has been earned for her, to a preponderating extent, by those 
of her citizens who are engaged in the manipulation of tobacco, either 
as manufacturers or dealers, and among these W. D. Barkley & Co. oc- 
cupy a creditable position. 

MANUFACTURER OF ALL STYLES OF EXPORT AND TAX-PAID 

No, 21 Lombard Street, Petersburg, Virg:inia, 



124 HISTORICAL AND INDl'STRIAL 



ROBERT C. OSBORNE. 



Conspicuous among tlie nuiny hantlsome and substantial edifices which 
have arisen within the last few years as unimi)eachal)le witnesses to Peters- 
burg's commercial enterprise and industrial vitality, stands the new three- 
story brick tobacco factory of Mr. Robert C. Osborne, 90x40 feet, which 
occupies the northwest corner of Henry and Fourth streets, in this city. 

The business was founded in 1839 by Mr. E. H. Osborne, father of 
the present proprietor, and was conducted by the former until his death, in 
1876. The original factory, which was situated on Jefferson Street, was 
destroyed by fire in 1S72, when Mr. Osborne rented a temporary factory 
on Lombard Street, whence he has recently removed to his new building, 
which is fitted throughout with api)ropriate modern machinery. 

Many well-established and ])opular brands of plug, twist and bright to- 
baccos are manufactured at this establishment, namely: " Minnie," " Myr- 
tle," "Autumn," "Laurel Leaf," " The Surprise," " Phoites* Compli- 
ments," "Eagle," " Cabaniss," " Dol|)hin's Bride," "Van-Dyck," "Vir- 
ginia's Offering," " Black Crow," " Ottham " and " Zephyr," all of which 
are prepared specially for direct e.\i)ort to the markets of London, Liver- 
pool, Cilasgow, Norway, Sweden, Oermany, Holland, Belgium, France, 
Spain, Austria, Portugal and South America. 

For nearly half a century this house has been among the leading con- 
tributors to the export tobacco trade of the city. That the reputation 
of its products has been fully maintained up to the present day is evidenced 
by the increasing demand for the above-mentioned brands, while no surer 
guarantee for future excellence could well be offered than that which is 
afforded by the honorable and prosperous career of this establishment dur- 
ing the past forty-five years. 

W. H. HALL, 

MANUFACTl'KEK OF 

Cigars and Smoking Tobacco, 



MANUFACTUICKH OV FINE CIGARS AND DEALER IN 

CHEWING AND SMOKING TOBACCO, 

103 WASHINGTON ST., Opposite Jarratt's Hotel, 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I25 

A. J. CAMPBELL & CO. 

[successors to JOSEPH E. VENABLE & SON.] 

In considering broadly the immense Tobacco Trade of Petersburg, it is 
only natural that attention should be principally directed to those two im- 
portant branches which most materially affect the public weal, namely, the 
sales of leaf — loose and in hogsheads — at the several warehouses, and the 
manufacture of plug and twist, for the domestic and foreign markets, at 
the splendid factories reviewed in the foregoing pages ; and it is equally 
natural that, in view of these prominent interests, the more modest estab- 
lishments engaged in the manufacture of Tobacco, and therefore properly 
belonging to the same category, should be, to some extent, overlooked. 
Among these latter, whose influence in the employment of labor, the ex- 
penditure of money in material, and the spreading and cementing of Pe- 
tersburg's commercial relations with other sections of the country, has been 
gratefully recognized in the past and continues to be exercised and appreci- 
ated in the present, are the firm of A. J. Campbell & Co., manufacturers of 
Snuff and Smoking Tobacco, and its predecessors. This business was 
established in i86r, by Mr. James E. Venable, who was succeeded by 
Messrs. Joseph E. Venable & Sons, and successfully conducted by them 
until three years ago, when it was purchased by the present firm, the mem- 
bers of which are Mr. A. J. Campbell and his brother. Mr. A. C. Camp- 
bell. These gentlemen, until recently, operated two factories, one at the 
Locks and the other at the Basin of the Upper Appomattox Canal. The 
former, which was the larger of the two, was destroyed by fire on October 
nth, 1884, just after it had received a complete outfit of new machinery 
and been enlarged to four times its former capacity. At the time of this 
loss the firm employed about a hundred hands, and were grinding about 
one thousand pounds of Snuff per day. The work has necessarily been 
greatly reduced for the time being, but the remaining factory is working 
to its utmost capacity, and the firm contemplates replacing the burned 
building at an early date. Among the principal brands of Snuff manufac- 
tured by this house, are "Carolina Belle (Scotch), "Rose-scented Macca' 
boy," -'Rappee," etc.; and of fine granulated Smokmg Tobacco, they put 
up, among others, the popular and delicate "Yellow Bird," -'Red Fox," 
" Macaria," and " Old Virginia." They also manufacture several kinds of 
Flavorings used by tobacconists, such as ground deer-tongue, orange-peel, 
etc. Most of their Snuffs are consumed in Virginia, North and South Car- 
olina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, Florida and Texas, while 
their Smoking Tobacco finds ready markets in the Western and Southern 
States, generally. 



126 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



AMONG THE "ANCIENT LA.NDMA11KS" OF PETEKSBURG, THERE IS PER- 
HAPS NO OTHER WHICH HAS BORNE SO LARGE A SHARE IN THE MERCAN- 
TILE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY AS THE TOBACCO WAREHOUSE ON MAR- 
KET STREET KNOWN AS 



*^ »Jt€>«Mr JE' JS, 



9» 



IT DATES BACK TO THE COLONIAL DAYS, HAVING BEEN BUILT ABOUT THE 
YEAR 1770 BY ONE WILLIAM BARKSDALE. AND WAS ORIGINALLY CALLED 
' 'BARKSDALES WAREHOUSE. " IT WAS PURCHASED IN THE FIRST YE.Ui OF 
THIS CENTURY BY AN ENGLISH SETTLER NAMED ROBERT MOORE, WHOSE 
NAME IT HAS SINCE BORNE. IT IS SUBSTANTIALLY BUILT OF BRICK AND 
ROOFED WITH SLATE IMPORTED FROM WALES, WHICH HA\'E SUCCESS- 
FULLY WITHSTOOD THE STORMS AND RAVAGES OF A CENTURY, AND ARE 
TO-DAY IN A PERFECT STATE OF PRESERVATION. AFTER THE DEATH OF 
ROBERT MOORE AND HIS SON, THE WAREHOUSE BECAME THE PROPERTY 
OF THE CHILDREN OF WILLIAM DAVIDSON, OF LONDON, FROM WHOSE 
HEUIS IT WAS PURCHASED IN 1870 BY ITS PRESENT PROPRIETORS, MESSRS. 

WATSON & MCGILL, 

TOBACCO MANUFACTURERS, OF PETERSBURG. IT FRONTS ABOUT TWO 
HUNDRED FEET ON MARKET bTREET, BY A DEPTH OF THREE HUNDRED 
FEET. AND IS CENTRALLY AND CONVENIENTLY SITUATED. IT IS THE OLD. 
EST TOBACCO WAREHOUSE IN PETERSBURG, AND REPRESENTS AN ENOR- 
MOUS BUSINESS, PAST AND PRESENT. UNTIL RECENTLY IT HAS, IN COM- 
MON WITH OTHER WAREHOUSES OF THE CITY, BEEN SUBJECT TO THE 
CONTROL OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT, BUT IN FUTURE IT WILL BE CON. 
DUCTED AS A "PRIVATE WAREHOUSE," UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE 
OF MANAGERS APPOINTED BY ITS O^VNERS. THE PRESENT MANAGERS 
ARE MESSRS. JAMES M. PARHAM AND PERRY STOKES. BOTH BEING GEN- 
TLEMEN OF LONG EXPERIENCE AS SAMPLERS AND INSPECTORS UNT:)ER 
THE OLD REGIME, WHEN THE STATE CLA.IMED AN INTEREST IN THE BUSI- 
NESS OF THE WAREHOUSES, AND VIRTUALLY CONTROLLED THEIR AF- 
FAIRS. WITHIN THE LAST DECADE THE PREMISES HAVE BEEN THOR- 
OUGHLY REPAIRED AND ENLARGED BY THE ADDITION OF AN EXTENSIVE 
WING, WHICH FRONTS ON FRIEND STREET. IT AFFORDS EXCELLENT AC- 
COMMODATION FOR THE WAGONS AND HORSES OF PLANTERS BRINGING 
THEIR TOBACO AND OTHER PRODUCE TO THE CITY BY ROAD, WHILE ITS 
CAPACITY FOR STORING HOGSHEADS IS ALMOST UNLIMITED. MOORE'S 
WAREHOUSE IS WELL KNOWN TO EVERY TOIUCCO PLANTER WITHIN THE 
WHOLE OF PETERSBURG'S TRIBUTARY R.\DIUS, AND THOUSANDS OF HOGS- 
HEADS FROM MORE DISTANT POINTS ARE liECEIVED AND SOLD THERE 
DURING THE YEAR. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 127^- 

F. W. JONES, Brunswick. W. T. HARVEY, Nottoway. 

CENTRE WAREHOUSE, 



JONES & HARVEY, 

CENTRALLY SITUATED ON 

■VsT^SHIIIsrOTOIsr STI^EET, 

NEAR DEPOT OF 

Petersburg and Weldon Railroad. 



MMceiiBmt AaaammQdmimm 



-FOR- 



WAGONS AND HORSES. 

BEST ATTENTION GIVEN TO SALES OF 
AND SETTLEMENTS MADE PROMPTLY. 



PETERSBURG, VA 



128 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

J. J. PERCIVALL, Pktersburg, | W. M. FIELD, Dinwiddie. 



West Hill Warehouse, 



*mvmMSMWMm9 fm< 



PERCIVALL & FIELD ■ ■ Samplers. 



PERSONAL ATTENTION TO SALES AND PROMPT RETURNS. 

OUR XHW SIIHDS AND ROOMS 

•will soon ba completed, giviuL,^ us ample accommodation. 

Insurance on Tobacco Free. 



THE LARGEST AND MOST CENTRALLY LOCATED WARE- 
HOUSE IN THE CITY. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I29» 



THE VIRGINIA SLATE-ROOFING COMPANY. 



O. O. THOMAS & CO. 

For many years past, Virginia and the adjoining States have been in- 
debted to this Company for some of the finest slate roofing ever done- 
within their borders, and Petersburg alone furnishes many hundreds of pal- 
pable testimonials to the excellence of its work. Mr. O. O. Thomas is the 
senior member of the firm and the managing director of the company. He 
has had a long and practical experience in every department of his trade, 
and has earned the highest encomiums from all who have employed his 
services. Among the prominent buildings and residences in this city, the 
Company can point to the following, as offering examples of its superior 
slate roofing, namely : The Central Lunatic Asylum, the Normal School, 
the Library Hall, the residence of John McGill, Esq., on Market Street 
(a view of which 's shown on page 45), the residence of James E. Routh, 
Esq., on Washington Street, and others which might be numbered by 
scores. In fact, nearly all the slating done in Petersburg during the last 
seven years, is the work of this firm. 

But their fame is by no means confined to this City, or even to this 
State. The roof of the Eastern Lunatic Asylum, at Williamsburg, is their 
work. So is the roof of Hampden-Sydney College, at Farmville, and that 
of the Union Depot at Bristol, and of the» Norfolk & Western Railroad 
Company's Depot at Lynchburg. The roofing of the beautiful Public 
Square, at Nashville, Tenn., was also furnished by them, and they have left 
grand samples of their handiwork at Atlanta, Ga., Chattanooga, Tenn., 
and many other cities. The Norfolk & Western Railroad Company has 
employed the services of O. O. Thomas & Co. upon many of their new 
buildings during a period of several years, and has given them the high- 
est recommendations. 

There is no part of a building, whether it be a public hall or a private 
residence, upon which its comfort and value so much depend as its roof, 
and it is of the utmost importance that this portion of the structure should 
be intrusted only to skilled and experienced hands, and there are none to 
be found, North or South, better skilled or more experienced than those of 
O. O. Thomas & Co., otherwise known as the Virginia Slate Roofing Com- 
pany. They own and operate slate quarries, and can therefore supply the 
material as well as the labor, without the expensive aid of middle-men. In 
Tennessee alone, six hundred and seventy-five buildings, public and pri- 
vate, have been roofed by this firm, and a much larger number in Virginia 
and North Carolina. In addition to Slate Roofing of all kinds, they also 
furnish and lay slate flagging for pavements, as well as furnishing tin and 
iron Gutters, Valleys, Ridges, etc. The offices of the Company are at No^ 
142 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Va. 




»«3o 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



PEANUTS. 



Within the hist ten years the Eastern section of Virginia has developed 
a wonderful trade in this product, and has outstripped all other States in 
its cultivation. In the season of 1873-4 Virginia produced only 225,000 
bushels, while in 18S3-4 her yield aroounted to 1,250,000 bushels. The 
light, sandy soil of the Tidewater Counties seems to suit the crop exactly, 
and the peanuts grown in A'irginia command a higher price than those 
raised in any other State. 

There are in Petersburg si.x peanut "factories," or cleaning establish- 
ments, which give employment to hundreds of hands, and ship their various 
brands to all parts of the North and West, daily. The nuts, or rather their 
hulls, are cleaned, polished, and assorted according to size by machinery, 
which does the work better and more expeditiously than was possible un- 
der the old system of washing and distributing by hand. 

The peanut is of African origin, and was introduced to this country by 
some trading vessel — probably a "slaver." The African nut, however, is 
is of inferior quality as an article of food, although it is extremely val- 
uable as a commercial commodity, for it produces a large proportion of the 
so-called olive oil of French manufacture. 

Nearly the entire crop of this State is grown in the counties lying imme- 
diately to the east of Petersburg, and a large share of the whole yield is 
purchased by our dealers and distributed by them to the various points of 
consumption. 

After Virginia, the States of Tennessee and North Carolina produce the 
largest crops, and the following comparative statement of each year's 
yield since 1873, copied from Mr. Cary W. Jones' book, Norfolk as a Bu- 
siness Centre, will be found of interest to those engaged in the trade : 



Season. 


Virginia. 


Tennessee. 


North 
Carolina. 


Total. 




Bushels. 


Bushels. 


Bushels. 


Bushels. 


1873-4 

1874-5 

1875-6 

1876-7 

1877-8 

1878-9 

1879-80 .... 

1880-1 

1881-2 

1882-3 

1883-4 


225,000 

350,000 

450,000 

780,000 

405,000 

875,000 

1,350,000 

1,500,000 

825,00c 

1,250,000 

1,250,000 


175,000 
200,000 
235,000 
500,000 
325,000 
425,000 
750,000 
750,000 
250,000 
460,000 
600,000 


60,000 
120,000 
100,000 
125,000 
100,000 

90,000 
120,000 
120,000 

75,000 
140,000 
150,000 


460,000 

670,000 

785,000 

1,405,000 

830,000 

1,390,000 

2,220,000 

2,370,000 

1,150,000 

1,850,000 

2,000,000 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I31 




COIMIIMIISSIOI^ IMIEZE^OHZJ^USTTS 

And Wholesale Dealers in 

HAND-PICKED AND SCREENED SHELLED 



Virginia and Spanish Shelled Nuts. 

<^LEANED AND HAND-PICKED PEANUTS A SPECIALTY. 



STANDARD BRANDS, 



'EUREKA," 
'CROWN," 
'SPANISH STARS, 



"PRINCE GEORGE," 

'EXTRA," 

'SPANISH SHELLED." 



Beeswax, Beans, Peas, Butter, [ggs. Hides, Furs, &c. 



Corner BoUingbrook and Second Streets, 



PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



132 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



mm S, PHILLIPS & CD., 

CLEANERS AND HAND-PICKERS OF 

PEANUTS. 



-PiCKEO, SHELLED UNO SCREENED PEilNUTS. 

Lights, Flags, 

Crescent, Champion, 

Fancy Cubes, Extra Virginias. 



CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 

j^^^Quotations furnished on applicaiion and subject to fluctuations of 
the market. 

FACTORY AND OFFICES: 

20 BoUiugbrook Street, Petersburg, Va. 

NEW YORK OFFICE : 233 FULTON STREET. 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 



^33 





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[34 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



JOS. B. WORTH. 

CLEANER AND HAND-PICKER OF 



Factory and Office : Ho. 13 Old Street, Petersturg, Va. 

'"'EAGLE AND FLAG" BRAND Fancy Hand-Picked and Polished 
Virginia Peanuts. 

"SHIELD" BRAND Fancy Hand-Picked and Polished Spanish Peanuts. 

CHOICE SPANISH SHELLED PEANUTS A SPECIALTY. 

I^^All Quotations at Factory and subject to Fluctuations of the 
Market. 
CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 

R. C. MARKS. 
R. A. 



"*KC MARKS &C0., 

Virginia antl ^P'^^ . . 

ESTABLISHED IN 1«C8. ' ESTABLISHED IN 1868. 

GEO. DAVIS & CO., 

MANUFACTUREKS AND CLEANERS OF ALL GRADES OF VIRGINIA AND 
SPANISH, SHELLED AND UNSHELLED 

29 BOLLINGBROOK STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I35 

BUTTER DISH FACTORY. 



GEORGE A. MANNIE & CO. 

It was with much gratification that the people of Petersburg received the 
announcement, about four years ago, that an entirely new enterprise was 
to be established here by some gentlemen from the North, for the purpose 
of manufacturing butter dishes, veneers, and other kindred articles of com- 
merce, although it must be admitted that some doubts were entertained as 
to the stability and success of the undertaking. Time has confirmed the 
feeling of gratification and dissipated the doubts which accompanied it, 
and the firm of George A. Mannie & Co. — or rather " The Butter Dish 
Factory, by which name the concern is more generally known — has be- 
come one of the institutions of the City, and has already become an ac- 
knowledged power for good in the community, under the personal man- 
agement of Mr. George A. Mannie, the resident partner and head of the 
firm. 

The factory, which is situated on Hinton Street, in the western sectio» 
of the City, covers a considerable area and employs about one hundred 
hands, nearly all of whom are from among the most respectable of our 
poorer white citizens of the weaker sex, who are physically incapacitated 
from engaging in the heavier labor and heated atmosphere of the tobacco 
factories and other important industries of the place. Hence the estab- 
lishment here of such a concern as the one now under consideration could 
not fail to be a veritable godsend. 

The capacity of the factory, with its complete outfit of steam engines 
and machinery, is one hundred thousand butter dishes a day, and orders 
for this number can be filled at a very few days' notice, except during the 
busiest seasons. 

The output is mostly sent to New York, whence the dishes are distrib- 
uted over the whole length and breadth of the United States by Messrs. 
D. S. Walton & Co., of West Broadway and Franklin Streets, the well- 
known large manufacturers of Manilla Paper, Paper Bags, etc., who are 
the sole agents of the butter dishes made at the Petersburg factory. 

No effort has been made to establish a foreign trade for these commodi- 
ties, but there is little room for doubt that such a demand could be created 
as would necessitate the enlargement of the factory and the employment of 
an increased force of hands, and both of these results are most desirable. 
Enterprises like this are entitled to all the support and encouragement that 
can be given them, and it is earnestly to be hoped that the Butter Dish Fac- 
tory of Petersburg may prove a grand and permanent success. 



136 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 





PETERSBURG, VA, 



JAMES E. ROUTH, 




P^EglDEJ^I' RjlV^ I'l^EyiglJl^EI^. 





MANAGER. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I37 

.COMMISSION MERCHANTS, GROCERS AND 
MERCHANDISE BROKERS. 



These three important branches of Petersburg's trade are here grouped to- 
Igether, for the reason that they are too closely allied to each other to admit 
of separate treatment. United, they cover a vast and varied field and em- 
brace many interests. Indeed, there is no department of commercial enter- 
prise represented in the City which employs so much capital, engages so 
many of our leading business men, or exercises so wide-spread an influence 
over the whole territory which recognizes Petersburg as its principal or cen- 
tral market. It is customary among our wholesale grocers to act also as 
commission merchants, and vice versa. Vast quantities of cotton, tobacco, 
peanuts grain, bacon, poultry and other kinds of produce, are received here 
for sale on commission, and the consignments are often accompanied by or- 
ders for provisions or cash. An open account is frequently kept by the 
planter with his commission merchant, who advances what goods, fertili- 
zers and money may be required by his country customer, from harvest to 
harvest, and it occasionally happens that the latter is unable, through mis- 
fortune or some other cause, to make a settlement even at harvest time, in 
which event his commission merchant must " carry " him till the following 
year, taking a mortgage lien upon land or future crops, as security. It will 
be seen that considerable capital is required to carry on a business of this 
kind, and it is estimated that nearly a million dollars is invested in it by 
our merchants, about a quarter of this amount being employed by those 
who do an exclusively commission business and carry no stock. When it is 
is remembered that from 25,000 to 50,000 bales of cotton, 500,000 to 600,000 
bushels of peanuts, 5,000,000 pounds of loose leaf and 10,000 hogsheads 
of tobacco, besides other articles of produce in proportionate quantities, 
are received here annually, and that the greater portion passes through 
thehands of our commission merchants, the immense importance of their 
operations will appear ; and it may be here stated, without fear of contra- 
diction, that in no town in the United States can be found a more sound, 
solvent and successful body of business men than they, in proportion to the 
population and the amount of capital involved. 

The Grocery Trade of Peter-^burg may also be quoted as holding a most 
satisfactory position. It is ahiiost entirely in the hands of prudent, expe- 
rienced men, of sufficient financial strength to enable them to keep on hand 
extensive and varied stocks of goods, and to supply the retail traders of 
the adjoining counties of this State and North Carolina with almost 
every commodity usually found in country stores. Our excellent transpor- 
tation facilities by railroad, river and canal, are even now being improved 
and increased in every direction, and the prospects for our expanding trade 
are brighter to-day than they have ever been since the close of the war, in 
I865. The Merchandise Brokers, of whom there are three firms in Peters- 
burg, are auxiliary to the wholesale grocery trade, and their influence on 
the market is most beneficial. 




13S HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

Efstablisheil 1^74. 

E. M. ALLEN. N. B. PRICHARD. 

ALLEN & PRICHARD 

—AND— 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
No. 12 Old Street, Petersburg, Va. 

FLOUR, MEAL, SUGARS, 

COFFEE, TEAS, BUTTER, CHEESE, 

BACON AND BULK MEATS, LARD, 

MACKEREL, HERRLNGS, SALT, SYRUP, 

SOAP, NAILS, MATCHES, ROPE AND PAPER. 

In fact All Articles Usually Kept in a 

Wholesale Grocery House. 

AGI-NTS FOR 

—AND— 

Baltinofe United Oil Compauf's Kefosene Oil, 

SPECIAL I XDi CEMENTS TO 

PROMPT PAYING AND CASH CUSTOMERS. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA, I39 

R. T. ARRINGTON. S. P. ARRINGTON. 



John Arrington &, Sons 

COMMISSION MERCHAHTS, 

GENERAL AGENTS FOR 

Pacific Guano, 

McComb Arrow Tie Company, 

and BridgewaterlFlour, 

NOS. 31 AND 33 SYCAMORE STREET, 

Petersburg, Ylrglnia. 

HANDLE ALL KINDS OF PKODUCE, COTTON, TOBACCO, PEANUTS,1&C. 

Bright Tobacco a Specialty. 



R. T. ARRINGTON, I S. P. ARRINGTON. 

R. T. ARRINGTON, Jr., | F. W. SCOTT. 



ARRINGTONS & SCOTT, 

General Com'n Merchants, 

Shockoe Slip, 



I40 HISTORICAI, AND INDUSTRIAL 



3 Bo IBAIMj 
COMMISSION MERCHANT, 

44 SYCAMORE STREET, 



PUOMPT PERSONAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO EHE SALE ON ALL PRODUCE 
CONSIGNED TO ME. 



Leaf Tobacco, Coltoo, Giaio aoo Peanuts, Specialties, 



DEALER IN 



NO. 1 PERUVIAN GUANO, 



AND AGENT FOR SEVERAL POPULAR 



BRANDS OF FERTILIZERS. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I4I 

J. GARLAND BLACKWELL S CO, 
GENERAL 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
IJo. 55 IJortb Sycaii]ore St., 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



CONSIGNMENTS OF COTTON, TOBACCO, 

PEANUTS, CORN, POULTRY, 

AND COUNTRY PRODUCE 
WILL RECEIVE PERSONAL ATTENTION. 



PEOMPT EETURNS MADE AND LIBERAL ADVANCES ON PKODUCE IN 
HAND. 



Correspondence Solicited. 



142 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

H. C. DAVIS. BARTLETT ROPER. F. E. DAVIS. 

DAVIg, ROPKR & CO,, 

—AND— 

Ueneral Comission Merchants, 

Petersburg, VA., 



KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND 

A LARGE STOCK OF GOODS, 

WHICH THEY OFFER AT 
THEY SOLICIT CONSIGNMENTS OF 

PRODUCE AND MERCHANDISE, 
And get the Best Prices for the Same. 

THEY ARE ALSO AGENTS FOR THE 

FLOUR, CORN MEAL AND MILL FEED. 
ORDERS SOLICITED. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 145 

S. M. GREEN. C. E. BURTON. 

GREEN &, BURTON, 



GROCERS AND 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 

30 North Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Va. 

PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO ALL CONSIGNMENTS OF 

COTTOH, TOBACCO, CORH, WHEAT, PEAHUTS, 

AND OTHER 

COUNTRY PRODUCE. 

Orders for Goods Soiieiied. 

gPECIj^Ii INDaCEpENTg 6FFERED ¥0 C^gp Cag¥0JIE^g 

AGENTS FOR 

— AND— 

Allison & Addison s 

Star U Brand 

GREEN & BURTON, 



-144 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

-FREEMAN W. JONES, THOS. CALLENDER, 

Brunswick County. Petersburg. 



GROCERS AND 
COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 

NO. 48 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VA, 



National Tobacco and Cotton Manure, 

AND ORCHILLA GUANO. 

CONSIGNMENTS OF 

COrrON, TOBACCO, CORN, WHEAT, PEANUTS, BACON, 
AND COUNTRY PRODUCE GENERALLY. 

SHALL HAVE 

AND PROMPT RETURNS 

Will be Made when Sales are Effected. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



i4s; 



ROBT. A. MARTIN. ROBT. R. HILL. A. G. M. MARTIN.. 



==ai3S3JQax>^= 



MARTIN, HILL & CO., 
Grocers | Commission Merchants 

NO. 11 SYCAMORE STREET, 
Petersfoiirg-, Va. 

FAITHFUL PERSONAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO THE SALE OF 

Cotton, Tobacco, Wheat, Gofo, Peanuts, k,, 



41© MliK4ls 



ASffl 



m4m il i4Mio 

OEDEES FOE GOODS SOLICITED FEOM 

PUNCTUAL, RESPONSIBLE PARTIES- 

ALL OEDEES WILL BE FILLED AT FAIE PEICES. 

MARTIN, HII^I^ & CO,, Peterskircr, Ya. 



146 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

J.C.ROBINSON. B. D. TILLAR. 

Robinson, Mar ^ k, 

Commission Merchants. 

No. 40 Sycamore Street, Petersturg, Va. 

SOLICIT CONSIGNMENTS OF 

COTTON. TOBACCO, CORN, PEANUTS. 
And Country Produce Generally. 

QU/C/C SALES AND PROMPT RETURNS. 

ORDERS FOR GROCERIES, BAGGING AND TIES 

WILL BE FILLED AT THE LOWEST MARKET RATES. 

AGENTS FOR 

LONG'S PREPARED CHEMICALS ; 

EXCELLENZA SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE ; 

BONE AND PERUVIAN GUANO ; 

ACID PHOSPHATE, PURE KAINITE ; 

Genuine Peruvian Guano. 

And the Brands of the UPSHUR GUANO COMPANY, of Norfolk, Va. 

The CHESAPEAKE GUANO COMPANY, of Baltimore, Md.; 

And the MARYLAND FERTILIZING AND MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY, of Baltimore, Md. 

MoMuson, Ttiiar & Co., 

> 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



147 





DEALER IN 



TrjEj^L.®, 



Wines, Lii^uors and Provisions, 



iiiBia3Mi;¥.'iiyr*);Mfgi 




No. 5 North Sycamore Street, 

Sole Agent for Moerlein's Cincinnati Beer and 
"Appomattox" New Family Flour, 

Patent Roller Process ; (The Best in the Market.) 

I have always on hand and am continually receiving per steamers 
from Baltimore, Philadelphia, Boston and New York, fresh supplies of all 
goods in my line. 

All goods are warranted, and will be sold at the lowest market prices. 
The patronage of my friends in the city and surrounding country is re- 
spectfully solicited by 



148 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

GEO, B. PRICHARD, 

-^Grocer-l-ai!(l-!-6or}tectioi]er<- 

DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF 

FIRST-CLASS FAMILY GROCFKIES AM) PROVISIONS. 

ALL GOODS WARRAjXTED 

TO BE AS GOOD AND AS CHEAP AS ANY IN THE MARKET. 
A LARGE STOCK OF CANNED GOODS AND DRIED FRUITS. 

NO. 202 HIGH STREET, 

FXSTSRSBURG, VA. 

J. H. CABANISS. CHAS. LUNSFORD. 

CABANI32 k I^UN^FOHD, 

21 OLD STREET, NEAR SYCAMORE, 
FETERSBURG, VA. 

Seed mid Produce^ Butter and Cheese, 
Flour atzd Feed, Graitt cm^d Hay. 

GIVE FAITHFUL ATTENTION TO 

CONSIGNMENTS AND MAKE PROMPT RETURNS. 
CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
II^^Refcr to the Bank of Petersburg. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



149 



rBC. 



EETAIL DEALER IN 



FA MIL Y GROCERIES. 






.^1 :^: 




Specialties: TEAS, COFFEES AND CANNED GOODS. 

Halifax and Union Streets, Petersburg, Va. 

Jo^il P. Peebles, 

""^ — DEALER IN "" *** 

FmdUQQtj FgrQigm ^ud BamesiiiQ Fruits „ 

AH Kinds QiBrisd! FruHsif PQtatQe^f 

Bsausp PQas,, Butter,, G'hm§i@,y Eggs,, ^0« 

PEANUTS A SPECIALTY. 

15 BOLLINGBROOK STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 
'Highest Cash Price paid for Country Produce. 



SAMUEL J. HURT, 

•^6]^8CEl^v^ND:C0MMI33I0N:ME^CPP<- 

IVO. 7 OLD STREET, PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 

PERSONAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO THE 



SALE OF TOBACCO, WHEAT, CORN, COTTON, &C. 



150 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

T. J. JARRA TT. W. J. JARRATT. 

T. J. JARRATT & SON, 
C£?0I\IMISS3:0K ^TETJCHAaVT^S? 

STKICT TEKSONAL ATT]:.\riUN (iULN IX) THE SAEE UE 

Cotton, Peanuts, Tobacco, Wheat, Corn and Produce Generally. 
I^^BAGGING AND TIES furnished at lowest rates. 

No. 38 NoBTH Stoamore Street, PEXEnsPTiBQ, Va. 

JOHN R. PATTERSON. WM. A. MADISON. 

Patterson, Madison & Co., 

ESTABLISHED 1869. 

Wliolssals hm ana Mm MMi 

NO. 43 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 

D' ALTON & CO, 

WHOLESALE GROCERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS. 

32 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 

t^°At Entrance to Westhill Warehouse. 

EDW. J. BOND. WM. A. BOND. 

RJ.BOND&BRO., 

DEALERS IN 

Choice Teas, Pure Spices and Coffees, 

Preserves, Jellies, Pickles, Sauces. 

Catsups and Canned Goods of All Kinds. 

//5 SOUTH AVENUE (Orr. New Market), PETERSBURG, VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I51 

187-4:. EST^BILiISHIElID 1874=. 

JOS. W. WHEARY. 

DEALER IN 

Family Groceries, Mill Feed, 

Cigars, Tobacco, &c., 
260 (HEAD OF) OLD STREET, 

DEALER IN 

Teas, Wines, I^iguors, Cigars, to, 

253 HALIFAX STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 

W. H. H. BAGWELL. JAMES M. WILLIAMS. 

Wholesale Gfoceis aod uOfnmissloo Mefchaots, 

NO. 5 IRON FRONT, Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va. 

W. T. HUBBARD & CO., 
Grocers and Commission Merchants. 

10 AND 12 N. SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA 

Personal attention given to the sale of Cotton, Tobacco, Wheat, &c. 
and prompt returns made. Consignments respectfully solicited. 



WMQI^E^ALE ANB EEWAIE 

GROCERS AND LIQUOR DEALERS ,_ 

FRAffiLlN STREET, Adj'oMiii West HiU WareMse, 

FSTEXISBURG, VA. 



HISTORICAL AND INUUSTKIAL 



J. C. BLAKE, 

Wholesale and Rktail C()>lmissi()N Mkkchant, Dealer in 

Flour, Corn, Meal, Oats, Hay and All Kinds of Oround Feed for Horses 

and Ct)\vs. Choice Groceries and Ship Stores. 

Xf o. 3 Old Street. Petersburg, Virginia. 

Special attention given to Poultry and Game, and all consignments of 

Country Produce. BLAKE'S ARCTIC REFRIGERATOR. 

JAMES H GRAY. GEO. M. INGE. 

General Commission Merchants, 

SALES OF COTTON, GRAIN AND LEAF TOBACCO, SFECIALTIES. 

NO. 43 NORTH SYCAMORE ST., Petersburg, Va. 



SPRATL1:Y \^ KIDD. 

AM) DEALERS IX 

Lime, Plaster, Cement, Hay, Oats, &c. Seed a Specialty. 

46 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Va. 

"olid co^s^:F:EIDElI^A tie conyriDv^iss.A.s,'^-" 

Wholesale Grocer, Liquor Dealer and Commission Merchant. 

Liberal advances made on consignments. Goods sold cheaper than the 
cheapest. Country Orders promptly hlled. 

NO. 230 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 



Wholesale Grocer and Jobber of All Grades and Styles of 

AT FACTORY PRICES. 
NO 1 OLD STREET, Petersburg, Virginia. 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 

Groceries, Wines, Liquors, Cigars, Etc., Etc. 

Recently removed from HaWax Street to No. 36 N. Sycamore Street 
(Next to Entrance to Westhill Warehouse), Petersburg, Virginia. 

H. L. PLUMMER, Jb. GEORGE W. BAIN. 

PLUMMEB, BAIN & CO., 

GENERAL PRODUCE DEALERS, 

44 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERRBURG. VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I53 

J. HAMPDEN SLATER, 

GENERAL MERCHANDISE BROKER, 

GKAIN, FLOUR AND PKOVISIONS, SPECIALTIES. 

^o. 3 Tabb {Street, Petersburg, Virginia. 

References : Hinton & Dunn, Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company, and 
general jobbing trade. 

Charles E. Smith. T. M. Perkins. 

Corner Sycamore and Tabb Streets, Petersburg, Va. 

In direct telegraphic communication with the New York and Chicago 
Markets. Offer the best service in the execution of orders in Options. 
'Flour, Grain, Provisions and General Merchandise. 



James Dunlop, Jr. W. W. Townes. 

DUNLOP & TOWNES, 

©EKEMAt MEmCMAMBISE BMOMEmSt 
43 Si/caniore Street, Petersburg, Virf/inia. 

C^^Best References GivEN.'^^a 



BANKS. 



Petersburg is under no necessity for an}^ exceptional banking accommo- 
dations, for the reason that she is not, like Norfolk, for instance, a great 
seaport requiring enormous advances of cash for the purchase of whole 
crops of cotton, and for other kindred purposes. On the contrary, our 
large shippers, who are also manufacturers, draw direct on their consignees 
in London and other foreign points, and are the channels through which 
large sums of money are constantly introduced, instead of acting as drains 
through which the bank vaults are periodically depleted. -Our commission 
merchants also rely, to a great extent, upon their own capital, for carrying 
on their business, and the banks, therefore, are not liable to be called upon 
for any extraordinary discounts, but serve rather as depositories and 
collecting agencies, than as mere money lenders. It thus happens that 
the three sound banking institutions which flourish here, although they are 
all kept very busy the year round, are quite able to transact all the busi- 
ness that seeks them, and to meet all possible demands upon their ample 
resources. Two of these banks are joint-stock companies and are owned 
and directed by our most substantial merchants, manufacturers and capi- 
talists. 



154 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



THE PETERSBURG 




PEa^EBSEUJlG, ^^IBGII^IA, 



Cajntal, $200,000. 
Surplus and Reserve, $94,630, 



FRED. R. SCOTT, President, D. B. DUGGER, Cashier. 
ALEX. DONXAN, Vice-Prest., E. W. BUTCHER, Secretary. 
WM. H. SCOTT, Assistant Secretary. 



ALEXANDER DONNAN, 

JOHN MANN, 

F. EUGENE DAVIS, 

D. B. TENNANT, 
DR. D. W. LASSITER, 

E. C. VENABLE, 



RICHARD G. PEGRAM, 
SAMUEL B. PAUL, 
JOHN P. BRANCH," 
N. M. OSBORNE, 
R. M. DOBIE, 
E. M. ALLEN, 



STATEMENT. DECEMBER 31ST, 1883 



Cash on Hand $ 79.702 55 

Due by Banks and Bankers 40,292 11 

Loans and Discounts G!)3,17U 84 

Stocks and Bonds 140,040 00 

Ileal Estate 2r>.787 49 

Preminius Due 10.054 59 

Due for Rent 357 50 



*1,001,414 OS 



Capital $ 200.000^00 

Certificates of Deposit 4S7, 144.54 

Individual Deposits rJ0.N79*17 

Due Banks and Bankers.. 15.38G 61 

Dividend January, 1884., . 8,005'00 

Due Agents 13*67 

Insurance Losses Unpaid. 5, 355*08 

lleiuRur.ince lleserve 34,026^85 

Interest Reserve 18.207^67 

Net Surplus 42,395.49 

.*1. 001, 414 08 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. IS5 

The Bank of Petersburg, 

PBTBRSBURG, VA. 

R. H. JONES, Jr., President. JOSEPH CARR, Vice-President. 

SAMUEL STEVENS, Cashier. 



CH:^^I^TEI^EI^ TJ3^I^EI^ st-A-te Xij^"W" in^r i872- 



CAPITAL, $64,800. 

:0: 

Transacts a General Banking Busin ess a nd Solicits Correspondence. 

Particular attention paid to Collections and Remittances made promptly. 
No extra charge made for Collections when drawn with Exchange. 
No charge for collections on Richmond, Lynchburg, Norfolk or Suffolk. 
Exchange issued on All Principal Cities in Europe. 

DIRECTORS : 
R. H. Jones, Jr. Joseph carr, Augustus Wright, 

T. S. Beckwith, Jr. Alexander Wilson, T. F. Rives, 

Wm. M. Field. 



FERTILIZERS. 

:o: 

During the last few years the demand for fertilizers has been far in ex- 
cess of the supply of natural guano and manure, and has led to its manu- 
facture on a very large scale. In the newly and sparsely settled Territo- 
ries of the West, where the land has been under cultivation for a compara- 
tively short period, the need of an artificial stimulus to the soil has as yet 
been little felt, but in the East it has become indispensable. The ground 
has been tilled by succeeding generations until its nourishing power is ex- 
hausted and requires periodical and systematic renewing to render it once 
more fertile and productive. Especially is this the case in the Eastern 
portion of Virginia, the Carolinas and other States where the trucking bu- 
siness is extensively carried on and where tobacco, cotton, peanuts and 
grain are raised as staples. The richest soil can only supply a certain lim- 
ited amount of nutrition to the vegetation it sustains, and when that nu- 
trition has been exhausted by over-cropping it must be restored, either by 
the slow process of natural recuperation or else by such artificial means as 
science may suggest and experience approve. The latter alternative ob- 
viously commends itself to the practical planter and farmer, and the result 
is that artificial fertilizers are now in almost universal use among agricul- 
turalists, and fertilizer factories are to be found in Petersburg as well as in 
all other Eastern and Southeastern industrial centres. Several of our com- 
mission merchants are local agents for the brands manufactured in Rich- 
mond, Norfolk, Baltimore and elsewhere, which are best adapted to the re- 
quirements of our staple crops and the character of our soil, and the sale 
of this. one article in Petersburg amounts annually to about $150,000. 



156 



HISTORICAL AND INDl'S IRIAI. 




D 



avie ^ 



WhitSe 



MANUFACTURERS 



YIBBEKIA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 157 

POCOMOKE 
SUPER-PHOSPHATE. 

THE PRINCE OF FERTILIZERS. 

PRONOUNCED BY ALL WHO HAVE TRIED IT TO BE 

The Best Fertiliser in Use 

FOR COTTON, TOBACCO, PEANUTS, CORN, EARLY TRUCK, &c. 

FISH HAWK GUANO. 

In obedience to the pressing and ever-increasing demand for a FIRST- 
CLASS BUT LOW-PRICED FERTILIZER, we have prepared with 
great care this NEW BRAND, which will be found of great value under 
ALL CROPS, but more especially for WHEAT, CORN, OATS AND 
COTTON, and on every description of soil. It contains all the essential 
properties of Plant Food, and will be found to permanently enrich the 
land wherever applied. We do not claim for FISH HAWK GUANO 
the same excellence which distinguishes POCOMOKE SUPER-PHOS- 
PHATE, but we do t/n/iesitatingly claim for the former that for general fer- 
tilizing purposes it is UNSURPASSED, if not UNEQUALLED, by any 
brand on the market at the same price. Farmers, Planters and Truckers 
will find it a most profitable investment, and if subjected to com- 
parative tests, we feel assured that FliH HAWK GUANO will not only 
hold its own, but defy successful competition in quality and price. 

MANUFACTURED BY 

Freeman, Lloyd, Mason & Dryden, 

jSOBFOLK, VA., AXD POCOMOKE, 3ID. 

E. B. BAIN, Agent. - - - Petersburg, Va. 



158 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

COTTON MILLS AND FACTORIES. 



The manufacture of Cotton in and around the City of Petersburg is 
second in importance only to that of tobacco, and has attracted much at- 
tention, for many years i)ast, at home and abroad. There are now in oper- 
ation in and near the City, six mills and factories, having in the aggregate 
about thirty thousand spindles and one thousand looms, and employing 
nearly one thousand hands. Their products, consisting of Sheetings, Shirt- 
ings, Drills. Duck, Osnaburgs, and other varieties of Domestics, are known 
in all the leading markets of this country, and are sought for to some ex- 
tent, by exporters in South America aiKl the West Indies, where they are 
regarded with much favor and command the highest prices paid for similar 
cotton goods. Among the stockholders and directors, of these mills and 
factories, are several of the wealthiest capitalists and merchants of the City, 
and there is good reason for feeling encouraged with regard to the future 
of this important indu.stry, for the re-opening of the Upper Appomattox 
Canal and the extensive improvements recently completed upon their river 
property will render available a large supply of magnificent water-power, 
hitherto wasted, which will, in all probability, attract capital and enterprise 
to the City and its neighborhood, for the purpose of engaging in manufac- 
turing pursuits. Petersburg lies within the boundaries of the great cotton- 
producing region of the South, and enjoys direct access to its very centre, 
as also to the inexhaustible coal-fields of Western Virginia, which insures 
to her all the steam-power she could require upon very favorable terms, in 
addition to the excellent water-power referred to above. There is no valid 
reason, therefore, why this City, possessing, as has been shown, unsur- 
passed advantages, and having at hand the raw material as well as the 
wherewithal to convert it easily and economically into merchantable fab- 
rics, should not enter upon a spirited and successful competition with her 
less favored but more enterprising rivals at the North, and become as great 
a Cotton-manufacturing centre as any in New England. 

Swift Cfeel Cottoo Maoufactufiog Compaof, 

R. T. ARRINGTON, PRESIDENT. 

PLUMMER &. MORGAN, AGENTS. 
MANUFACTURE BROWN DOMESTICS IN A VARIETY OF STYLES. 
Mill at Swtft Creek, Chestekpteld Couxty. 

Office :: 44 §ycamQre St,, Petersburg, Va, 



Petersburg' Cotton Mills^ 

CANAL STREET, Near Head of Old Street. J. M. KITCHEN, Superinteudeut, aud 

BOLLINGBROOK STREET, Blandford. G. R. WILLIAMS, Superiuteudent, 

F. E. DAVIS, President. BARTLETT ROPER, Secretary aud Treasurer. 

170 LOOMS. 6,000 SPINDLES 

C.\PACITY 7,000 Y.\RDS OF CLOTH A D.\Y. 

Mann .. tnre Several Varieties of BROWN DOMESTICS. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. Ico, 

Ettrick Manufacturiiig Company.. 

D. B. Tennant, President. R. R. Hill, Vice-President. 

DIRECTORS : 
D. B. Tennant, R. R. Hill, 

Alexander Donnan, Dr. D. Steel, 

George H. Byrd. 

David Callender, Agent. W. H. Wheary, Superintendent. 
C. L. Barksdale, Secretary. 

7,560 Sji indies, 250 Looms, 

Manufacturers of Sheeting, Drills, Duck and OsnaburgSr . 

Matoaca Maoufactufiog Companf. 

Alex. Donnax, President. John McGill, Vice-President. 

DIRECTORS : 
Alexander Donnan, John McGill, 

James E. Routh, D. B. Tennant, 

George H. Byrd. 

:o: 

David Callender, Agent. W. H. Wheary, Superintendent. 
C. L. Barksdale, Secretary. 

OfOOO Spindles, 2oOLooms. 

Manufacturers of Sheetings, Shirtings and Drills.- 

Battefsea Manufactufing Company, 

Dr. D. Steel, President. J. Wesley Friend, Vice-President. 

DIRECTORS : 
Dr. D. Steel, J. Wesley Friend, 

D. B. Tennant, Alexander Donnan, 

George H. Byrd. 

David Callender, Agent. W. G. Radcliffe, Superintendent. 

C. L. Barksdale, Secretary. 

3,600 Spindles, 100 Looms, 

IManiifacturers of Drills, Shirtings, Duck and Osnaburgs. 



•Jt6o HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



lid DomiDiofi Cotton Mills, Manctiestef, Vifginia. 

S. p. ARRINGTON, President. 

EDWARD GRAHAM, Agent and Treasurer. 

9,000 SPINDLES. 250 LOOMS. 

Mannfiicturo all kinds of BKOWN DOMESTICS. Capacity Ten Bales Cottoui)crday. 



SUMAC. 



This section of country abounds in Sumac of a very fine quality, which 
is destined to become an important factor in the industrial and commercial 
life of Petersburg. The most valuable leaf comes from Sicily, and with 
this the Virginia product compares very favorably in the matter of strength. 
The principal fault found with our domestic Sumac is that it is gathered 
carelessly. There is too much stem picked with the leaves, which are also 
frequently brought to market with a liberal mixture of sand. If dealers in 
the country would take more care in this respect, the price would soon ad- 
vance and the domestic article would compete on something like even 
terms with its Sicilian rival. 

The directions for gathering Sumac properly are simple enough, and 
might easily be complied with. Pick only the leaf and leaf stem. Be care- 
ful that no sand becomes mixed with it. Cure in the shade, and turn fre- 
quently until dry. When dry it is ready for the market. 

The millers of Petersburg are always ready to furnish sacks, free of cost, 
and to pay the highest price for prime leaf Sumac. 



W. N. JONES. B. B. VAUGHAN. A. M. HILL. 

MANUFACTrKEKS OF 

APPOMATTOX MILL, Petersburg, Virginia. 

UIQHESTCASII PUICES PAID FOK LEAF SUMAC AND STICK-UAKK. Corrur^pondcncc solicited 

Hialto Mills, Peters"burg, Virginia. 

JAMES M. WILLIAMS, MERCHANT MILLER, 

-KEEPS AT ALL TIMES A SUPPLY OF THE BEST COKN MEAL. PHOPRIETOH OF THE 

GA.LIEO SUMAC MILLS. 

ORDERS RESRECTFULLY SOLICITED. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. l6l 

THE VIRGINIA HOG CHOLERA CURE, 



INDISPENSABLE TO FARMERS AND ALL WHO RAISE HOGS. 

THE MOST VIOLENT AND VIRULENT CASES OF " HOG 

CHOLERA" OR "SWINE PLAGUE" YIELD 

READILY TO ITS CURATIVE 

POWER. 



The remedy which we now offer, aud which is kuowu as "THE VIRGINIA HOG 
CHOLEKA CUKE " has proved itself au absolute safeguard against not only Cholera, 
but also against all other forms of " Swine Plagxie," and is a General Condition Powder 
of the most valuable and positive character. Wherever used it has completely eradica- 
ted the disease and caused the rapid growth and fattening of hogs. For 'poultry it has 
no superior, curing Chicken Cholera, keeping out Vermin, and securing a generally 
Healthful Condition. 

We are confident that its use will result in unlimited benefit to the farmer, insuring 
him against loss and rendering it as easy to raise hogs as if the Cholera were a thing un- 
known. After the disease has appeared it can be easily and quickly checked, it matters, 
not at what stage it may be taken, unless, indeed, the hog or hogs are actually in the 
throes of death. The ingredients contained in "THE VIRGINIA HOG CHOLERA 
CURE" are expensive, some being procured from widely separated countries, but in their 
combination they are but the gathered forces provided by Nature for the cure of these 
evils. For two years we refused to offer it for sale, and in all instances where applicants- 
proffered the money we declined, preferring that our preparation should be thoroughly 
and practically tested by hog raisers before putting it upon the market. 

It is now made up, nicely labeled with directions for using it, in one-pound and one- 
half-pound packages, and these packages are put up in substantial wooden cases, made 
to contain from twelve to twenty-four pounds, convenient for shipping. 

Where the party ordering is not known to us, the money must invariably accompany 
the order. If our farmers will club together and always keep a few packages of VIR- 
GINIA HOG CHOLERA CURE convenient for use, or use it every few days as a pre- 
ventive, they will keep out all kinds of disease, and their hogs will fatten more rapidly 
and keep in fine condition. To wait until the disease has obtained a foothold, before or- 
dering, is to invite the Plague and consequent loss. The value of one hog invested in 
the VIRGINIA HOG CHOLERA CURE will prevent the loss of several hundred hogs 
and positively prevent the Plague. Our patrons frequently request that packages be sent 
them by mail. The preparation is a fine powder, and the postal laws prohibit the trans- 
mission in the mails of all merchandise that will be likely to damage the contents of the 
pouches in the event of accident, hence we make all shipments by freight or express, 
and our customers will please note the fact that the charges upon one pound are about 
the same as upon a case containing twelve pounds. If your Druggists or General Stores, 
do not keep it, address letters to us, and they will receive prompt attention. 

We want reliable agents in every County in the Southern and Western States, and 
we will furnish terms upon request. 

BUTLER, WINSTON & Co., i^Laimfacturers, 
P. 0. Box 648, Norfolk, Ya.. 

E. B. BAIN, Agent for Petersburg Va. 



«62 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS. 



Owing, perhaps, to the proximity of "big Richmond," as well as to the 
•frequency of trains running to and from Petersburg in every direction, there 
does not appear to be the same necessity for many large hotels here as there 
would be if the City were less centrally situated or less favored in the mat- 
ter of Railroad schedules. As it is, we have three excellent hotels and 
numerous restaurants, and visitors from far and near will find ample ac- 
commodation, combined with every comfort, and a hospitable welcome. 
Our markets overflow with fish, game, poultry, fruits, vegetables and other 
luxuries for the table, and the bills of fare at our hotels and restaurants 
would not disgrace those of much larger cities. The hotels are conven- 
iently situated as regards the Railroad depots, banks, principal stores and 
public buildings, and are all within a stone's throw of the street railway- 
Moreover, they are all in the hands of experienced and careful proprietors, 
and ?re therefore well managed, and exempt from many of the discomforts 
which usually render hotel life anything but attractive. 



U8¥ElI (imY 

Tal)l) Street, Next Door to Postoffioe, 

PETERSBURG. VA. 



'^eijti-allij itocakd. _^ppointnient5 'jlipst-^lass. 

TO MEET THE WANTS OF 

Tourists and Commercial Travellers. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



163 



BOLLINGBROOK HOTEL, 

. A. POTIT. - - - Proprietor. 




PETERSBURG, VA. 

BOARD, - - - $S.OO AX]> $S.50. 

Fine Bar and Billiard Hall, 

HOT AND COLD BATHS. 

New Furniture. Newly Papered. 

C^=It is the purpose of the Proprietor to have EVERYTHING 
FIRST-CLASS. 



t64 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



The Excliange and Ballard Hotels, 



Coruer fourteenth ami franklin ^Streets, 




These Weil-Known Leading Hotels 

Have Been Thoroughly Renovated, 

AND CAN NOW OFFER UNSURPASSED ACCOMMODATIONS 
FOR SIX HUNDRED GUESTS. 

, The Halls and Dining Rooms are HEATED BY STEAM, which ren- 
ders the House particularly attractive for Invalids and the Travelling 
Public generally. 

The Two Houses are connected by a COVERED SUSPENSION 
BRIDGE, which makes them practically One Hotel. 

Particular attention given Letters or Telegrams requesting that rooms 
be reserved. Private Parlors with Special Suites of Rooms, with or 
without Baths, for Travelling Parties. 

Our COMFORTABLE COACHES will be found at all arriving Trains. 

J. L CARRINGTON, Proprietor. 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 165 







NORFOLK, VIMGIMM. 

PHIL. Fa Bm©WN & Bm©.t 

(OF BLUE RIDGE SPRINGS, VIRGINIA,) 

PROPRIETORS. 

RECENTLY RENOVATED AND GREATLY LMPROVED. 

DINING-ROOM, PARLORS, HALLS, &C., HEATED BY STEAM. 

Bl&ciria B@U§ in AU the Rooms. 
HYDRAULIC PASSENGER ELEVATOR RUNS AT ALL HOURS. 

THE PURCELL 

Is Conveniently Located in the Very Centre of Business. 

Street Cars pass immediately by the Hotel, connecting with Steam Cars 
to Ocean View and Virginia Beach, or Steamboat for the famous Hygeia 
Hotel at Old Puint Comfort. 

IT WILL BE THE EARNEST EFFOET OF THE PFtOPEIETOES 

■^A^H:o a-i"V"E th:e:m: .a. c^li^ 
TERMS: $3 AND $2.50 FEU DAY. 



l66 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

^Qnii]6EY'SvEn^0PE;ai]vr20nsE,^ 

Cm^'/S. OU/XCI-y. I'ropriator. 

Dealer in 
^inos, Liquors, Cigarg and Tghaccos^ 

Fine Imported G&Qds in ^tQCk. 

FIRST-CLASS RESTAURANT. 

Ladies' and Gentlemen's Dining and Luncheon Rooms. 

Bar, Lunch Counter and Pool Room. 
128 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Va. 



Wine and Spirit Mercliant, Dealer in Cigars, Tobacco, 
Cij;arettes, Etc. 

*" Manufacturer of Soda, Ginger Ale and Sarsaparilla, and Bottler 
of Bergner & Engle's Lager Beer. 

Is About to Remove from His Present 

SALOOX, BILLLVRD HALL Ax\D RESTAURANT, 
No. lo Lombard Street, to his Handsome and Extensive New Premises, 

iro. 18 BOLiiiiraBROos stxlzsst, 

Petersburg, Va. 

" EICHBEeC'S SmOON UNO RESTHyRllNL 

No. 4 Bank Street, Petersburg, Virginia, 

THE CHOICEST BRANDS OF WINES, LIQUORS, TOCACCO AND 
CIGARS always on hand. 

The Table is furnished with all the Delicacies in Season — FISH, GAME, 
OYSTERS, &c. 

Special Terms made with Regular Boarders by the Day, Week or Month 

Walthall's European House. 

Rooms Furnished with New Furniture. 

Table Supplied Wrth ttie Best the Market ftffotds, 

FUsTEST 

lilines, ^les, Ltiquors, ^c, 

20S S 210 SYCAMORE STREET, 

I Board There." PETE RSBU RG, VI RGI N I A. "I Don't.' 





GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 167 

HEINEMANN'S EXCHANGE, 

HENRY HEINEMANX - ■ - - PROPRIETOR. 

BALLANTINE'S 
CELEBRATED NEWARK CN. 1.) EXPORT LAGER BEER: 

LUNCH EVERY DAY FROM lo A. M. TO 3 P. M. 

No. 9 Bank St., (Under Exchange Building,) 

OCEAN VIEW HOTEL, 

TBZ: SEASIDE SUMMER RESORT OF VIRGZIVIA. 

Trains ruu at short intervals daily between Norfolk and Ocean View. 
This delightful and unsurpassed SUMMER KESOET will be open for the accommo- 
dation of guests 

QNf MA Y IS^W OF EA CM WEAB, 

The location is the most desirable on the Middle Atlantic Seaboard, being in full view 
of Capes Charles and Henry, the Kip-Eaps, with unequalled surf, bathing and fishing 
within a stone's throw of the door. The fresh, invigorating breezes render the daj-s 
delightfully temperate, while the nights are cool and enjoyable. 

For furthe. information, apply by telegraph or mail to 

Norfolk and Ocean View Railroad and Hotel Company, 

OCEAN VIEW, VIRGINIA. 

IRON WORKS, AGRICULTURAL IMPLE- 
MENTS AND HARDWARE. 

:o: 

Among the most obvious essentials to an important manufacturing town, 
which is also the centre of an extensive and fertile agricultural district, 
such establishments as foundries and manufactories of farming imple- 
ments and machinery stand at the head of the list, for it would be impos- 
sible to operate tobacco works, grist or saw mills, engines or any other kind 
of mechanical contrivance, unless the means of supplying, renewing and 
repairing were always at hand. In this respect Petersburg is very well off, 
having several first-class establishments of this kind, where Tobacco and 
and Cotton Presses, Locomotive and Stationary Engines, Boilers, Saw, 
Grist and Sumac Mills, Elevators, Steamboat Work, Dredges, Castings, 
Forgings and all other varieties of Steam and Hydraulic Machinery are 
manufactured and repaired at short notice, and with most skillful work- 
manship. The numerous Saw Mills and other industries carried on through 
the surrounding rural districts, help to keep our foundries busy all the year 
round, while the manufacture and repair of agricultural machinery and im- 
plements also furnish them with a large amount of work. In addition to 
our local foundries, others at distant points are represented here by agen- 
cies, and the farmer who makes Petersburg his market can find at one or 
other of our iron works or stores any variety of plow, wagon, reaper, 
mower, or other implement that he may fancy or require. Petersburg's 
hardware stores ar unequalled in the South as regards the size and variety 
of the stocks they carry, which include every conceivable article in their 
line, from a stove to a carpet tack, besides gunsmiths' wares, fishing tackle, 
musical instruments, clocks, ammunition, etc. 



l6S HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

WM. H. TAPPEY. ALEX. STEEL. 



TAPPEY & STEEU 

:]yI:-A.^iTUF^CTTJi^:EI^s oif 




,WP£Y;i«.STEEt.: 



ifWJ<di:;v!tf:^'Jl%« 



mm 



En;inss, Um, Cotton ani Eaj Presses, 

Saiv, Grist and Sumac 3Iills, and Jlill 
Gearing Generally, 

ELEVATORS FOR STORES AND FACTORIES, NEW & SECOND-HAND ENGINES 
We guarantee satisfaction as we have done for forty years. 

TAPPEY & STEEL, Petersburg, Va. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 169 

THE 



^^ppon]attox-Mror]'Mnorks-^ 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

iill l l TTTTi ii i i i ii T iiTrrTii ii iii i ii ii iii i i !iiii iri i i i i iTTi i r i ii i ii iitiii i! i i M i i i irrir rrrTTT-rTTTTT TTTTT 

Agricultural Implements.^ 



Mill Gearing, Shafting, PuUies, 

And Machinery of All Descriptions. 

Tobacco Fixtures, 

HYDRAULIC PRESSES, &C. 

KIMACHINE WORKTOORDER.!> 

Farming Implements in Stock. 



CViKRW ^KONARD, 

n, 13 AND 19 BANK STREET, 
PETERSBURG, VA. 

J, I I I I I I I I I I I I I ■ I ■ I I II I I I I I 11 I I I I I II ii II I I I I II H 

I Tlie-Miargest-i-^ardware'i-^ouse | 

^,, , iiiiiiiiiiiii 1 1111111111111 iiiiiii iiiiiiiiii iiiiiiii Ill 

IN THE SOUTH. 
M Feet Deep, with a Storage Capacity of HM Squate Feet, 

All are Invited to visit this Mammoth Establishment and examine the 
Large and Complete Stock of 

Hardware, Carriage Materials, Belting, 

SAW MILL, 
Ship Ctiandlefs'i Spodsmen's and Fishemeii's Sopplies, 

Musical Instfuroeots, Cloch, Speatacles, k, 

AeiEBClSr ®IF TIHIE 

jiouseliold ^eWing JVIaciiiiie Zo. 

—AND THE— 

^g HOWE SCALE CO. 

iO THE DEAD SHOT POWDER. 



Warranted the Best. 

-■ TRY IT. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 17I 

THE LIGHT RUNNING 

DOMESTIC 

EXECUTES 

ALL IIEIS OP WORK WITH ML FACILITY. 

And Stands at the Head 

NOTWITHSTANDING ALL COMPETITION. 

After an experience of more than ten years with the ''DOMESTIC" 
MACHINE, I can confidently recommend it to my numerous patrons and 
the public. For durability, simplicity and elegance, it has no superior. I 
guarantee it to perform all work, of whatever kind, that any other ma- 
chine can do. It is offered at prices far below its value, and terms 
can be arranged to suit all parties. An examination is solicited. 

Remember, there is no charge for inspecting my stock. If you want to 
be satisfied with your purchase, buy 

The Light ^Running 

DOMI^STIC" gEWIKG MACHINE 



a 



-FROM- 

R. B. SHELBURN, 

37>. .9 Tabh Street, Masonic Building, 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



172 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

PLUMMER & WHEELER, 

IROX FRONT ]}UILDING, SYCAMORE STREET, 

rFTEBSBUBGf VA, 

' G. W. BROOKS, 

And Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 

STOVES, RANGES, CHINA, GLASS AND EARTHENWARE, 

47 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Va. 



I 



SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 



Any attempt to advance original ideas upon the momentous question of 
Education which is universally admitted to be one of paramount import- 
ance in every civilized and progressive community, would but weary the 
reader, and at the same time prove a lamentable failure ; for the subject 
has been worn almost threadbare by the preachers and lecturers, commen- 
tators and statesmen, of all generations; and is still, as it is probably des- 
tined to remain, an unsolved problem. But it is gratifying to know that 
our own people enjoy exceptional advantages in their efforts to secure 
this " pearl without price," and that the system in force here is as perfect 
and efficacious as any that has yet been discovered. Besides the public 
Primary and High Schools, Petersburg numbers among its scholastic in- 
stitutions several private Seminaries of the very highest order, for boys and 
girls; and many of Virginia's most distinguished scholars and statesmen 
received their education at a Petersburg school. This State has always 
been famous for the number and high rank of her Schools and Colleges, 
and Petersburg has always done more than her just share towards estab- 
lishing this enviable reputation. There is hardly a State or Territory in the 
Union which is not represented by a bright young son or daughter among 
the students at one or other of our Seminaries. This City is emi- 
nently adapted to institutions of this kind, for, in addition to the excel- 
lence of the education they afford, the climate is extremely healthy the 
water pure and plentiful, and society as refined and genial as any in the 
land. Numbers of our young men go up every year to some of the great 
Universities, and there graduate with high honors, thus giving the best 
possible proof of the thoroughness with which they have been trained 
while attending Petersburg Schools. J^y far the most popular University 
among the people of this State and section is that far-famed seat of learn- 
ing, the University of Virginia; while the medical profession is indebted 
for many of its ablest recruits to the Medical College of \'irginia, at Rich- 
mond. 




GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 173 

FOUNDED 1865. 



UNIVERSITY SCHOOL 
Petersburg. Ya. 

W. Gordon McCabe, (U. of Va.,) Head Master, 

Instructor in Ancient Languages, French, German and Early English. 



ASSISTANT MASTERS: 

JAMES ROY MICOU, (U. of Va.,) Instructor in Mathematics. 
JOHN DUNN, M. A., (U. of Va.,) Instructor in Mathematics and German. 
W. G. MANLY, (U. of Va.,) Asst. Instructor in Ancient Lang, and English. 
J. CALVIN LESTER, Asst. Instructor in Mathematics and English. 

Continuous Session from October 1st to June 30th, 

THE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL is mainly preparatory to the Univer- 
sity OF Virginia, the Professors of which institution endorse it most 
heartily. (See Catalogue.) During the past nineteen years it has also 
prepared and sent up to Princeton, West Point, Annapolis, Boston 
Institute of Technology, Stevens' Scientific Institute, (Hoboken,) 
Columbia School of Mines, and other institutions of high grade, a great 
number of pupils whose uniform success is the best guarantee of the thor- 
oughness of the instruction in the school. 

For Board, Tuition. Washing, Fuel and Lights, Per Session of Nine Months, 

(Payable Half-Yearly,) $3400 

The Head Master takes into his own Family a limited number of board- 
ers. As these places are usually taken promptly, early application is 
advisable. 

C^= JVo boarding pupils are received for less time than tha 7vhole session. 

The health of Petersburg is excellent. 

For Catalogues and detailed information address 

W. GORDON McCABE, Head Master. 



74 Hlt'TUKlLAL A.NJJ IMUUblKlAU 



ST. PAUL'S FEMALE SCHOOL, 



9 



(COBFS OF TEACimiElRSs 

J. G. GRISWOLD, 
FERDINAND SCHWENCK, 
MISS LAURA M. RUSSELL, 
MISS JESSIE DONNAN, 
MISS V. L. MAJOR. 
MISS LOSSIE HILL, 
MISS MITTIE PATTERSON, 
The Session Ber/ins the Mid (He of Septetnhet', 
FOR PARTICULARS ADDRESS 

J. G. Griswold, A, JZ, Principal. 

UNIVKRBITY OF VIRGim 



The Session begins on the FIRST OF OCTOBER, in each year, and 
continues until the Wednesday before the 4th day of July ensuing. 

The institution is organized in Separate Schools, on the Eclectic Sys- 
tem, embracing FULL COURSES OF INSTRUCTION in Literature and 
Science and in the Professions of Law, Medicine, Engineering and Agri- 
culture. 

THE EXPENSES 

of the student, (except such as enter the practical laboratories,) exclusive 
of the cost of text books, clothing and pocket money, are from $356 to 
$391, according to schools selected ; or, for those who economize by mess- 
ing, these expenses are from $266 to $300. No charge for tuition to can- 
didates for the ministry unable to meet the expense. 

Apply for Catalogues to WM. A. WINSTON, Secretary. P. O. 
LTniversity of Virginia, Albemarle County, Va. 

JAMES F. HARRISON, M. D., Chairman of the Faculty. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA, 



75^ 



RICHMOND, VA. 




MARTIN L. JAMES, M. D.^ 

Practice of Medicine. 

HENRY H. LEVY, M. D.. 

Physiology and Pathology. 

JOHN N. UPSHUR, M. D., 

Materia Medica and Therapeutics- 

GEO. BENJ. JOHNSTON, AL D., 

General and Special Anatomy. 



-^::e^.a.gtji-.t"Y".^ 

PROFESSORS 

JOHN S. WELLFORD. M. D., 
Diseases of Women and Children. 
J. S. DORSEY CULLEN, M. D. 

Surgery. 
WILLIAM H. TAYLOR, M. D., 
Chemistry and Pharmacy. 
CHRISTOPHER THOMPKINS, M. D.. 
Obstetrics and Diseases of the Puerperal State. 

-NcADJUNCT FACULTY.^t^ 

JOHN R. WHEAT, M, D., THOS. GREAVES, M. D.; M. R. C. S. 

Demonstrator of Anatomy. and L. R. C. P. London. 

Practice of Medicine. 
ROBERT B COLEMAN, M. 
Surgery, 
LEWIS C. BOSHER, M. 
Anatomy. 
WILLIAM F. MERCER, M. D., 
Materia Medica and Therapeutics. 

EDWARD C. SMITH, M. D., 
Physiology and Patho]o{?y. 
r/i<- rorti/Sfi-cutJi Aniii-Hl Sfs.slon bcr/un on Ovtoher 1st, ISS.i, and will COKTljyVJS 
SIX MOXTIIS. J'or C'it<il'>*/tif, or fartlitr in formation, address 

^l L. JAMES, M. D., Dean of the Faculty, 

312 East Grace street, Richmond, Va. 



CHARLES M. SHIELDS, M. D., 
Diseases of i^e Eye, Ear aud Throat. 

WM. AUGUSTUS LEE, M. D., 
Obstetrics aud Diseases of the Paerperal State. 

CHARLES H. CHALKLEY, M. D., 
Chemistry. 

ARMISTEAD L. WELLFORD, M. D., 
Diseases of Women aud Children. 



D., 



176 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAI 

IP 



I^EXERS BURGS.. VA. 



GENERAL STORAGE 

FOR TOBACCO, COTTON, PEANUTS AND MERCHANDISE GEN- 
ERALLY. 

DEiYS, LUMBER WAGONS AND CARTS ALWAYS ON HAND. 

WOOD, HAY, PROVENDER AND MILL FEED FOR SALE 



L. W. DUGGER, Lessee. 



DRUGS, PAINTS AND OILS. 

The business done in tliese important commodities, in Petersburg, is 
much more considerable than would be supposed by the uninitiated, and is 
conducted by four wholesale and about a dozen retail houses, employing to- 
gether a cash capital of about $100,000. The stocks kept by these establish- 
ments are large and varied, and several of our druggists have earned a 
wide and honorable reputation through the excellence of the goods they 
supply, as well as through the agency of certain "s])ecialties " which they 
put up. Besides Drugs, Paints and Oils, all our wholesale and some of our 
retail houses carry full lines of Window Glass, Perfumery, Spices, Seeds, 
Patent Medicines, Fancy and Toilet articles, and numerous other goods 
not strictly akin to pharmacy, to-wit: Tobacco, Cigars, etc. Our principal 
wholesale drug trade is carried on with central Virginia, the two Carolinas 
and Georgia, while all the Southern States have been made more or less 
lamiliar with Petersburg's enterprise in this line. 

WHOLESALE AND KETAIL DEALER IN 

x)i^Tjc3-s Sc ipj^t ^nsTT :M:Er)ici:N"ES 

Paints, Oils, Glass. Dyes, Varnishes, Brushes, Perfumery. &c., &.c 
CORXl-R SVCA.MORK AND \VAS1I1XG'R)N SIS., 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



77" 



I*'. »• €:?. 

FRENCH'S SUPERIOR COLOGNf, 
DELiaHTFUL, FRAGRANT, EXaUISITE. 

jnriyalled for tlie Haiiierclilef, Toilet aM Batli. An Elepit aiiJ Lasting Mm... 

It TV"ill CErtainly PIeese tliE Most Fastidinus, 
PRICB: 250., 50C. ASTD $1.00. 

Prepared by WM. E. FRENCH, Petersburg, Virginia. 

For sale by Druggists and Merchants Everywhere. 




AN INVIGORATING AND H EALTH -GIVING TONIC. 

Cures Dyspepsia, Liver Complaint, Indigestion, Chills and Fever, and all,: 
Diseases caused by a Disordered State of the Stomach and Liver. 
This preparation is no whiskey substitute, but a strictly medicinail 
COMPOUND, which, if taken according to directions, will always afforu- 

RELIEF. 

PRICE : FZFTV CZSrrTS FEB. BOTTLE. 

lI^=Prepared only by WM. E. FRENCH, 

Wholesale and Manufacturing Druggist, 
202 Sycamore street, Petersburg, Va.. 



J78 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 






Tlie best and mcst reliable Aiiti-D.ysiieptic Medicine 
ever ollered to tlie Piiblie. 



When such distinguished men as the late President Martin Van Buren, 
•George E. Badger, late Secretary of the Navy; Gov. Edward Stanly, 
of California; Gov. Iredell, of North Carolina; Senators Talmage, of 
New York ; Preston, of South Carolina ; Henderson, of Mississippi ; 
Judge H. Potter, of U. S. Court ; Judge Thomas Gholson, of Virginia ; 
Hon. Beverly Tucker, of Virginia; (ien. McComh, of Georgia ; W. H. 
Appleton, of New York; Rev. Dr. F. L. Hawks, of New York; Doc- 
tors Minge and Corp.in Braxton of \'irginia ; Drs. T. L. Johnson, of Mis- 
sissippi ; Young, of Tennessee; Bond, Manning and Jones, of North 
•Carolina; and a host of other such men give strong certificates of the 
value of a medicine, IT MUST HA VE INTRINSIC WORTH. All 
this is true of Beckwith's Anti-Dyspeptic Pills, and to-day they are as 
good as when these certificates were written. 

READ THE FOLLOWING CERTIFICATES. 



HON. MARTIN VAN P.UREN, 

Late President U. S. 

** Beckwith's Anti-Dyspeptic Pills for eight ye.irs 

> Iiave s.-ivcd me from the necessity of employ inij a phys- 

iciaii in a single case. I cannot trust myself without 

HON. GEORGE E. BADGER, 
Late Secretary of Navy. 
•*I believe them myself to be the beet Anti-Dys- 
' Septic medicine ever offered to the public." 

HON. BEVERLY TUCKER, 
Late Professor William and Mary College. 
*' I suffered for fourteen years from diseased liver, 
disordered digestion and a constitution in ruins. From 
• the use of Beckwith's Anti-Dyspeptic Pills, I can now 
eal what I please, do what I please, sleep goundly and 
enjoy life as much as any man." 

A host of other certificates of equal strength are in the hands of the proprietor. For more than seventy 
•years this medicine has maintained its high reputation. Now what is Dyspepsia? It is one or more of the 
tollowing : Heartburn, Sick Stomach, Headache, Tasting your food after eating. Spitting up your Food, Con* 
stipation. Torpid Liver, Indigestion, Colic, Nervous Irritability, Dizziness, Disturbed Sleep, with distressing 
dreams and untold sufferings. BECKWITH'S ANTI-DYSPEPTIC PILLS have cured thousands of such 
sufferers, and will do it agnin. No medicine was ever sustained by such undoubted testimony. Try them^ 

E. R. Beckwith, pharmacist, now manufactures these invaluable Pills fiom the Original Recipe of his 
Ifrandfathcr, Dr. John Beckwith. 

FORTY PILLS IN A BOX--PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS. 



JUDGE THOMAS S. GHOLSON, 
of Virginia. 
" I take no othei medicine. I confidenty recom« 
mend them to the public." 

M*D:soN, Ind., March loth, 1884. 
" My attention was drawn to these pills many years 
ago by the Hon. Geo. K. Badger, of North Carolina, 
while suffering under some unpleasant derangement 
of the stomach. 1 experienced then, and have 
since, great relief from their use. I have no hesi- 
tancy in recommending them as an ag:eeable remedy 
for the diseases enumerated in your circular." 

J. H. WOOLFOBD. 



Cbdab FAl,t.s, Iowa, March 22, 18S4. 
" I am using your Pills with great benefit. I think 
they are the best anti-dyspeptic pills I ever used. I 
travel a good deal, and carry them with me." 

W. S. GARRISON. 



E. R. BECKWITH, Pharmacist, 



Cor. Market and Halifax St; 
t^-sold bv druggists generally. 



Petersp.ukg, Va. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



179 



WM. F. SPOTSWOOD, 

APOTHECARY, 

CORNER BDLLINEBRDDK & SYCfiMDRE STS,, 
PETERSBURG. Fd. 

" WM. H. GSMP, 

BBS) MjoamoFB &iF0©i, 

PBTBRSBURG. VA, 




DEALER IN PURE AND RELIABLE DRUGS AND MEDICINES, 
Fancy and Toilet Articles, Paints, Oils, Glass and Putty, Cigars and To- 
bacco and everything usually kept in a First-Class Drug Store. 
J^^Use Carbolated Dent aline for the Teeth. 

Cor .Scyamore and Tabb streets, Petersburg-, Va. 



l8o HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

VALENTINE'S MEAT JUICE WORKS, 

RICHMOND, VA. 

There is, perhaps, no name which has been more directly instrumental 
in spreading the fame of our State's Capital, as a great manufacturing city^ 
than that of Mann S. Valentine, whose Meat Juice is not only an import- 
ant article of commerce, but has also been long accounted one of the rich- 
est blessings known to invalids of all the nations upon earth. This inval- 
uable extract has earned and secured the hearty endorsement of the Med. 
ical Faculty in all lands, and has been awarded medals and diplomas at 
the "Centennial Exposition (Philadelphia) in 1876, the "Exposition Uni- 
versal" (Paris) in 1878, the "Domestic and Scientific Exhibition'' 
(Brighton, England), in 1881, and the " Medical and Scientific Exhibi- 
tion (London) in iSSi. 

But more significant than even these high testimonials of genuine worth 
is the substantial commercial success with which Mr. Valentine's enterprise 
and perseverance have been attended. As the virtues of this wonderful 
essence became gradually known and appreciated, orders began to pour in 
from all sides with ever- increasing volume, and before long it was found im- 
possible to supply the demand without additional accommodation. From 
time to time extensions were made, until every available inch of the old 
premises was utilized ; but the relief was only temporary, and at last it be- 
came necessary to erect new works, suitable for the requirements of this 
large and growing trade. A convenient site was accordingly purchased 
and the handsome four-story-and-basement structure on the corner of Cary 
and Sixth Streets, completed and occupied during the summer of 1884 
testifies alike to the enterprise, good taste and practical judgment of Mr. 
Valentine and his associates. 

The building is of course constructed with direct reference to the va- 
rious stages through which this famous extract must pass before it assumes 
its commercial form as " Valentine's Meat Juice," and no expense has been 
spared in making the works complete in every department. The machin- 
ery and all the intricate combinations of pipes, pumps, syphons, stop-cocks 
etc., which the proper treatment of the essence requires, were mainly de- 
signed by Mr. Valentine himself, who has offered a standing prize for any 
■ improvement in the appliances of the works, by any of his operatives, 
which will save labor or make perfection more perfect. The building 
fronts seventy-eight feet on Cary Street by a depth of one hundred feet on 
Sixth Street, and is built of brick, with iron front • and granite basement. 
It is very handsomely fitted up inside, and finished in oiled and highly- 
polished heart-pine and walnut. 

It is impossible, within the limits of this article, to describe the various 
departments and their uses, for their name is Legion. Suffice it to say that 
from the time the beef is received in the " treatment room " until the 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. igl 

Meat Juice is bottled for shipment, it must pass the most delicate and se- 
vere tests in each stage of its manufacture, and must finally conform to that 
standard of purity, density and clearness which has been established by 
Mr. Valentine, as the result of careful study and practical experience ex- 
tending over many years. 

Valentine's Meat Juice is extracted from the flesh of only the healthiest 
and finest beef cattle, from fifteen to twenty thousand pounds of which is 
slaughtered daily for the purposes of this one specialty. 

At the Centennial Exposition, in 1876, Valentine's Meat Juice received 
the highest award for " Excellence of its method of preparation, whereby 
it more nearly represents fresh meat than any other extract of meat, its 
freedom from disagreeable taste, its fitness for immediate absorption and 
the perfection in which it retains its good qualities in warm climates." 
Since then it has attained world-wide popularity, simply and solely by vir- 
tue of its own intrinsic merit. It is easily portable, and is therefore of 
special benefit to the traveller by land or sea. It is absolutely unaffected 
by change of temperature or climate, having proved itself of equal value 
in the tropics, where its consumption is rapidly increasing, and in the Polar 
Seas, whither it was taken by the medical officers connected with the Greely 
Relief Expedition. 

Mr. Valentine has associated with him in the several departments of his 
business, Mr. Ira W. Blunt, and his four sons, Messrs. G. G., M. S Jr B 
B. and F. S. Valentine. • j •' • 



Me£0oi, BeioFB it m iQO) Mmi0 / 



Are you a sufferer from Dyspepsia, Sick Headache, Sour Stomach, Op- 
pression, Constipation, Nervous Debility, Loss of Sleep or Bad Digestion ? 
If you are, go 'at once to your druggist, get a bottle of 

DR. D'ARMSTADTS 

ANTI-DYSPEPTIC DROPS, 

AND BE CURED. 

THEY HAVE NOT THEIR EQUAL, as thousands will testify. 
PRICE, 75 CENTS. SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS 

PURCELL, LflDD S CO., 
Wholesale Agents, Richmond, Va. 



X83 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 




GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 183 









s? § .-2 



td 



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W 1^ §S in 



1S4 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

INSURANCE. 



To the nervous person in moderate circumstances, regardless of age, sex 
or occupation, there are few things capable of yielding such solid comfort 
as the possession of a sufficient Policy of Insurance — fire or life — with a 
first-class Company. Indeed, no prudent man will leave his property un- 
protected against the risk of fire, or his family unprovided for in the event 
of his death, when a trifling outlay in the form of premiums will absolutely 
insure him against pecuniary loss — possibly ruin — and his family, after he 
is gone, from poverty. When a man's property, whether it be his fac- 
tory, warehouse, store or dwelling-house, is covered to its full value by re- 
liable insurance against the accidental spark or the malice of the incen- 
diary, the peal of the fire-alarm is robbed to his ear,'of half its customary 
terrors, for it awakens in him no dread of personal disaster; and when he 
knows that immediately upon his death those nearest and dearest ones who 
now depend upon him for support, will receive a sum of money sufficient to 
guard them at least against want, if not enough to supply them with their 
accustomed comforts, his last days are unclouded by those tortures of ap- 
prehension which would otherwise necessarily assail him. Nay, more; it 
is an established medical fact that a comparatively mild form of disease 
is not unfrequently aggravated until it becomes fatal, by just such anxiety 
as an insurance policy would allay or avert ; and it 'follows, therefore, that 
the Life Insurance Companies are often actually instrumental in prolong- 
ing life, as well as in fulfilling the avowed beneficent objects of their in- 
corporation. 

As in business transactions generally, so in the matter of fire or life in- 
insurance, the wise man will have no dealings with other than sound and 
respectable companies, and there are so many of this class represented in 
Petersburg, each offering some special advantage or attraction, that the 
intending insurer is puzzled to make a selection, while he would be perfectly 
perhaps equally — safe with all. Besides the Petersburg Savings and In- 
surance Company, whose stockholders and directors are among the most 
prominent and responsible of our manufacturers, merchants and profes- 
sional men, nearly every first-class Insurance Company doing business in 
the United States is represented in Petersburg by its duly authorized and 
appointed agent, and their aggregate assets amount to scores of millions 
of dollars. There are also several Benevolent Societies established in the 
City, having a life-insurance element which has proved very attractive and 
led to the enrollment of numerous members. 

Risks and possible evils of all kinds should be continually provided 
against, as a matter of business and as a matter of principle, and every un- 
insured person who estimates his property as worth protecting and his fam- 
ily as worth providing for, and who also duly appreciates the blessing of 
a mind unburdened of unnecessary care, will remedy the omission as speed- 
ily as possible by taking out policies, according to his means, on his life 
and worldly possessions. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 1 85 

The Petersburg Savings and Insurance Co. 

INCORPORATED 1860. 

Fred. R. Scott, President. D. B. Dugger, Cashier. 
Alex. Donnan, Vice-President. E. W. Butcher, Secretary. 
Wm. H. Scott, Assistant Secretary. 
CAPITAL, $200,000. 

~ CARTER R. BISHOP, 

Insurance Agent 

OFFICE : 62/2 SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG, VmGINIA. 

Cuthbert g^ Sons, 

FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE AGENTS. 

37 Bank Street, Fetersburg, Va. 

BENJAMIN HARRISON, 

INSUBAJSCE AGENT, 

110 Sycamore Street (Over Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company), 
PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, 
Representing some of the Largest Companies in the United States. 
C^^Fire Insurance respectfully solicited. 

JONES & STEVENS, 

GENERAL INSURANCE AGENTS. 

LIFE, FIRE, MARINE AND ACCIDENT. 

106 Sycamore (Opposite Tabb) Street, - - - Petersburg, Va. 
Dr. J. E. MoYLER. R. O. Egerton. 

J. Edward Moyler & Co., 

General Insiiranoe and Real Estate Agents, 

FOR RENTING PROPERTY. 
Office: Masonic Building, Petersburg, Va. 

"^ B. B. PEGRAM" ^ 

£ M^ @ Xjr R Jk M^ O B A ® ]^ Sf ^. 

ROOM / MECHANICS' BUILDING, 
Corner Tabb and Sycamore Streets, I^etersburg, Va. 



l86 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, CARPETS, ETC. 

What pen, especially it it be of the masculine persuasion, shall attempt 
to depict the wonders of that "Woman's Paradise," a first-class Dry- 
Goods Store, a mere catalogue of whose ordinary stock would fill many a 
close-writ page ! Let not the reader be troubled, for the attempt will not 
be made here. Suffice it to say that Petersburg can show as handsome and 
as well-stocked establishments devoted to this particular class of merchan- 
dise as any city in Virginia, or elsewhere in the South. Our principal 
Dry Goods and Notions Stores are in the Iron-Front Building, an engrav- 
ing of which is shown on page forty-nine. It comprises five lofty stories 
and basement. All the stores referred to carry heavy stocks of Dry Goods, 
Notions, and other kindred articles. The wholesale departments do a very 
satisfactory business, which is mostly confined to Virginia, the Carolinas 
and Georgia; but the area covered by this trade is gradually being e.\- 
tended. Most of our Dry Goods houses are also supplied with full lines of 
Carpets, of all descriptions and the products of all lands, as well as mats, 
rugs, druggets, and other similar wares. All their goods are guaranteed 
not to exceed Northern prices, and their assortments are as complete as 
are to be met with in any other city. The capital involved in the Dry 
Goods Trade, and those affiliated with it, is necessarily very large, and the 
sales for the year 18S4 are estimated to have exceeded $400,000. 



G. L. CROWDER & BRO. 

Have greatly Improved and Enlarged their Premises, and now carry a 
Much Larger and Better Assorted Stock of 

DRY GOODS, FANCY GOODS, NOTIONS, 
CARPETS, MATTINGS, OIL CLOTHS, 
WINDOW SHADES, LACE CURTAINS, 
BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, CAPS, CLOTHING, 
LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S CLOAKS, 

UNDERWEAR, UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, JEWELRY, 
RIBBONS, COTTONS, EMBROIDERY SILKS, YARNS, 

SCHOOL BOOKS, SLATES, STATIONERY, 

QLASa WABF, LAMPS, GLQGES, PIGTUBB FEAME^, &C. 

2^^We pay special attention to having the best bargains that can be 
offered in BLACK CASHMERES and other BLACK GOODS and 
CRAPES. 

Trunks at Factory Prices. Suits Made to Order. 

Come and see us and we will please you. 

G. L. Crowder & Bro., 

23S Old street Near the Head , - - - Petersburg, Virginia. 



\ 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



ESTABLISHED 1859. 



187 



A. ROSENSTOGK & CO. 

FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC 



DRY GOODS, 



NOTIONS, 




C 

"A 

GO 



FANCY GOODS, 

rQen's Furi]is]iii]g Goods, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

No. 1 Iron Front Building, Sycamore Street, 

PETERSBURG. VA. 



l88 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

J, E. ROCKWE^U 
Nivtlt; k: Mi, Tm iliisr;, 

S/LA'S AXD FELVETS, 

FANCY GOODS AND NOTIONS. 

-pHEADQUARTEKS FOR— 

Black Crapes and Mourning Goods. 

SUITS COMPLETED TO ORDER. 

Bridal Trousseaux a gpecialtij. 

136 Sycamore Street, - - - Petersburg^ Virginia, 

GEORGE H. DAVIS 8^ CO., 

JOBBERS AND RETAILERS OF 

DRY GOODS AND NOTIONS, 

No, 2 Bon Front Building, 

Guarantee to sell goods at Wholesale at NEW YORK PRICES. Keep 
full lines of SILKS, SATINS, VELVETS, and every variety of Dress 
Goods. Carpets, Rugs, Oil Cloths and Curtains, Domestics, Cassimers, 
and everything pertaining to a first-class Dry Goods establishment. 

WHOLESALE AND KETAIL DEALER IX 

No. 127 North Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 189 

WEARING APPAREL. 



. The above words are intended only to apply, in this instance, to Boots 
and Shoes, Hats and Caps, Clothiers' and Tailors' Goods, and Men's Fur- 
nishing Goods generally, and not to those unfathomable mysteries of fem- 
inine attire which are distracting even to think upon, and cannot possibly 
be either enumerated or described. These combined interests require con- 
siderable capital, and it is estimated that in Petersburg not less than 
^150,000 are invested in them. The Boot and Shoe business, in its whole- 
sale department, is very far-reaching, and goods supplied by Petersburg 
houses are to be found in every portion of Central and Western Virginia, 
in the two Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee and other Southern 
States, One of our Boot and Shoe houses, that of Augustus Wright, has a 
flourishing branch establishment at Roanoke. Hats and Caps also form 
another link in the chain which binds us commercially to the people of 
adjoining States, and sales in this line are heavy, especially in Virginia 
and North Carolina, where the bulk of the business is done. The same 
may be truly said of Clothiers' and Tailors' Goods and Men's Furnishing 
Goods, the trade in which is extending gradually, and will doubtless some 
day overspread a much more extended territory. All these different 
branches of Petersburg's business are in the hands of sterling business men, 
who are intimately acquamted with the wants of their respective trades, 
and thoroughly understand them in their most minute details. Having 
sufficient working capital, they are enabled to take advantage of every de- 
pression in the market, and to buy up at low figures whatever may be suit- 
able to their business. By these means they can often sell to the retail 
trade and individual consumers at better prices than the manufacturer 
would be willing to accept during his busy season. 



DEALERS IN 

Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps and Trunks, 

NO 142 NORTH SYCAMORE ST., Petersburg, Va. 

WHOLESxVLE AND EETAIL DEALER IN 

Boots and Shoes, Leathef and Shoe Findings, 

138 SYCAMOBE STREET, Peter shnr fj , J a. 



[90 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 



©^ 




Mffi> 



Trunks, Valises, Leather, 



FINDINGS, &a, &a 



THE URGEST UNO MOST COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF GOODS 



TO BE FOUND IN THE CITY. 



m mmM 18 S 



•w mft^i^f*^- 



PBTERSBURG, ¥A. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I9II 

J. M. MUNFORD, Nottoway Co., > / J. C. JAMES, 

Late with A. Wright, ) (Late with A. Wright.. 



DEALERS IN 

BOOTS, SHOES, 

TRUNKS, VALISES, cfcCl, 

NO. -153 NORTH SYCAMORE STREET. 

(NEXT TO YOUNG'S JEWELRY STORE,) 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



Slje ":ReliabIe" Sljirt-II^aker. 

MANUFACTUKER OF 

The Celebfated "Perfection" Linen-Bosom Shirt,, 



AND THE CELEBRATED 



DouUe-Seated Eeinforced Drawers.. 

ALSO DEALER IN 

READY-MADE CLOTHING, DRY G00DS,1 HATS,, 

AlflD GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS, 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



t92 



HISTORICAL AXL) INDUSTRIAL 



^IKOSa Mo 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 









^ 










^ 






Ladies' and JVIisses' Gloal^s, 



17 niToi^-TS s"Y"CJ^:ivi:OK/E st., 



IPIETI;T{S33UIRB,, va 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



HARRISON & CO. 

ON THE CORNER, 




f48 SYCAMORE {Cor. Lombard) ST., 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, 



[94 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



OLD DOMION MT FACTORY 




Wholesale and Retail, 



We employ the MOST EXPERIENCED CUTTERS and SKILLED 
'OPERATORS, and use the most improved steam machinery in our factory. 
Printed Blanks for Self-Measurement sent on application. 
Orders solicited. 



RICHMOND, VA. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I95 



MERCHANT TAILOR, 

16 N. Ninth Street, Ricktmond, Virginia. 

Being compelled to reside in Richmond in order to personally superin- 
tend his large business in that city, will in future attend to the wants of his 
Petersburg friends by visiting them twice a month with a full line of samples. 

W. E. BUTCHER. J. M. QUICKE. 

W. JE. BUTCHER & CO,, 

No. 8 NORTH SYCAMORE STREET, Peter sburg, Va. 

NOAH WALKER & CO., 

ierchmmt Tailor b^, 



ALEX. F: SHORT, J. GEO. WILKINSON, AGENTS. 
143 SYCAMORE STREET, Petersburg , Virginia. 

FURNITURE. 



This trade has assumed much importance in Petersburg of late years, 
and now employs a cash capital of about $100,000. Ordinary household 
necessaries could always be obtained here as well as elsewhere, but the 
handsomer and more expensive articles and sets were generally sought 
in Richmond, or even still further away, until those now engaged in the 
business took advantage of the opportunity thus opened to enterprise. Our 
furniture warerooms now contain large and varied assortments of stock, 
and every taste and every pocket can be suited, at factory prices, whether 
the articles be required for parlor, drawing-room, dining-room, chamber, 
office or school. There are several firms engaged here in this business, 
and they can afford to sell their goods at reasonable figures, for the reason 
that they make their purchases at the manufactories and obtain the most 
favorable terms. Central Virginia and North Carolina find this a most ad- 
vantageous market at which to make their purchases, and each year brings 
increased business to our dealers. Here, as in other places, there are 
those to be met with who refuse to acknowledge genuine excellence unless 
they import it direct from some distant market, but experience has taught 
the great majority of consumers that it is more economical, as well as infi- 
nitely more satisfactory, to deal with merchants whom they know person- 
ally and meet every day, reliable and responsible business men, who are 
always accessible when, through some accident or unsuspected flaw, a 
guarantee may have to be made good. 



196 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



W. M. HABLISTON & CO., 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 

FURNITURE, MATTRESSES, 

BABY CARRIAGES, &C. 




We call spcLUi. cvi-Lcwiiuii to our inuacnse stock, which is larger than the 
combined stock of all other furniture stores in the city, and one of the 
largest in the South, which enables us to offer superior inducements over 
any house in this section, and to duplicate that of any other house in the 
country. 

PARLOR SUITES, upholstered in Silk and Mohair, Plushes, Raw and 
Spun Silk, Satin Delaines, Reps, Hair Cloth, &c. ItHid 

CHAMBER SUITES, in Mahogany, Walnut, Cherry, Ash, Poplar, &c. 

WARDROBES, HAT RACKS, Sideboards, Desks, Extension Tables, 
Marble-Top Tables. Library Tables, Rattan Chairs, Walnut, Oak and Art 
Chairs, Leather Dining Chairs, Children's Chairs, Reception Chairs, 
Patent Reclining Chairs, &c. 

BEDSTEADS, MATTRESSES, Springs, Sofa Lounges, Safes, Book 
Cases, Bolsters, Pillows. &c. 

BABY CARRIAGES in Rattan, Willow and Wood Bodies, with Para- 
sol, Canopy or Hood Tops. 

I^^We cordially invite you to examine our stock. 

W. M. HABLISTON & CO., 



No. 20 N. Sycamore Street, 



Petersburg, Virginia, 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. I97 

GARY & CO., 



DEALERS IN 



FURNITURE, CHINA, GLASS-WARE, 

PLATED- WARE, 

Lamps, Tio-Waie and House Pufnistiiog Goods. 

urge; stock and i,ow prices. 

BQl mmdi Mm BjQmmme Bim^i, 

PETERSBURG, VA, 

L. HERRING, 

Wood- Ware, Crockery, Tinware, Etc. 

DEALER IN BROOMS, BUCKETS, TUBS, WASH-BOARDS, 
CHURNS, MATCHES, BLACKING, PAPER TWINE. 

KiffiMQ^l© it@li^W4H^'*tii lilt to lli Masiila 

Manufacturer of BROOMS, BRUSHES, WHISKS, TIN- WARE, &c. 
No. 6 BANK STREET, Petersburg, Va. 

ESTABMSMBB I§5f . 

King's South-Side Dye Works, 

AND STEAM CLEANING ESTABLISHMENT. 

First Clas^ Premium and Medal of 'the Baltimore Mecliamcs Institute awarded'for 
Best Work in ^57. •■ - ■ - ^ -•--..-- '■■■'. •' 

E. KTNGf St%'f JV^o. 134i Sucamore St., JPetersburg, Va, 



ipS HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

ESTABLISHED 1858. 

JAMES T. MORRISS, 

yi^BERipKER, 



NO. 2 SOUTH SYCAMORE STREET, 
PETERSBURG, FA, 



A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF 

Metallic and Wooden Coffins and Caskets, 

PLAIN, CLOTH-COVERED AND ORNAMENTAL. 

Also Burial Robes in Several Varieties. 



t^^AU orders by letter or telegraph will receive prompt attention. 
I have had twenty-seven years' experience in the Undertaking business, 
and guarantee satisfaction in all respects. 

JAMES T, 3IOBBISS. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



199 




LEflTH 



<>^ 125 and 141 N. Sycamore Street, 

PETERSBURG, VA. 

All Kinds of Photogfaphic Woik 

EXECUTED 

IN THE VERY LATEST STYLES. 



BOOKS, STATIONERY. PIANOS, ETC. 



The quality and quantity of reading matter in circulation among the 
people of any community will be found to be a very accurate test of their 
intellectual capacity and refinement. Where there are well patronized cir- 
culating libraries and book stores, carrying large and well-selected assort- 
ments of standard literature, there will also most certainly be found a large 
proportion of cultivated and well-informed readers. And this may justly be 
claimed for Petersburg, where the book business is conducted by men 
whose own high education and mental culture eminently qualify them to 
cater to the intellectual requirements of their neighbors. The Circulating 
Library of Messrs. T. S. Beckwith & Co. is worthy of special mention, as a 
most important contributor to the education and enjoyment of our intelligent 
people of all ages. It contains about three thousand well-selected volumes, 
which are constantly being added to, and comprises every class of enter- 
taining and instructive literature. We have several handsome and well- 
stocked book and stationery stores, where all commodities usually kept 
by first-class establishments of the kind are to be found in great abundance 
and endless variety, including choice paintings, engravings photographs, 
and a host of other articles which may be grouped under the generic term 
*' fancy." Combined with the book and stationery business is that of 
Pianos, Organs and Music, and our dealers represent the most famous 
factories in the country, and always keep on hand a large selection of 
first-class instruments. 




200 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

T. S. BECKWITH & CO., 

DEALERS IN 

PIANOa ORGANS, 



BOOK AND SHEET MUSIC, 

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOL BOOKS, 

•:rF^j\ICY•^6e6D3,•^3T^'PIGNEI^Y,•^§C.•5> 




WEBER, KXABE, 

DECKER, HARDMAN, 

NEW ENGLAND, PEASE, 



(DEB. 

ESTEY, 

CHASE, 



PELOUBET. 

THE VERY BEST INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURED. 

BOOKS AND FANCY ARTICLES of all kinds. 

ALBUMS, BIBLE.S, PRAYER-BOOKS and other Publications suitable 
for presents. 

A I^arge and Select Circulating I^itoarij. 

^^^Strangers and Visitors are invited to make themselves at 'home^in 
the spacious Reading Room, where Books, Papers, Magazines and Writing 
Materials are always at their service. 

108 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Ya. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



mil]. L £[in]n]ER ^ go, 

MANUFACTURING STATIONERS, 

Printers, En^ravsrs ui Eiank h\ Maksrs. 



JOBBERS AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 

gcliool and Miscellaneous Books. 



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We make a specialty of TOBACCO WORK, TAGS, STRIPS, LABELS, 
&c. Our Tags are machine-cut and gummed. We guarantee them to 
work on Tobacco satisfactorily and to be the best Tag offered to the trade. 

ENGRAVED OR PRINTED LETTER, NOTE AND BILL HEADS, 
ENVELOPES, CHECKS, &c., executed with taste and dispatch. 



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FIAW© AMm ®M®AM »IBFAM1PMBKl?a 

Agents for the Celebrated 
FISCHER, STEINWAY AND CHICKERING PIANOS. 

MASON & HAMLIN, BURDETT AND SHONINGER ORGANS. 
We represent the best makes of Pianos and Organs in America. You 
can save money bv buying of us. 

We have the MOST COMPLETE ESTABLISHMENT in the South. 
AVrite us for prices and samples. Everything we sell guaranteed as repre- 
ented, or money refunded. 

W3I. L. Zni3IEB iSt CO., 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

THE 




FI-A.3SrOS 

Have the endorsement of OVER ONE HUNDRED DH'TERENT 

COLLEGES, SEMINARIES AND SCHOOLS, as to their durability. * 

They are perfect in tone and workmanship, and elegant in appearance. 

CHAS. M. STIEFF, ' 

No. 9 North Liberty St., 



> KS>^c-*- ^ 



ALSO GENERAL WHOLESALE AGENT FOR 

Burdett, Palace & Hew England 

ORGANS. ORGANS. 

PIANOS AND ORGANS sold on easy instalments. 

PIANOS taken in exchange; also thoroughly repaired. 

Send for illustrated Piano or Or^ran Catalogue. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



203 



FI-A-DSr OS 

GRAND, UPRIGHT 5 SQUARE. 




The superiority of the " STIEFF " PIANO is recognized and acknowl- 
edged by the highest musical authorities, and the demand for them is as 
steadily increasing as their merits are becoming more extensively known. 

HIGHEST HOIJOHS 

over all American and many European rivals AT THE EXPOSITION, 
PARIS, 1878. 
A large assortment of SECOND-HAND PIANOS always on hand. 

CHARLEB M. STIEFF. 

No. 9. North Liberty Street, 

BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. 



204 



HISTORICAL AM) INDUSTRIAL 



F. E. PUGH & CO., 

And Dealers in 

PICTURE FRAMES, ALBUMS, BRACKETS AND FANCY GOODS. 
FINE CICARS, TOBACCO, SNUFF AND PIPES. 

Af>ENT FOR 

All Periodicals Published at Publishers' Prices. 



NO. 109 SYAMORE STREET, 



PETERSBURG. VA. 



Wl 
Hi 

m 

Ms 

Hi 




-i: 






n OS 



n M cQ -«-= 

S H g III? 



J. H. CH AT AIGN E, 

ISSUES THE DIllECTOKIES OF 

Virginict Stat&f, ^5,Q0 ; NQrtb C'arQlina BtatQ, $S,QQ / 

MicIu)ioii(h V(i.9 $4.00: Petet'shurg, la., $3.00 ; 

Norfolk, Va., $3.00; Alexandria, Va., $.00. 



ALL THE PIUNCIPAL DIKECTOIUES OF THE UNITED ST.\TES ON FILE 
AND FOK SALE. 

Principal Office: 1,100 EAST MAIN STREET, 



GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 



205 



CARRIAGES, HARNESS, ETC. 



One of the first things noticed by an observant visitor to a strange town is 
the number and style of the carriages moving upon its thoroughfares, and it 
may be stated, without boasting, that in this respect Petersburg will compare 
most favorably with any other Southern City. The reason for this is easily 
explained. Among our most enterprising citizens are several experienced 
and practical dealers in Carriages and Buggies, and manufacturers of Har- 
ness and Saddlery, who thoroughly understand their business and force 
trade by offering the very best articles at prices which absolutely defy com- 
petition. Every variety of private equipage, from the family coach to the 
racing "sulky," can be procured here, at one or other of our carriage re- 
positories, together with every style and make of harness, saddlery, whips, 
lap-rugs, and other items of stable outfit. The planters and farmers who 
bring their produce here also find it very much to their advantage to deal 
with our harness manufacturers, whose goods they find cheap and service- 
able. The most famous carriage factories in the country are represented 
by our dealers, while the harness and saddlery of their own manufacture is 
guaranteed to be of the best material and workmanship. 



P, F. JOH 



CO,, 



Manufacturers of and Dealers in 






5 MilVl«.JLUM5 JLTXJLVLXUM, 

AND ALL KINDS OF 




HORSE FURNISHING GOODS. 



7 LOHN^B^I^r) STIE^EET, 
PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



206 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



P. M. STE^A^ARD 



DEALER IN 



^6arriages/!-Pl)aetoi]S/i-^ockaways,-<* 




Noe 



TOP BUGGIES, OPEN BUGGIES, &C. 



MANUFACTUKER OF 



Harness, Saddles, Bridles, &c, 

The Harness Department of my business has been established forty 
years. My stock is well assorted in the different styles and qualities, from 
the Cheapest Plow Harness to Fine Carriage Harness. 

I HAVE ALSO A LaRGE AND SELECTED StOCK OF 

CARRIAGE AND BUGGY ROBES, 

LAP DUSTERS, FLY NETS, BOOTS, 

HORSE BLANKETS, WHIPS, SPURS, 

HARNESS OIL, SOAP, CHAMOIS SKINS, &c., &c. 

P. M. STEWARD, 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



20 f 



WM. H. HARRISON, 



MANUFACTURER OF 




JLLSO JD:Eij^jL:Hi:Ei iisr 



Carriages, Buggies & Wagons,, 

NO. 9 BANK STREET, PETERSBURG, VA. 



BAGS AND BAGGING. 



The enormous increase in Petersburg's trade in Cotton, Fertilizers andi 
Peanuts — especially the latter — created an opening two years ago for the 
manufacture of bags, and already this industry has become extremely ben- 
eficial to those who use its products, and profitable to its enterprising- foun- 
ders. There is only one Bag Factory in the City, and it is kept busy at all 
seasons filling orders not only from Petersburg houses, but also from those- 
of Richmond, Norfolk and other manufacturing centres, where its work 
has given unqualified satisfaction. The burlap, of which the bags are- 
made, is manufactured in Scotland and comes here direct through the agents- 
in New York. Our supply of bags was formerly drawn from the Nor- 
thern factories, with which our Petersburg factory now competes at the- 
same or even lower prices for exactly the same material, thus saving the- 
consumers the item of freight, at least — a small item, it is true, when esti- 
mated upon a single bag, but an important saving upon a year's consump- 
tion. 




ZOS HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

VIRGINIA BAG FACTORY, 

CARTER R. BISHOP & CO., 



MANUFACTURERS OF 







--FOR-- 

Peanuts, Fertilizers, Grain, Flour, Meal, Sumac, &c., 
PLAIN OR PRINTED. 

Headquarters for Sacks, Bags and Bag Twine. 

OUR FACTORY IS RUN BY STEAM, AND HAVING RECENTLY 

DOUBLED OUR CAPACITY, WE ARE NOW PREPARED 

TO EXECUTE ALL ORDERS WITH NEATNESS 

AND DISPATCH. 

OUR LARGE AXD RAPIDLY GROWING TRADE DEMONSTRATES 
TMAT ©U31 BDODS 

•AHE AS WE EEPRESENT THEM AND DUE PRICES MODERATE. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 205 

MISCELLANEOUS. 



-:o: 



In the preceding pages special attention has been directed, under dis- 
tinctive headings, to each of the principal branches of trade and industry 
which engage the manufacturing and mercantile classes of Petersburg, and 
it must be admitted that not only does the present condition of her affairs 
make a most creditable showing, but also that her existing advantages are 
in a fair way to be considerably augmented, and that her future is rich in 
promises of continually mcreasing prosperity — promises which will cer- 
tainly be redeemed, provided the people remain faithful to themselves and 
to their traditions. In addition to the more prominent subjects already 
reviewed, there are others, too numerous for separate classification, and 
yet too productive of good, in their combined influence upon the com- 
munity, to justify their being passed by without mention. Among Peters- 
burg's manufactories there is one which has flourished here for more than 
forty years, devoted to the production of that most indispensable article. 
Soap. Another, although comparatively young, has killed competition 
through a large section of the Southern Country in the matter of Trunks, 
Valises and the like. The Butter Dish and Fruit Basket Factories, already 
noticed, are doing an excellent and ever-growing trade with all sections 
of the country, and giving employment to hundreds of white women of the 
poorer classes, who could find no other form of manual labor suitable to 
their sex which would enable them to earn their living respectably. Cot- 
ton, hair and shuck Mattresses are made in considerable numbers at a Pe- 
tersburg factory and distributed through the adjoining counties. The City 
Cemeteries and rural graveyards for many miles around, are supplied with 
beautiful marble shafts and tomb-stones which bear the "imprint" of 
the Cockade Marble Works, as do also many of the ornaments that adorn 
our handsome residences. Oar Florists and Nurserymen are without 
superiors in the various details of their interesting trade and the choice 
est flowers can be had in profusion, at an hour's notice, during any month 
in the year. The windows and show cases of our Jewelry Stores sparkle 
with rich gems and present a most attractive assortment of watches, clocks, 
gold and silver ware, and such other articles as pertain to this department 
of trade. Such goods as China and Glass Ware are to be found here in as 
great variety and at as low prices as in the large Northern Cities. Our 
plumbers, paper-hangers, tinners, boot and shoe ms.kers, builders, black- 
smiths and mechanics of all kinds, furnish excellent work, each in his own 
line ; while our photographic artists turn out first-class work in all styles, 
and faithfully reproduce, in most becoming manner, the very superior ef- 
forts of those other artists, the Milliners and Tailors. The City is also well 
supplied with Livery and Sale Stables ; buggies, hacks and saddle-horses 
are numerous and can be hired at moderate rates. In short, for a city of 
its size and population, there cannot be found one anywhere in which the 
necessaries, comforts and luxuries of life, in all conceivable forms, are 
more abundant or more easily obtainable than they are in Petersburg, and 
if those who have been accustomed to send to distant points for their sup- 
plies will only give us a fair trial, they will certainly have no cause to re- 
gret the experiment, which will no doubt result in securing their perma- 
nent patronage for our "home trade." 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



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GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 

tmMmkM 181 



OCKARE iVlARBr.E VV 



MANUFACTURER OF 



MONUMENTS, HEADSTONES, TABLETS, 




Crosses f Tomb- Stones, Grave- Stones, &a., 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 

Designs Sent to Any Address Free. 

a^-WRITE FOR DESIGNS AND PRICES. 
STCA3IOIIE STREET - - - (Oiyposite Halifax), 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



OLD DOMINION FLANl ML. 

J. C WOOL, 

DEALER IN AND MANUFACTURER OF 

Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, &c. 

>Brackets,'M^eweIs,'t'Ballusters,'J*Stair'{'^aiIs,*4^ 
ROUGH AND DRESSED LUMBER. 

OFFICE : 6 SOUTH SYCAMORE STREET. 

MANUFACTORY: 206 AND 208 LOMBARD STREET. 

PETERSBURG, YIRGINIA. 

LUMBER OF ALL KINDS ALWAYS ON HAND. 

Dressing, Kiln-Drying and Scroll-Sawing 

nt03inLY EXECVTED. 



BUILDERS' HARDWARE. 

All Styles and Sizes of Window Frames & Mantel Pieces 

MADE TO ORDER. 

SATISFACTION GUAR A]!fTEij>, 

BOX MAKING A SPECIALTY. : --'-7':^^^, 



GUIDE TO PETERSnURG, VA. 



213 



T TTTTTT T7 T T ! I T TTT TTTT T I T nT TYI ITf 




214 



H[STORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 




GUIDE TO PETESBURG, VA. 215 

W. D. POYTHRESS, 

*®r! FLOWERS..- ,F ffcS *M 




¥»i "■l""'^"^-- , ((K; * 



S ^^ ^ ^&feX I » 'I 

CUT FLOWERS A SPECIALTY. 

ORDERS BY MAIL OR TELEGRAPH PROMPTLY FILLED AND 
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. 

23 B BYENE 8TBEET, Petersburg,, Va., 



J. M. WHITEHURST, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

Hair, Shuck and Cotton-Top Mattresses, 

ALSO WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DE\LEK IN 

Wall Papers, Windoiv Shades, 
Oil Cloths, flattings, 

Rugs mid Door Mats, 

UphQlsterers,'^ Supplies-, Sedding M&teriaii, 

Ghr^mosp CgrniQeSf, PiGture Frame MguldingSp 4sQn ^Qt 

No. 117 SYCAMORE STREET, Petersburg, Va. 



2l6 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



J. W. YOUNG, 

(SUCCESSOR TO J. T. YOUNG & BRO.) 

JEWELER AND SILVERSMITH, 

OFFERS GREAT BARGAINS IN 

Fine Gold and Silver Watches, Diamonds, Jewelry, Clocks and Silverware. 




The best EYE-STRENGTHENING SPECTACLES AND EYE- 
GLASSES ever used. They are soft, clear and pleasant to the eye. 

CLOCKS from $i.oo to $50, from the best factories, and oruaranteed to 
work well. WATCHES AND JEWELRY REPAIRED by tlie best work- 
men. ENGRAVING done in the best style. 

Corner Sycamore and Bank Streets, Petersburg, Va. 

A. D, HARDING. 



WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER 



AND DEALER IN 



CLOCKS, WATCHES AND JEWELRY. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO CLEANING AND 

MEPAIMING JEWELMY, CLOCKS, WATCHES, &c. 



WEDDING AND GIFT RINGS MADE TO ORDER. 

All Work Warranted. 

140 N. SYCAMORE STREET, PETERSBURG. VA. 



Moderate Charges 




GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 217 

C. F. LAUTERBACK, 

(Formerly with the late E. Richter,) 

^IZIatcl^niaker ai]d Dealer iii Bii^e Jewelry,-^ 

Silver-ware, Watches, Clocks, &c. 

C^^Repairs Executed at Short NoTiCE.-^^a 

144 Syeainorc Stree t, Petersburg, Ta. 

D. BUCHANAN, 
Practical Watctunaker, MaiinfacKirii CroWsmitli aiid Jewelerj 

113 SYCAMORE ST., PETERSBURG, VA., 

Is about to remove to the eleprant new store, No. lU Broad street, 
Richmond, where he will be glad to s^e hid friends and patrons, and to 
retain at least a portion of their patronasre. The business and stock In 
Petersb rg Is now for sale, and GKEAT BARGAINS are offered. 

JAMES SMITH. HUGH R. SMITH. 

JAS, S3IITH i& SON, 

PINE STREET, (Near Washington,) PETERSBURG, VA. 
Tallow and Grease of all kinds bought and sold. 

ESTABLISHED 1858. 

ffi^o :^« Tm 'M^ ^m. 1S3 ~mr^ 
GAS AND STEA3I FITTER, 

No. 7 Bollingbrook St., Petersburg-, Va. 

~ ~ ESTABLISHED 1867. 

ROBT. T. STONE. JOHN W. FRIEND- 

SALE, LIVERY AND HIRING STABLES, 

A fine assortment of HACKS, BUGGIES AND SADDLE HORSES 
always on hand. Good accommodation and ample room for drovers. 
JVO. 40 L03IBAIID ST,, JPetersbuvf/, Va. 

Livery, Sale and Exchange Stables, 

NO. 18 BAJSK STBJEET, Petevshurg, Ta. 



2l8 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

Cr_ ID. BO^W^IE, 

DEALER IN 

FISH, OYSTERS, WILD GAME AND ALL KINDS OF COUNTRY 

PRODUCE. All orders filled with promptness and dispatch. 

NO. 12 BOLLINGBROOK ST., Petersburg, Va. 

UPHOLSTERER, PLAIN AND DECORATIVE 

J^ JIL K* JC: SC - JHL JIL.'im ^i-HEl JR. 

BOOMS NEATLY PAPERED AT SHORT NOTICE. 
144 SYCAMORE STREET, Petersburg. Va. 

LUMBER, WOOD AND COAL. 



The central position occupied by Petersburg, renders her an important 
depot and distributing point for the commodities embraced by the above 
heading. She is within easy reach, by rail and water, of the great pine, 
oak, gum and poplar forests of Virginia and North Carolina, and her com- 
merce with the Northern markets in lumber, boards, planks railroad ties 
and fire-wood, is considerable. There are several saw-mills in and near 
the city, as well as door and window-sash, wooden-dish and basket fac- 
tories. The surrounding country also abounds in saw-mills, and the axe 
and' adze of the woodman are heard incessantly in the forests. Direct 
railroad communication with the famous coal-fields of Virginia and the 
adjoining States, insures to us an abundant and cheap supply of soft or 
bituminous coal ; while the mines of Pennsylvania and Maryland furnish 
us with the excellent hard coal for which they are celebrated. Some of ou^ 
coal and lumber dealers also handle lime, plaster, cement and other build- 
ers' materials, besides straw, hay, oats, etc. These trades, separate and 
combined, are in the hands of experienced, enterprising and reliable firms, 
with plenty of capital to conduct and expand their business according to 
the opportunities legitimately offered. 




k 




LUMBER DEALERS. 

Tobacco Box Lumber a Specialty. 

WASHINGTOJf^ STREET, - - PETEBSBUMG, VA. 



guide to petersburg, va. 219 

Louis L. Marks. Alfred Friend. 

MARKS g^ FRIEND, 

General Commission and Shipping Merchants, 

DEALERS IN 

^HAY, GRAIIT, COAL, LIME AND LUMBER.-?*- 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

_a.&i^ictji-.ttj:e^^i_. lh^^e. 
NO. 113 RIVER STREET, 

PETERSBURG. VIRGINIA. 

J. W. PHILLIPS, 

DEALER IN 

COAL, ¥/QOD, LUMBER, BRICKS, 

RAILROAD TIES, HOOP POLES, &C. 
Office and Yards at Head of High Street, on the Basin, 

PETERSBURG, VA. 

I^^^Order through Telephone. 

WM. J. CHAPPElX 

^Buil(ler'!-ai]d-4-(5oi]tractor,'^ 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



220 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

JOHN L. HOBSON, 

DEALER IN ALL GRADES OF HARD ^ SOFT COAL. 

Office : No. 3 Ta b Street and Pocahontas Bridge, Petersburg, Virginia. 

WM. R. NICHOLS, Coal and Wood Dealer. 

Offices : Cor. East Tabb and Sycamore Sts. and Pocahontas, Petersburg, Va. 
ANTHRACITE, SPLINT, BRIGHT HOPE 

AND STEAM COALS AND WOOD. 
yer/ Lowest Market Prices A/ways Guaranteed. 

Geo. V. Scott. Richard C. Scott. 

GEORGE V. SCOTT & SON, 

Lumber, Coal & General Commission & Shipping Merchants. 
QMoe&m thQ WMri,, Petersburg, Ya.. 

W. T. Harrison. E. M. Barksdale. 

HARRISON & BARKSDALE, 

DEALERS IN LUMBER, LATHS, POSTS, AVOOD, &C., &C 

Second Street, below the Bollingbrook Hotel, Petersburg, ¥a. 

B^^'Estimates furnished and Bills of Lumber filled at lowest figures. 

GEORGE J. ROGERS, 

DEALER IN WOOD AND RAILROAD TIES. 

Cor. Bollingdrook and Fifth Streets, t'ETERSBURG, Va. 



CONFECTIONERY. 

The wholesale and manufacturing Confectioners of Petersburg have al- 
ways done their full share in building up and maintaining the City's trade 
with the outer world ; and it is gratifying to know that their efforts have 
been duly appreciated, and rewarded by the increasing number of orders 
for their delicious products, which include candies, cakes, crackers, pies, 
and other articles calculated to tempt and delight the appetite. Our confec- 
tioners are also large dealers in native fruits of all kinds, fresh, dried and 
crystalized, as well as in imported fruits and confectionery. Affiliated with 
this branch of trade, although not exactly belonging to it, is the wholesale 
and retail dealing in toys of all descriptions ; cigars, tobacco and cigar- 
ettes ; fireworks and other articles which inight be classified as ''fancy 
goods." At certain seasons, — the Christmas holidays, for example — the 
business done by these establishments is enormous, and the employees are 
kept working night and day, filling orders for city custoiners and dispatch- 
ing cases of goods to the villages and hainlets for miles and scores of miles 
around. The sales effected by our wholesale and retail confectioners 
during the year 1884 aggregated nearly a quarter of a million dollars. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 



CHARLES C. ALLEY 

MANUFACTURER OF 

CANDY & CAKES, 

Wholesale and Retail Confectioner, 

AND DEALER IN 

FRUITS, CIGARS, TOBACCO, &C., 

Mq. f Worth ^foamQFe Mreei, 

PETERSBURG, YIRGINIA. 



ESTABMSHEB 182©. 

B. H. AlARKS & CO., 
Steam Bakers & Confectioners 

AND DEALERS IN 

JpQTQigu and Dqv/iqbUc PrtMis, 

CH} WING AND SMOKING TOBACCO, 

Cigars, Snuffs, Pipes, cSz:c. 

. Ice Cream and Fine Confections 

ALWAYS ON HAND. 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



^PROFESSIONAL GARDSt>^ 

(ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.) 



■I - JXCO C POOU - ' 



ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. 

George S. Bernard. D. M, Bernard, Jr. 

G. S. & D. M. BERNARD, 

ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. 

Nos. 4 and 6 Mechanics' Building, - - - Petersburg, Va. 

George T. Clarke. R. D, Gilliam. 

CLARKE & GILLIAM. 

ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. 

SURRY COURT HOUSE, SURRY COUNTY, VA. 
COURTS : — Surry, Prince George and Isle of Wight Counties, United 
States Courts at Richmond and Norfolk, and Supreme Court of Appeals 
at Richmond, Va. 

J. J. Cocke. Ro. Gilliam, Jr. 

COCKE & GILLIAM, 
attokneys-at-law, 

Offices: No. 114 Sycamore street (Corner of Court House Avenue), 
Petersburg, Va. 
Practice in Courts of Petersburg and surrounding Counties, and in the 
United States Courts and Court of Appeals at Richmond. 

Chas. F. Collier. Joseph S. Budd. 

COLLIER & BUDD, 

ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. 

Law Offices.- 62}^, Sycamore street, Petersburg, Va. 
Will practice in the Supreme Court of Appeals at Richmond, Va., in 
the Courts of the City of Petersburg and in those of the adjacent counties. 

Bo M. CtX^ 

ATTORNEY-AT-LAW AND NOTARY PUBLIC. 

No. 212 Exchange Building, Bank street, Petersburg, Virginia. 
Will practice in all the Courts of the City and surrounding Counties. 

ROPER DAVIS, '^ 

A T T O .R N E Y- A T-L A W, 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 



guide to petersburg, va. 225. 

Alexander Donnan. Alexander Hamilton. 

(Established July 8th, 1874.) 

ATTORN EYS-AT-L AW, 

No. 24 Bank Street, - - Petersburg, Virginia. 

Attend regularly all the Courts held for the City of Petersburg and the 
Counties of Dinwiddie, Chesterfield. Prince George, Sussex, and occa- 
sionally those of Greensville, Amelia and Surry. The collection of debts, 
and winding up of estates particularly attended to. They also practice m 
the District and Cir cuit Courts of the United States at Richmond, Va. 
J Wesley Friend. " Richard B. Davis. 

ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. 

Office: Over Petersburg Savings and Insurance Company's Offices^. 

Petersburg, Va. 
Practice in Courts of Petersburg and surrounding Counties, and in the 
United States Courts and Court of Ap peals at Richmond . 

ROBERT H.JONES, JR., 

(Late of Jones & McKenney,) 

ATTORNEY- AT-LAW. 

Exchange Building, Bank Street, Petersburg, Va. 

Subscriber to Hubbell's Legal Directory, Sloan's Legal and Financial' 
Register, and member of the Continental Collection Union. 

Courts of the City of Petersburg and surrounding Counties, United 
States Courts and Court of Appeals at Richmond. 

David A. Lyo-n, AUorney - at - Lam, 
NO. 1101-2 SYCAMORE STREET, 
PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 
Practices in all the courts of the State of Virginia, and in the United' 

States Courts. 

W. B. McILWAINE. GEORGE MASON. 

McILWAINE & MASON, Attorney s-at- Law, 

A^o. 3, 3Iechanic8 Building, Petershur(jf Va, 

Courts: City of Petersburg and counties of Chesterfield, Dinwiddie,. 
Prince George, Surry, Sussex and Gre ensville. ^ 

W. R. McKENNEY, (Late of Jones & McKenney.) 
" COUNSELLOR-AT-LAW, ExchangeBuilding, Bank Street, 

PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA. 
CQ7m2n§siQtter Ut Chancery and Notary Publie. 

Courts of the City of Petersburg aud surrounding counties, Unite* 
States Courts, and Court of Appeals at Richmond. 



.-.224 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LA^V, 

No. 114 Sycamore Street (Cor. of Court House Avenue), Petersburg, Va. 

Practice in the Courts of Petersburg and surrounding Counties, United 

States Courts and Court of Appeals at Richmond. 

R. T. WILSON, Attorney-at-Law, 

No. ii4 Sycamore Street (Cor. of Court House Avenue), Petersburg, Va. 
Office Hours : From 9 A. M. to 3 P. M. 
Courts : Petersburg and surrounding Counties, Court of Appeals and 
United States Courts at Richmond. Specialty of business in Surry, Sus- 
sex and Dinwiddle. 

DENTISTS. ~~ 

Thos. Jay Burgess, D. Z>. S., 

I>E]^TAXi OFFICE. 
JV^O. 5 SYCAMOllE STREET, {Over Alex. Wilsofi's, 

PETERSBURG, VA. 

B/t. B. F, COSBY, Surgeon Dentist, 

Graduate of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. Resident Prac- 
titioner for Thirty Years. 

Office: 23 1-2 North Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va. 

BR. L. r. FUOUA, DENTIST. 

OFFICE AT BESIDEIfCE, 

First Door from Augustas Wrifjltfs Shoe Store. 

NO. 8 FRANKLIN SWEET, Petersburg, Va. 

DR. JOHN H. HARTMAN, Dentist, 

X\rO. -4:4: BJ^TnTIC sti^eet, 

(OPPOSITE THE ACADEMY On' MUSIC,) 

FBl'EmSBUM©s. ITIMSIKIA, 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 225; 

PRINCIPAL MANUFACTURING AND MER- 
CANTILE HOUSES OF PETERSBURG. 



While noue of our citizeus are por-sessed of such colossal wealth as to make them the 
financial eciuals of the Yanderbilts, the Goulds and the other score or two of millionaires 
of whom the Metropolis of the United States can boast, we have among us many substan- 
tial business men, whose talent, euerpy and enterprise have secured comfortable fortunes 
for themselves and at the same time contributed largely towards building up the com- 
mercial importance of the city. 

By such men as these the objects of this publication have been appreciated and en- 
dorsed, as is evidenced by the material support they have given it by identifying them- 
selves,' through its advertising pages, -with the undertaking, and also by the liberal aid 
they have given in securing its wide circulation. 

It is impossible to give every business house in Petersburg a separate notice without 
expanding the volume indefinitely. The follovdug, which are given gratuituusly, are 
therefore limited to those who have sustained the piiblisher's efforts to promote the pub- 
lic welfare, in the manner above mentioned. 

Petersburg has a noble history, full of interest to all who love personal coiu-age, public 
patriotism, commercial integrity and social virtue. May her future historians find many 
another bright page to add to her story ! 



The Upper Appomattox Company.— (See page 75.) 

The Petersburg Gas Light Company.-(See page 92.) 

Petersburg Street B.ailway, George Beadle, Proprietor.— (See page 93.) 

The Petersburg Railway.— ^ee pages 95 and 102.) 

The Norfolk 6l ^Vestern ».. R and The Va., Tenn. dL Ga. Air- 

Iiine.— (See pages 98, 103 and lOi.J 

STEAMSHIP AND STEAMBOAT LINES. 

Clvde's Coastwise and ^^est India Steam Sines. -The fine Steam- 
chin^ of this Company (W. P. Clyde & Co., of Philadelphia and Isew lork) run regularly 
between all the ports on the Atlantic Seaboard of the United States and the seaports of 
^mith America and the West Indies, carrying enormous quantities of freight and couduct- 
hiV a profitable trade. Several of Clyde's propellers run regularly between Philadel- 
ihfi and Richmond, calling at Norfolk, and, in the cotton season, at West Point. Va., 
rpcivine and delivering Petersburg freights at City Point. This line has exercised a 
iinwf rful influence upon the development of commercial interests m this section. Cap- 
tain James W. McCarrick is the General Southern Agent, with his office at Norfolk, and 
Mr Charles H. Shelton, is the agent in this city. (See page 105.) 

Old Dominion Steamship Company.— This wealthy and powerful Company 
wnTorcrauized in 1SG7, and succeeded the New York and Virginia Steamship Company. 
Tt« hf^n7l oflices are at 197 Greenwich Street, New York, and its principal oflicers are : 
pL,nodore N L McCready, Pre.sident ; W. H. Stanford, Secretary; andH. A. Bourne, 
wSendeni. Captain John M. West is the agent for Petersburg and Wty Point. 
The ComDany is one of the wealthiest and mo^t infiuential m the country, ai^/J owns a 
We fleet of magnificent iron propellers, which ply between New York, Norfolk City 
Point and Eichmond. The passenger accommodation on board these steamships is 
most luxurious, and duriiig the eighteen years of its career not a single life intrusted to 
the Company's care has been lost. (See page 106.) 

Virginia Steamboat Company.— Nothing more enjoyable can be imagined 
tbn^ a tihi down the beautiful James on board one of the comfortable steamers of this 
line Thev call at all the principal landings on the river bstween Kichmond and Nor- 
folk and are supplied with every comfort. The scenery is superb and replete with his- 
torical interest, and the fare is only one dollar ! Passengers going to Baltimore and the 
Norih c-a -o down the river by this line to Norfolk, where close connection is made with,. 



^26 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

the Steamships of the Old Dominion and Baltimore Steam Packet Companies. Mr. L. 
B. Tatum, of Richmond, is Superintendent of the Line, and Mr. Charles H. Sheltou is 
the Petersburg Agent. (See page lOG.) 

KEAL ESTATE BROKERS. 

vTobn C. CS-riffin. — This gentleman has had many years' experience as a land broker 
aud dealer in Farms, Timber, and Mineral Lands and City Property, and has supplied 
many a settler with a comfortable home. Those who contemplate purchasing land in 
Virginia would do well to communicate with Captain Griffin before committing them- 
selves tiaally, lest they should discover too late that, under his advice, they might have 
made a better bargain. (See page 109.) 

X*jrle 6l DeHaveili— a pushing, enterprising and reliable firm, whose members 
-are practically familiar with all the details of their business. They always keep a good 
list of desirable Farm aud Mineral Lands and City Property for sale or exchange. They 
are also agents for the Virginia Immigration Society, and give special attention to the re- 
qairements of settlers from the North or from the Trans-Atlantic States. Their circulars, 
■coutainiug most valuable information, will be sent to all applicants. (See page 110.) 

TOBACCO MANUFACTrRERS. 

S. 'W. Venable & Co.— (See page 115.) 

IXTm. Cameron &. Bro.— (See page 116.) 

3>. S. Tennant & Co.— (See page 118.) 

"Watson & IKfficG-m.— (Seepage 119.) 

"Williamson & Routb.— (See page 120.) 

Boykin, Bland 6l Cc— (See page 121.) 

John H. SWCaclin.- (See page 122.) 

"W. D. Barkley & Co.— (See page 123.) 

Xi, B. Inge. — For several years connected with the Tobacco Trade o: Peters'^ure. 
Has recenty removed to 21 Lombard Street, where he manufactures several bi'ands of Ex- 
.port and Tax-joaid Tobacco. (See page 123.) 

Hobert C. Osborne.— (See page 124.) 

13f/m B. EEall. —Manufactures Cigars and Smoking Tobacco of several kinds and 
of all grades at his factory, No. 49 Bank Street. Has a large local trade and is well- 
supported in the surrounding counties. He contemplates enlarging his premises shortly, 
in obedience to the demands of his increasing business. (See page 124.) 

James ZS. ^tTinston. — Has established a good and growing trade in the City, 
as well as in Western Virginia and in the adjoining State of Tennessee, where his Cigars 
are in great demand. He also deals largely m several popular brands of Chewing and 
Smoking Tobacco, and is regarded as a most reliable manufacturer and dealer. (See 
.page 124.) 

A. J. Campbell dL Co.— (See page 125.) 

TOBACCO WAREHOUSES. 

Hffoore'S.- (See page 126.) 

Centre. — A commodious and centrally situated warehouse undar the management of 
Mr. F. W. Jones, of Brunswick, and Mr. W. T. Harvey of Nottoway, who give their 
best personal attention to the sampling of Hogsheads and the sales of Loose Tobacco. 
The warehouse is situated on Washington Street, opposite the depot of the Petersburg 
Railroad, aud is most convenient for farmers entering the town from the coi;nties lying 
to the westward. Good accommodation is given, without charge, to Wagons and horses 
— aud their drivers, if desired. (See page 127.) 

"WTest Slill. — The largest aud most centrally located warehouse in the City, under 
the control of two experienced aud popular Samplers, Mr. J. J. Pereivall, of Petersburg, 
and Colonel W. M. Field, of Dinwiddle County. New sheds aud rooms for the accommo- 
dation of horses and drivers are iu course of construction aud will very shortly be com- 
pleted All the Tobacco brought to this warehouse is insured, without expense to the . 
•owner. (See page 128.) 

The Virginia Slate Roofing Co.— 0. 0. Thomas & Co.— (See page 129.) 
PEANUT CLEANERS. 

3WE. Levy dC CO. — This firm has been actively engaged in the general Commis- 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 227 



«ion business for the past fifteen years, ami is also one of the largest and oldest handlers 
of Peanuts in the cftv They own several well-established brands of cleaned and hand- 
SdXnnts vTrgniaandSimm^^ "Eureka," "Crown," '• rnnce George, " 

^Thek factory on Bolliugbrook street, corner of Second, is fitted with all the neces- 
sSy niach™ The house%lso deals largely in Hides, Furs. Beeswax and general 
Produce. (See page 131.-) 

IXTaltPr S Fhillivs 6L Co.— Are engaged exclusivelj in the Peanut Trade, 
unTl.SeZnl\ leSllFelt rTputat^Jon as cleau^erl hand-pickers and dealers. The.r best 
v,.r,wn hraiirU ai-p " Lisbts " " Flags," " Champion," "Crescent and i^xtra v ir- 
Ss " They solicit corTespondence^and furnish quotations on application. They own 
S Operate ^ large and we'u-eciuipped factory, at No. 20 ^^^^f^^-^^^l^'^^^^^^^^^ 
also the office of the firm. Their branch office in New \ork is at No. 133 Fulton stieet. 
(See page 132.) , ^ 

■niinlon Peebles 6L Co.— A recently-established firm, but composed of prac- 
tic^"S°?peden!ed hL* rs 'Speanuts. Their factory and office ai. at No. 40 Syca- 
more street where thev make and put up the "Champion," " Phcemx and Ohal- 
We" brands from the best stock to be obtained in the market. Their work is first- 
Ss in every Respect and thoroughly reliable. They refer to the P^tersbui-g Savings & 
iSuince Company, and solicit correspondence with the trade all over the countiy. (See 

^'Tosloh B. Worth.-Has devoted the last six years to the Peanut business, and 
hifbinnds h^ve m^^4h great success at the North. South and West. His factory at 
No 13 Old street has a caj^xcitv of one hundred and fifty bags of cleaned and J^^nd-picked 
miis a day and his goods^are guaranteed to be first-class in every respec , and fully up 
to .'rLle He pays the highest market price for his Peanuts and invites a trial of his 
braSd" whi?h iLcl\^e the 'Eagle and Flig," fancy ^^-f P^f f .-^ l-^J^lSpet 
and the " Shield," Spanish. Mr. AVorth makes a specialty of choice Spanish shelled Pea- 

nu^ (bee P^^ " Co.-Manufacture and clean all grades of Hand-picked Pea- 

T^n^'at theiT^ictory corner of Lombard and Third streets. The firm is comparatively 

SnecLn among their frifnds in the adjoining counties and the Peanut dealers all over 
the country. (See page 13i.) . Pp^nnt 

Oeorre Davis & Co.-This is the oldest house now engaged m the Peanut 
TrSf ^J^PeteTsburg having been established in 1868. In the summer of 1884 th«n- J ac- 
toxT tas Ssti^yedl^y fi^^^ they are at work again and ^^Z^-^^^''^^^^'^''^^^^''^^^^^ 

in JaU grades of shelled aAd unshelled hand-picked Peanuts, Virginia and bpanish. (See 

^^^^ WOODEN DISH AND BASKET FACTOEIES. 

George A. Wlannie & Co.-(See page 135.) 

Hiw e «+hoi.1o ivr»niifacturins- Co.— Several entirely new industrial en- 

S ?r = ss^-^p^'^^^=EB^^^ 



225 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

order to fill the first rush of orders. Mr. George K. Browu, the experieuced inauager 
of the factory, is the inventor and patentee of the baskets and crates turned out by this 
Company. They are peculiarly adapted to the requirements of the delicate and luscious 
fruits in which this favored climate is so prolific, and there are strong indications that 
it will soon be necessary to enlarge the factory, so as to keep pace with the increasing 
trade. All the hands employed by this Company are white, and a large proportion are 
females. The company has recently been chartered under the State laws, with an au- 
thorized capital of !|50,000. (See page 136.) 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, GROCERS, ETC. 

Allen & Prichard.— A well-known, old-esttiblished and reliable firm, doing 
a large wholesale and jobbing business, in all kinds of groceries and country produce. 
Also agents for Oriental Gum Po»vder and the Baltimore United Oil Company's Kerosene 
Oil. As Commission merchants they enjoy a large and profitable country connection, 
and ofl'er special inducements to promptly-paying and cash customers. (See page 138.) 

John Arringrton & Sons.— Established in 18G(5, and are among the largest 
handlers in Petersburg of Cotton, Tobacco, Peanuts, and farm produce of every variety. 
They make a specialty of bright tobacco for wi-appers. They are also .wholesale grocers 
and hold several important agencies, including those for (Pacific Giaauo, the McComb 
AiTrow Tie Company and Bridgewater Flour. (See page 139.) 

Arringtons & Scotta — Richmond. Va., composed of the members of the firm last 
noticed ^Messrs. R. T. and S. P. Arrington) and Messrs. R. T. Arriugton Jr. and F. W. 
Scott. Their business, that of General Commission Merchants, is conducted by the two 
gentleman last named. They are building up a fine trade in connection with the Peters- 
burg establishment of John Arrington & Sons. Their warehouse is at Shockoe Slip, 
very convenient to railroad and water transportation. (See page 139.) 

E> Bn Bain. — This gentleman is the surviving partner and successor of the late 
firm of Bain & Parrack. He is one of the oldest and best trusted of Petersburg's 
merchants, and is President of the Petersburg Chamber of Commerce, and a Director 
of the Petersburg Tobacco Association. The business was establshed in 1874, since 
which time it has grown and prospered and commanded universal confidence. Mr. Bain 
is a very large buyer of Tobacco, Cotton, Grain and Peanuts. He is also a large dealer 
in No. 1 Peruvian Guano and Agent for several popular brands of Fertilizers. He is 
widely known, throughout this wliole section of country, as a perfectly trustworthy, con- 
scieutioiis gentleman, as well as a prudent and r( liable merchant. (See page 140.) 

J. G-arland Blackwell & Co.— Established in 1881, and now doing a large 
Commission business with the planters and farmers of several neighboring counties — 
Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, Prince George, Dinwiddle, Greenville, Brunswick, Prince 
Edward and Halifax. They give strict personal attention to all their consignments of 
I)roduce, and obtain for them the full market value. (Seepage 141.) 

Davis, Koper & Co.— One of the largest firms of Wholesale Grocers in the 
City. They always keep on hand a large and varied stock of goods, and are satisfied with 
moderate profits. They do au enormous business with the retail trade of Petersburg and 
the surrounding districts, and solicit consignments of produce and merchandise, for 
which they invariably get the best prices. They represent, as agents, the City Mills 
Milling Company's flour, meal and mill feed, and invite orders for the same. (See page 
142.) 

Ci-reen & Burton. — An active, energetic and thriving firm, who deal largely in 
Cotton, Tobacco, Corn, Wheat Peanuts and other country produce, for which they so- 
licit consignments, alwaye giving the same their prompt attention. They are also agents 
for the famous Patapsco Guano and Allison & Addison's Star Brand Fertilizers, which 
command a ready sale for all crops. (See page 143.) 

«7ones & Callender. — For three years jiast engaged in the purchase and sale, on 
commission, of General Plantation and Farm Produce, making a specialty of Cotton, 
Leaf Tobacco, Peanuts and Wheat. As Wholesale Grocers they enjoy exceptional facili- 
ties, and all orders are promptly filled at the lowest market prices. They are agents 
for "National" Tobacco and Cotton Manure, and for '-Orchilla" Guano. They invite 
custom and consignments, and guarantee complete satisfaction. (See page 144.) 

BIZartin Hil! & Co.— in 1830 this venerable commercial house was established, 
the original name of the firm being Martin, Jones & Bragg, the partners in which were 
N. M. Martin,* A. Sydney Jones* and D. Wilson Bragg.* About a year later Mr. Jones 

* Now deceased. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 229 

•ttithclrew from the coucern and the busiuess was carried on by the two remaining part- 
}iers, under the style of Martin & Bragg. This last named 'firm was dissolved aboi;t 
January 1st, 1835, and the senior partner, Mr. Martin, associated with him Mr. David 
Douuan, Jr.,* and the firm name became N. M. Martin & Dounau. On the 1st of Janu- 
ary.' 1839, this firm was in turn dissolved, and Mr. Martin formed a partnership with Mr. 
liobert A. Hamilton (father of our townsman, Mr. Alexander Hamilton), under the firm 
name of N. M. Martin & Hamilton. The last-mentioned partnership did not last long, 
and was succeeded by N. M. Martin & Donnans, composed of N. M. Martin, David Dou- 
uan. Jr. and John Donnau, Jr. On Jannuary 1st, 184G, this firm established a branch 
house in Richmond, under the style of N. M. Martin & Company, the senior partner )nov- 
ing with his family to that City. The firm in Richmond was afterwards changed to N. M. 
Martin, Bro., & Company, Robert A. Martin having been admitted to partnership. On 
New Year's Day, the latter withdrew from the Richmond house and returned to Petersburg 
■where he entered the firm of Mcllwaine, Brownly & Company (afterwards Mcliw.iiue, Son 
& Company), with whom he remained as a partner for five years. On January 1st. 1855, 
the partnerships existing in Richmond and Petersburg between N. M. Marti w, David 
Donnan, Jr. and John Donuan, Jr., were dissolved, and at the same date Robert A. Mar- 
tin M-ithdrew from the firm of Mcllwaine, Son & Company to join his brother, N. M. 
Martin, as partner in both the Richmond and Petersburg houses, the former adopting 
the style of N. M. Martin, Sou & Company, and the latter, N. M. Martin, Brotlier & Com- 
pany — the same as had been the style of the Richmond firm years before. The mem- 
bers of these two houses, when they were established in 1855 were N. M. Martin and 
his son, Walter K. Martin, Robert A. Martin, Henry L. Plummer, Jr. and Robert Tan- 
nahilL* Mr. Plummer subsequently withdrew, and N. M. Martin, Jr.* was admitted to 
partnership in both houses, without, however, any change of name occurring until Jan- 
uary, Isi, 1861. On that date (the founder of the firm, or firms, having died in the pre- 
vious year), Walter K. Martin, R. H. Cunningham, Jr.,* Robert A. Martin, N. M. Mar- 
tin, Jr. and Robert Tauuahill, reorganized both houses and continued the business in 
Richmond as Walter K. Martin & Company. These two firms were dissolved in June, 
1865, Walter K. Martin continuing the business on his own account in Richmond, where 
he is now the head of the firm of Walter K. Martin & Company, and Robert A. Martin 
and Robert Tannahill succeeding to the Petersburg business under the firm name of 
Martin & Tannahill. Shortly afterwards this last-mentioned firm consolidated with Mc- 
llwaine & Company, ot Petersburg, and established a house in New York, under the 
style of Tannahill, Mcllwaine & Company, which was managed by Mr. Tannahill, who 
removed to that City. On July 1st, 1868, the firms of Martin & Tannahill, of Petersburg, 
and Tannahill, Mcllwaine & Company, of New I'ork, were dissolved. Mr. Tannahill 
continued the New York business and remained at its head until his death, in 1888. It 
is now conducted by his heirs, under the name of Robert Tannahill & Company. In 
July, 1868, Mr. Robert A. Martin formed a copaitnership with Mr. Robert R. Hill, and 
continued the Petersburg business as Robert A. Martin & Company until 1877, when 
Mr. A. G. M. Martin, son of the senior member of the firm and grandson of the late A. 
G. Mcllwaine (who was, in his day, one of Petersburg's most prosperous merchants), 
was admitted as a partner, and the concern, for the first time, assumed its present name 
of Martin, Hill & Company. It will thus be seen that from the house founded in 1830 
by Mr. N. M. Martin (and who was for several years at the head of the Richmond firm, 
also), two branch houses, both of which now probably eclipse the parent establishment. 
Lave descended. To the wisdom, busiuess talent and unimpeachable integrity of the 
original founder of the concern, much of the success which, since his death, has atte"aded 
the old house and its branches, may doubtless be attributed. At any rate, they can say 
what few firms of their age can, namely : that not one of them, from their foundation, has 
ever suspended or gone to protest, and that to-day, although in no way connected with 
each other, they are all "live concerns." It will be noticed that, since its establishment 
in 1830, and during its whole long life of fifty-five years, "Martin " has always been the 
first name of the firm in Petersburg, and it may be orophesied with absolute safety that 
so long as the old house and its briinches conduct their busiuess on the principles taii^ht 
and practiced by the original founder, Nathaniel Macon Martin, their friends will never 
have cause to complain of " confidence abiised." He was the very soul of honor in ail 
his dealings, socially as well as commercially, and his precept and example have borne 
good fruit in those whom he has trained up as his successors in busiuess. (See page 14:5.) 
Robinson, Tillar & Co.— Deal extensively in Groceries of all kinds. Pert li- 
zers. Bagging, Ties, etc., and receive consignments of Cotton, Tobacco, Corn. Peanuts 
aud other produce, for sale on commission. They make quick siles at top prices, and 

* Now deceased. 



230 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

render prompt returns. They are Agents for several leading manufactnrers of Chemicals 
and Guanos, and warrant all tbey sell to be genuine and reliable. Mr. J. C. Kobiuson. 
the senior partner, manages the atfairs of the firm in Petersburg, and Mr. B. D. Tillar, 
who resides at Hicksford, attends to its outside business: (See page 146.) 

Alexander Wilson.— For more than thirty years Mr. Wilson has held front 
rank as a dealer in Foreign and Domestic Groceries, and now stands at the head of the 
trade in Petersburg. His stock embraces every variety of Goods to be found in first- 
class establishments of the kind, besides a complete assortment of Wines, Liquors and 
General Provisions. He is sole Agent for Moerlein's Cincinnati Beer and "Appomat- 
tox" New Family Flour. Teas, Coffees and Spices ar? among the articles of which Jlr. 
Wilson makes specialties. He is also a director of the Bank of Petersburg. (See page 

George S. IPrichard.— This gentleman has been in his present business for 
the List six years, during which period he has built up an excellent connection in tlie City 
by always keeping Ins stock of Family Groceries, Confectionery, Canned Goods, To- 
bacco and Cigars, at a very high standard of excellence and at very low prices — the two 
qualities which most directly commend themselves to the thrifty housekeejoer. He war- 
rants his goods to be as good and as cheap as any in the market. (See page llS.) 

Cabaniss & Iiunsford. — Succeeded the firm of Cabaniss & Co. a j'ear ago, 
when LIr. J. H. Cabaniss admitted his associate, Mr. Charles Lunsford, to partnership. 
This firm conducts a very extensive general Commission business, a large proportion of 
which comes from the western portion of the State, beyond Lynchburg. They make 
specialties of Seed, Butter, Cheese, Flour, Grain, Hay and Feed. They give as their 
reference the Bank of Petersburg, and solicit correspondence. (See page 148.) 

T. A. S'almer, — Keeps a complete assortment of Choice Family Groceries, Wines. 
Liquors, Cigars and Tobacco, and makes specialties of Teas, Coffees and Canned Goods. 
He lias had a long experience in the Retail Trade and has secured a large and profitable 
biisiuess connection. (See page 149.) 

^ tyQ hn B^. Peeb les. — An active, prudent and succesful Merchant, who deals largely 

in Peaauts, i^oreign Tufd-Domestic Fruits, Dried Fruits, Potatoes and general Farm and 
Dairy Produce, for which he pays the highest cash price. He is also a member of the 
firm of Dunlop, Peebles & Company, jieanut cleaners. Mr. Peebles has enjoyed an ac- 
tive experience, covering seventeen years, in the wholesale produce and fruit trade, and 
is known everywhere as a thoroughly reliable dealer. (See page 149.) 

Samuel J. 22urt.— One of the oldest and most highly esteemed of Petersburg's 
Wholesale Grocers and Commission Merchants. He attends personally to the sale of all 
the Tobacco, Cotton, Wheat, Corn and other produce received by him from his nu- 
merous country customers, and is regarded as an excellent salesman and most energetic 
mat! of business. He carries a large assortment of Groceries for the Wholesale Trade. 
(See page 149.) 

T. J. iFarratt &. Son. — A well-known and prosperous house, for^miny years 
large handlers of Cotton, Tobacco, Peanuts and other Country Produce, the sale of 
which receives the faithful supervision of the firm, whose senior partner and founder, 
Mr. T. J. Jarratt, was elected to the Mayoralty of the city in 1882, and is now serving his 
second consecutive term in that office. His son, Mr. Walter J. Jarratt, was admitted 
to partnership in 1883. (See page 150.) 

Patterson, IMCadison & Co. — Have been largely engaged in the Wholesale 
Grocery business for the past sixteen years, and are among the most active and pushing 
of our merchants. They keep a good stock of general Groceries and Provisions, which 
they sell at the lowest market prices, being content with a narrow margin of profit. (See 
page 150.) 

D' Alton <&i Co. — -V thoroughly business-like house, careful' and judicious in the 
selection of its stock, which is the largest and best-assorted in the city. The head of 
the firm, Mr. James T. D'Alton, is also the junior member of the firm of D'Alton & Son. 
carrying on a kindred business on Old Street. As wholesale grocers, D'Alton & Com- 
pany stand at or very near the top of the list. (See page 150.) 

IS. Sm ^ond & Sro. — Composed of Edward J. and William A. Bond, the for- 
mer of whom has for many years held, and still holds, a position of trust with- the Pe- 
tersburg Savings & Insurance Co. The firm is still young, '-jut it is gradually working 
into a good business and already enjoys the confidence of all who have had dialings 
with them. They keep a full hne of fine Family Groceries, pure, wholesome anl well- 
selected ; also a choice stock of Cigars and Tob icco, and tbey invite their friends 
and the public to give their goods a trial. ^See pige 150.) 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 23 1 

Joseph "W. Wheary.— Established iu 187-i, autl has occnpieJ biss present eli- 
gible premises for the past six years.. His proximity to Campbell's bridge, combiued 
with Lis busiuess ability aud the excellence of his large stock of Assorted Groceries, has 
resulted iu securiug to his establishment a lar^e trade in town and coimtry. Mr. Wheary 
is prompt and reliable in all his dealings, and his success in busiuess testiiies to tae esteem 
in which he is held. (See page 151.) 

Alfred Archer.— For uearly ten years an active aud successfiil retail grocer, ta- 
king a decided lead in the Southwestern section of the City. He keeps a fall line of 
Family Groceries, aud makes specialties of Teas, Wines, Liquors aud Cignrs, He is, iu 
all respects, justly entitled to the wide popularity aud confidence which he enjoys. (See 
page 151.) 

Bag-well and Williams.— Established in 1880, and now carrying ou a large 
and successful busiuess as Wholesale Grocers and general Commission Merchants. They 
occupy the end store iu the haudsome ' ' Iron Frout liuildmg," vvhich affords ample storage 
accommodation aud enables them to handle euormou3 quantities of goods aud farm pro- 
duce. (See page 151.) 

Vff T. Hubbard 6l Co.— Have recently removed into their haudsome uew 
premises on Sycamore Street, between Franklin aud Washington Streets, the bniJLliug of 
which was necessitated by the expanding busiuess of the firm m Cotton, Tol;iicco, NVheat 
aud other staple crops, which engage their special aiteutioii. The house was estabashed 
uearlv twenty years ago, aud has secured a large and flounshiug trade. The firm is com- 
posed of Messrs. W. T. Hubbard and J. L. Peebles, the former of whom represents the 
Third Ward iu the City Couucil. (See page 151.) 

P H Curtis Sl Co.— Occupy a most eligible site on Franklin Street, adjoin- 
iue West Hill W'arehouse, aud are large dealers in Groceries, Wmes. Liquors, etc. The 
busiuess has been established nearly four years, previous to wnich Mr. Curtis occupied a 
store on Halifax Street, and dealt principally in Liquors, Cigars and Tobacco. Mr. 
Curlis is the Chief of the Ciiy Five Department, to whicU omce he was appointed tbree 
yeaisago. (See pag3 151.) 

S C Blake.— Extensively engaged iu ths Who'.esale aud Eetad Commission- 
Trade aud deals in all varieties of Groceries, Ship Stores aud general Produce, .such as 
Flour Corn ^Ical Oats, Hay and Ground Feed, for horses aud cattle. He gives special 
Ptteut'ou to'Poultrv and Game, and is the inventor aud patentee of -Blake's Arctic 
Kefri^erator " an invaluable aud simply-constructed chest for preserving sach perish- 
able articles 'as fish, game, butter, miik, etc., during the hot summer months. (See page 

G--av di. En'^e.— Established iu 1880 by Messrs. James H. Gray aud Viuccut luge. 
Ti T*Si! "Mr Geoi '"^e M luge, son of the last-named gentleman, was admitted to partuer- 
^hin"' \Vitla th( cUJse of the year 1884, Mr. Vincent luge retired from the business, leav- 
iue the firm name unchanged since its first adoption. Messrs. Gray & lug-e do a general 
Commission trade, making specialties of the .ales of Cotton Gnan and Leaf lubacco. 
Their eo-uectiou is wide aud includes the counties of Lunenburg, Charlotte, Brunswick, 
Nottoway aud Prince Edward, iu aduition to those in close -proximity to Petersburg. 
(See page 152.) 

^nratlev &. Kidd.— An old aud reliable fiim, who ded principally iu Lime, 
Plfmer Cement, Oats, Hav aud Seed, giving special attention to the last-mentioned com- 
^.oaitv' Thev are also General Commission Merchants, and receive cousiguments of 
peueial' Farm Produce, which they dispose of for their customers, always obtammg the ' 
best market prices aud making ])rompt returns. (See page lo2.) 

■n'>ni«>1 K.ahilv.— One of the best-known Wholesale Grocers, Liquor Dealers and 
CmJSon Merchants in Petersburg. His roomy and well-stocked store at the foot of 
^v ..nu ve Street known as the " Old Confederate Commissary," presents at all times a 
husv scene being a popular resort of retail dealers and individual consumers from the 
n^nntrv Mr ICahilv makes liberal advances ou consignments, fills country crdtrs 
m-omptiy, ami sells his goods "cheaper than the cheapest." (See page 152.) 

^sr E Bpaton —For a dozen vears, or more, an active aud successful Wholesale 
CvocJv nml Jobber oi all kinds of Twist aud Plug Tobacco, with which he supplies the 
t^-'ule at factory piices. He always keeps on hand a large and choice assortment oi goods, 
and may be relied on to sell the best articles at the very lowest prices. His large s ore, 
No. 1 Old Street, occupies one of the best business sites in the City. (See page 1^2.) 

A XST Price —This gentleman has been known for years as a successful whole- 
salTaudTetairdealei- in Groceries, Wines, Liquors, Cigars etc., doing busimss ou Hali- 



-'3; 



HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 



fax Street, ■opi:'osife Centre Mnrl:et, whence he has recently reruoved to SC Sycamore 
Street, at the entrance to Westhill Warehouse, hi^ increasing business requiring greater 
space and a more central situation than his original premises aiforded. (See page 152.) 
Plummer, Sain &. Co.— One of the youngest firms in Petersburg, but possessing 
all the esjeatial elements of success, for its component members, Messrs. H. L. Plummer, 
Jr., and George AV. Bain, have enjoyed exceptional advantages iu their commercial train- 
ing and varied experience iu the piirchase and sale of Cotton, Tobacco and other pro- 
duce. Alreadv this energetic young house has created for itself a far-reaching business 
connection and ships its goods to New York and other markets at the North and West. 
(See page 152.) 

MERCHANDISE BROKERS. 

J. ZZampden Slater. — Represents various kinds of business and has regular 
established correspondents iu all parts of the United States. Makes specialties of Flour, 
Grain and Provisions, General Groceries, Syrups, Coffees, etc., and refers to Hinton & 
Dunn, bankers; the Petersburg Savings and Instu-ance Co., and the general jobbing 
trade. (See page 153.) 

Smith <& Perkins. — Removed here from Richmond early in 1884. They are 
industrious, enterprising and ambitious. They have placed themselves in direct tele- 
graphic communication with the markets of New York and Chicago, and have already se- 
cured a good business. They give special attention to Flour, Grain, Provisions and 
General Merchandise, and to the faithful execution of orders in options. (See page 153.) 

Duniop <k TowneS. — Experiened, conscientious brokers, well known to the 
whole community and held iu the highest esteem. They have regular correspondents all 
over the country, and are not only energetic in seeking orders but are also perfectly re- 
liable in promptly executing them. The firm is composed of Messrs. James Dunlop, Jr. 
and W. W. Townes, sou of the late Mr. W. W. Townes, who honorably served the Citj 
as Mayor from 1854 to 1865. (See page 153.) 

BANKS. 

The IPetersburg- Savings and Insurance Co. — A sound and healthy 

financial institution, which has withstood, without injury to its capital or credit, the wars 
and shocks and panics of a quarter of a century. That its affairs have been ably and ju- 
diciously managed is shown by the fact that its surpliTS and reserve fund amounts to 
nearly !^100,000, and is regularly increasing. It is careful iu selecting its loans and dis- 
counts, prompt in the payment of all proper demands, and is one of the very few Bauk- 
iug and Insurance Companies— if not the only oue — that passed through the Civil War 
and, at its close, met all its obligations iu full. (See page 154.) 

The Bank of Petersburg".— Was incorporated in 1872, and has enjoyed a lib- 
eral public patronage from the first. It possesses special facilities for making collec- 
tions, which it remits promptly, making no charge for those on the cities in Virginia. It 
issues exchange on all the principal cities of Europe, and transacts a general Banking bu- 
siness. Its management is excellent and its Board of Directors comprises some of the 
most substantial merchants and professional men iu the City. (See page 155.) 

FERTILIZERS. 

33avie «St VlThittle. — These gentlemen — Messrs. Pascal Davie and Fortescue 
Whittle— formed their partnership in the fall of 1883, and began the manufacture of 
Guano under the general trade mark af the "Owl Brand," divided into several grades, 
according to the requirements of the various crops for which they are designed. Their 
factory is on the river front, and they have received most flattering reports as to the efii- 
cacy of their products, from all sections of Virginia, the Caroliuas, Georgia, Tennessee 
and Alabama. They have enjoyed many years' experience in the manufactui-e and sale of 
Fertilizers, and that they have turned this experience to good account is evideuced by the 
hundreds of testimonials to the merits of their "Owl Brand," which have reached them 
from all c[uarters. They will mail their Almanac for 1885, containing copies of these tes- 
timonials, to all who apply. (See page 156.) 

rreeman, Iiloyd, SVEason &. 3Bryden— E. B. Bain, Agent.— The f.ictones 

of this firm are at Norfolk, Va., and at Pocomoke, Md., where the business was estab- 
lished in 1876. The famous " Pocomoke Super-Phosphate " and " Fish Hawk" Guano 
are manufactured by this house, and have given complete satisfaction to the planter, 
farmer and trucker, "under crops of every description. For many years past the goods 
produced by this firm have been steadily improving in quality and stand " A 1 " iu the 
estimation of all who have used them. (See page 157.) 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURC, VA. 233. 

COTTON MILLS AND FACTOKIES. 
Swift Creek Cotton IVIanufacturing Co.-(3ee page 158.) 
Petersburg Cotton Mills.-(yee page 158.) 
Ettrick BHanufacturing Co.-(See page loJ ) 
IVIatoaca Manufacturing Co.-(See page loJ ) 
Battersea Manufacturing Co.-(See page 159 ) 
Old Dominicn Cotton ]VIills.-(See page IGO.) 
SUMAC MiLLS. 

«r W Jones & Co.-Have been engaged in manufactm-Lug Oak Baiks and' 
. "W. W. Jones «. «'°- . ^^ ^ .j^^^ tl^ey have occupied their present prem- 
Sumac for ten years JJ^^^^Ttey exnort nearly all their prepared Bark and some Snmac 
ises, the Appomattox Mill. J^^Jll^^. .^^^^^.^ j, .^la i^ the United States. They offer 
^SX^:St^i^^^^^^S:^^^^^ ^-^. -^ ^^^ correspondence. (See 
^"^s M. Willian^;;^^;^--of th^a^osum^ 

Corn MUls Also a -^'"^J ot^he faun o Bag^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ , ^^^.^^^^ ^^ p^^^^_ 

i^fS^ SrrSki^^S merits of his products. (See page IGO.) 

The Virginia Hog Cholera Cure-K^^^^^^^^ 

pmdent farmer should be without it. (bee page 161.) 

HOTELS AND RESTAUI^ANTS 



,e«orttocontrd.ut^t^c^---^;^- ^^ conveniently sit^tcd, 

'- ^•■■•^ /H^aies i^tant ^'^^^ ,- j^j^. Pettit. has been many years m the 

'■'^'\'^tho;ou^bly understands its various details. The house has been re- 
s and thoxougDij uuaeii, comfort to its guesis at very mod- 



— ^ , ^^^« \ comfortable, %vell-kept and handsomely appointed bouse, sitn- 

Kotel Gary.-A comto lao e, 1 ^ J ^^ ^^^ Postoffice, banks and 

-t-^ '^ ^^^^!:T "Ttl".l So" rMe^s George C. and Thomas II. Gary. v.ho spare 

CSStfcrtrdnrti^ioThf comfort of their guests (See page 162.) 

Bollingbrook Hotel 

being only two s.iwai;esclisti 
mond & Petersburg bailioa( 
hotel business and thorougu 
cently re-furnished and re-p 
erate"rates. First-class acc( 
and billiard hall are arnonj 
pvervthing. (See page 163.) 

Bzchange and r^^^^^^^^^^^f-^ J^^^^S^S^ 

bouses at oPP^^^^^^.^^^^ts /o andihe Ballard House, built in 1860. Since the erection 
change Hotel, built m 1840, ^f^^ ^^^, ^^^.^ ^^e^ ,,nder one management, and have been 
c.f the latter, the two ^^^^f^'^^^'^.^ll spann ng Franklin street, at the second story. 
c.mnected by a covered suspens^^^^^^ ^^^^ hospitable proprietor of this 

Twenty years have passed «»;^^*^^^1'^'^ its lessee, and under his management the 

aouble hotel, C«o^f J-Lj^C^^^^^^^^^^ leading hotel in Eichmond. Six hund_i-ed 

-Exchange and Balbud 'Jf ^^^^^ ^'^^^^,1 effort, and the hotels are rich in their appomt- 
guests can ^"^ e- jrtamed w.tW ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^.^^^^.^ ,^,^^., ,^, ,^, ^a 

\\aspiop wr«v.r/>11r Va —This fine hotel has always been dis- 

New SurccU House, ^Jf orfom,^^^ V^^^^ f,,e. From time to 

tiuguished for its excellent ^'';^'^^'];^^l'[^^^^^^^ been renovated, beaiitified, refnr- 
time it has undergone many chaLgos ^^.'Sencesh^^^^ the able and hospitable man- 
Bxshed and supplied with all moc^^evnc^^^^^ ^_ ^^^^ Benjamin E. 

ncrement of its present experienced P^o'^'^^^,':"'^' "I^Lhu popula^^ favor, and visitors to 
feown. the Parcell House l^;]^-^;X7lSll^^^^^^^ to make the New Purcell 

S^SS^ SXSiS:"^m"^11;f: B^o^u is also the proprietor of the lar-fan^e. 
Blue' Kidge Spi ings. (See page 16o. ) 



-34 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAI 



ou the 



Qumcey's European House.-As the uama implies, this Hotel is Pon,in.f.7 

a the so-callea "Europeau" plau, which is well uuderstood iu thircounh-v '^^"/^'''^''^^^ 
utatiou of its proprietor, Mr. Chris. Quincey, as a geuial host au 1 a mos7;« Ji '■'^'■ 
terer, is by no means limited to this section or State^ for thousands of viSos to p't '''" 
burg, of late years, have had reason to remember his hospitality and sl-ill J?/ .'?" 
tude. His house has recently been much improved bv the LiaSn of a bi llL^ i ,!'"*'; 
othe^r ath-actions, while the accommodations and fare are in all respects llrsrcL«i^^^(^^^^^^ 

Julius iiebert. -Shortly after the close of the war this gentleman settled in Pp 
tei-sbarg, and has for nearly twenty years been regarded as among the most eSHsht' 
and successful of her busmess men. His Saloon, Billiard Hall and Restaurant at 'no Jo 
Lombard Street, are much frequented by town and country people amon" whom V. 
excellence of his fare is proverbial. Mr. Liebert carries on an extensive b.^sfnS' i^^ 
tier of Bergner & Engel's f.mous Philadelphia Lager Beer, and also as m " ' f!'f ^""^l 
Soda, Ginger Ale and SarsapariUa. He his recently purchWed ui p'er'rNo J^^Lf 
hngbrook Street, fomerly occupied by the peanut factories of Geo -ge Davis & Co and 
K. C. Marks & Co., destroyed by fire in the summer of 1884, and has uearW ^.,.; , T^ 
a handsome new building, which he will shortly occupy. tL i ac ons Lt L ^-' '^^^ 
to Lombard Street, and it is Mr. Llebert's desi.n to con;er? the ?a ^ort'oa n^o ' ^''^ 
Tiine German B.er Garden, such as have attained great popularity ?at the W. '"*'', 'i.f "" 
The new buildmg will be elegantly furnished wifh spicillt^x^V o t,e^ comf'" o M t'; 
patrons and Mr. Liebert wil enjoy increased facilities for meeting the dTmands of il 
large wholesale and retail biisinees. (See page IGG.) <-itmamis of his 

Bichberg's Saloon and Restaurant. - The proprietor Mr \ p;.. 

berg, came to Petersburg in 1848, and has been engaged in busines; here ^ite 1 S^o " 
He IS an experienced baloou-keeper and Eestaurateur. and his stock of Wines it, nnt^' 
Cigars, etc., are always of the choicest brands, while his table is regularly famished with 
all the delicacies in season. His establishment, No. 4 Bank Street" is cent nlh'sft JI i 
and IS a most convenient house of call for visitors from the co.intiT 'rS l ' " v ' 
folk & Western or the Richmond & Petersburg Raihoads. Mr EiJhbe v/.f^V^^ ^°'; 
terms to regular boarders by the day, week or month. (See page 16g!) ^^ 

Walthall's European HoUSe.~A comfortable house incomnet^.f 1 1 
Its proprietor Mr. C. J vv^althall, has had a loog experience in the hoS bS ue st^pf- 
tersburg and Richmond, and knows exactly how to make his guests comfortable H?J 
rooms are all newly furnished and his table is supplied with thi best that ^e m rhet^f 
fords. Being a "European " house, the guests call for what they want ami n ,v f , 7 
they get. The bar is stocked with the finest Wines. Ales, LiquorreJl^ee in./l'^r' 
ISeinemann's Bxchanje.-This popular Saloon and Restaurant is sit,^,tp-^ V 
cue of the most central and desirable localities in the City, and euiovs riibr^r. i.*^ 
age from the business men of Petersburg, as well as from tLir cmmtrrfladrbv^th^"' 
our thoroughfares are crowded at certain seasons of the year. The Saloon o;.n^-\°,"' 
ground floor of the handsome and time-honored Exchange Buildinc^ the^uone ^nfr^^ 
of which is used as offices, etc., the whole being the property of Mr°Henrv K ^ '°'' 
who conducts the Saloon, and keeps nothing bu^t the l-ery' bes't Wines; Liquors CiA'Tnci 
Tobacco. The chief attraction, however, to the tired and thirsty, is he dSous^Fvnni 
Lager Baer, from Ballantme's Brewery at Newark, N. J. Thi^ is admittPrrf.^ ' .f 
purest, best and most refreshing Lager Beer brewed in this country: An exc Ileut fre/ 
lunch is served daily between the hours of 10 a. m. and 3 p. m. Mr Hein",nann i " i 
engaged in this business iu Petersburg for the past twelve ye^rt fnThiroce'pTedS: 
tiorfsSe p'gflB?!)"" ''"'"' '' ^' '' '"" """ ^'-"^ ^" '"'^''^ f--^^^^^- recoXend^ 
Ocean View Hotel, Ocean View, Va.-A charming wateria-. dHp. nn 

Chesapeake Bay, opposite Fortress Monroe and in fall view of Canes Charles «n/w 
It is opened for the acoommodatiou of guests on May 1st ot each VeaiV^ncUs w'^hfn half 
an hour s run fi;ou#Nortolk by rail. Its situation is most desirable, affordLreiSnent 
surt-^bathingandnshing, while the fresh sea breezes are most invigorating ° lee page 
IKON WORKS, HARDWARE, ETC. 
The :eetersburg Eron Works.-Established in 1S54. The property of TT 
T. Morrison .k Co., experienced manufacturers of Steam Engines, Mill and Faftm-v ArT' 
chinery dredges tug boats and all other classes of ma^hinelV for use on land orJa^er" 
ordinarily manufactured at a first-class foundry. They make soecialti >s o fV?^. ^ i ' 
Dredgi.:, :>L..chinery and Tug Boats. All work tuimed out^ClSf^m' hS Sven c^' ^ 



GUIDE TO PETERSnUKG, VA. 235 

Y i h-' satisfaction. TLiey also give special nttentiou to Pile-drivers aud Hoisting Engine 
''"^'linGus sizes, nnd to locomotives lor tram-roails. (See front inside cover.) 
■^ 'V'^armers' Friend Flow YJTorka. — These celebrated Morks are situated nt 
- . doricksburg. \a., and are the property of Mr. CLarles E. Hunter, uLo hiis a large 
branch establishment in Petersburg, under the able management of JInjor J. S. Gary, 
by wh(>m thousands ot these popular plows are sold during every season. In addition 
to implt^ments manufactured at these works, the Petersburg house keeps in stock all 
kinds of Agricultural Implements, Steam Engines, Grist and Saw Mills, Cot' on Gins, 
Separators, Eeapers. Mowers and other varieties of machinery, and is one of the most 
exteusivt depots in the State. It deals also in Stoves, "Wagons, and scores of other com- 
modities indispensable to the farmer and planter, and a visit to Mnjor Gary would be 
time well spent by any one interested in Agricultural Implements or Machinery. (See 
back hv ide cover. ) 

Tai.pey <& Steel. — An old and responsible house, having flourished for forty 
years, formerly under the firm name of Tappey. Lumsden & Co. Their extensive and 
well eciuipped foundry is situated on Washington Street, opposite the terminus of the 
Petersburg & Weldon'llailroad. They are large manufacturers of all kinds of Engines, 
Tobaciio and Cotton Presses, Saw and Grist Mills, Mill Irons, Plows, Castings Eleva- 
tors f )V stores aud factories, etc. They keep New and Second-hand Engines for sale, 
aud ;,'uarautee satisfaction in all their dealings. (See page 168.) 

The lAppomattOS Iron ^JlTorks. — Manufacturers of Machinery of all de- 
scriptions. Mill Gearing, Shnftmg Pulleys, Agricultural Implements, etc.. making a spec- 
ialty of Tobacco Fixtures. Hydraulic Presses, etc. They keep all kinds of Farming Im- 
plements in stock, and execute machine work to order. Prompt, skillful and reliable 
m all their transactions, they have earned an excellent reputation and a large trade. (See 
l^age 1G9.) 

Charles Sjeonard.— Established in 18-15, and now the largest hardware house in 
the South Occupies very extensive premises on both sides of Bank Street, which are 
stocked with an endless variety of Hardware, Carriage Materials. Belting, Saw Mill, 
Ship Chandler's aud Fishermen's Supplies, Musical Intsruments of all sorts. Cutlery, 
Clocks, Spectacles, aud a thousand other articles which cannot be here enumer- 
ated. Mr. Leonard is .also agent for the '• Household" Sewing Machine, the '-Howe" 
Scales and "Dead Shot" Powder, which i^ warranted to be the best made. There are 
very few articles within the wide range of the general Hardware Trade which are not to 
be found at Mr. Leonard's mammoth establishment, aud everythiug he sells may be re- 
lied upon as of the best quality. (See page 170.) 

H. B. Shelburn. — Kepresents the famous Light-running '-Domestic" Sew- 
ing Machine, which, for the ficility with which it executes all varieties of work, s auds 
at the head of the long list of Sewing Machines. Mr. Shelburn invites au inspection of 
his stock, guarantees every machine be sells, and offers prices aud terms to suit all clas- 
ses of buyers. He thoroughly understands his business, havmg been engaged in it for 
more than ten j-ears. (See page 171.) 

Flummer d^ Wheeler.— Exteu.sive and reliable dealers in all kinds of Imported 
.and American Hardware. They keep a full line of goods in their handsome store in the 
Iron Front Building. (See page 172.) 

G-. "W, Brooks.— Manufactures on a large scale all kinds of Tin Ware and deals 
bv wholesale and retail in llanges, Stoves, China, Lamps, Earthen Ware, Glass and Tin 
Ware, aud keeps a large aud varied stock of goods which .are guaranteed to give satisfac- 
tion as to quality and price. (See page 172.) 

SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 

The Uciversity School, W. Gokdox McCabe, Head Master.— This famous 
Hchoul was founded in I8t;5, and has been in feuccesi-ful operation for the past 
twenty years. During that time it hns prepared and seat up to the -University of Vir- 
giuia,"to' Princeton. West Point, Annapolis, Boston Institute of Technology, Stevens' 
Scientitic Institute, Columbia'Sohool ot Mines aud other institutions of high grade, a 
great number of students, whose uniform success testifies tu the excellence ot the instruc- 
tiou given at this School, which is. however, maiuly desigaed as prepinitory to the Uni- 
versity of Vir^'inia, from the Faculty of wliica Mr. McC loe has received the highest tes- 
timonia's. I'ue Head Master takes into his h-m-ie a limited nuuher of bxirders. His 
house, aud the adjoining cjtt(,'es bade for ihi p;i,»ils. u ue all modern i aproveinents. 
Beginning m 1865, with only s;?veLiteeu p ipils, the; Scuool uas now upon its roll over oae 
hundrtd aud tweuty-tive, representing eleven States, from New York tu Tt-xas. The 



236 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

moi-al touo of the School is something iiniqne, and the students tbeinsi^lves wouK,, lot 
allow a boy to remain after he had been foiiud guilty of falsehood or other dishouo!; tie 
conduct. The viorale is controlled, in great measure, l)y the elder pupils, wboui'^^'r. 
MeCab3 has drawn closely to him, as Dr. Arnold, of liugby, did "the Sixth," %id 
through their influence finds it easy to maintain a high standard of truth and 'aoucr- 
(Seepage 173.) 

St- Paul's resnale School. —J. G. Geiswold, Principal.— The advantages pre- 
sented in this institution under the present management, are sonjewhat exceptional- 
The School was originally established by Bishop wiugheld, the liector of St. Pt\urs 
Church, and under his control was strictly a Church School. Some twelve years ago the 
Institution, with all its appurtenances and privileges, passed into the hands of Prof. J. 
G. Griswold, who at once wrought many radical changes, not the least of which was the 
discirdiug of the religious bias of the School. Under its present management it has 
proved an eminent success, and has established for itself an enviable reputation. Prof. 
Griswokl, who graduated as A. M., completed his education in Europe and subsequently 
filled the Chair of Modern Languages at the University of San Cristobol, Havana, Cuba, 
and, later, held a like Professorship at the University of Alabama. (See page 174..) 

The ITjliversity of Virginia.— it is generally admitted that this Insti- 
tntion rinks among the very first seats of learning in the country, and sends out as fin- 
ished scholars iu the various branches of Literature, Science and the Professicus of 
Law and Medicine, as any of the Northern Universities. Special attention is given to 
instruction iu the more j^ractical schools of Engineering and Agricixlture, while no 
charge is made for the tuition of those candid ites for the minjstiy who are unable to 
meet the expense. The session begins on October lot and closes on the Thursday before 
July 4th in each year. (See page 17'±.) 

The IMEedical Colleg'e of Virginia.— For nearly half a ceutiiiy this institu- 
tion has been the honored exponent of the Medical Science and the Healing Art for Vir- 
ginia, and, to a great extent, for the other Southern States. Its Professors' Chairs are 
tilled by men of great learning iu their profession, who are also all actively engaged iu 
its practice. It has also an able corps in its Adjui^cc Faculty, comi)osed of active younger 
men, who render valuable service to the studeuts in the thorougu drilling of their daily 
examinations and supplementary lectures. The College afloids the best opportuni- 
ties for medical education, and sends out men who at once assume prominence iu the 
able and intelligent practice of their chosen Science — men of whom Virginia and her 
sister States are justly proud. That the College not only holds its ancient high standing 
iu public esteem and confidence, but is also rapidly acquiring increased popularity, is 
shown by the attendance of students, whose numbers have been tripled within the last 
three j'ears. The Catalogue can be had on application to Dr. M. L. James, Dean of the 
Paculty. (See page 175.) 

Planters' Hypothecation %Varekouse.— A substantial brick structure 75x 

200 feet iu size, situated on Second Street, in the rear of the Bollingbrook Hotel and in 
close Droximity to the passenger and freight Depots of the Norfolk & Western and Rich- 
mond & Petersburg Eailroads, with enormous storage capacity. It is ttsed for storing 
Tobacco, Peanuts, Grain or any other kind of Produce or Merchandise, at most rtason- 
able charges and with an absolute guarantee of safety and freedom from damage. Drays, 
liUtuber Wagons and Carts are kept for hire, and Wood, Hay, Provender and Mill Feed 
for sale. For years past Mr. L. W. Dugger has been the efficient manager of this im- 
portant business. He is now the sole lessee. (See page 176.) 

DRUGS, PAINTS AND OILS. 

Joseph Carr. — A well-known wholesale and retail dealer in Drugs, Patent Medi- 
cines, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Glass and other commodities of a like nature. Mr. Carr 
is Vice-President of the Bank of Petersburg. (See page 176.) 

^Vm. £S> French — One of the most experienced, enterprising and reliable busi- 
ness men in Petersburg. A verv large dealer in Drugs, Chemicals, Spices, Tobacco and 
Cigars, by wholesale and retail. Manufacturer of '• French's Superior Cologne" and 
*'Fi-ench's Virginia Tonic Bitters," which have gained for him a most enviable reputa- 
tion throughout the South. (See page 177.) 

ZS. R. Beckwith — For twenty years a careful student of Pharmacy and a large 
dealer iu Medicines, Chemicals, Spices, Soaps, Toilet Articles, etc. He has established 
liiiuself tiriuly in the confidence of the public, and is known thiough the whole Conti 
iient as the jnoprietor of Beckwitii's Anti-Dyspeptic Pills, made from the original recipe 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, \A. 



237 



of Mp grauclfather, Dr. Jobu Bsckwitb. These Pills hive been working miracles on be- 
H'-'^f suffering bumauity for over seventy-five years, and Dyspeptics everywhere should 
f y^ '-hem ii fair trial. (See page 178.) 

Wm. r. SpotSWOOd.— One of Petersburg's mos' highly esteemed citizens. He is 
an apothecary of rare ability, and has built up a large and steady trade. (See page 179 ) 

'WOfi. H. Camp.— The wholesale trade established by this gentleman extends 
all ovet Central Virginia and North Carolina, and is still spreading in every direction, 
while his retail business in the City is also very large. His store is well stocked with 
every variety of goods usually kept in tirst-class Drug Stores. (See page 179.) 

C. Ii. '^Vfijht.— lu spite of the lamentable fact that this gentleman declines to 
advertise in this volume— see his announcement to that effect on page 179— it is only fair 
and propsr to state that he is an energetic and conscientious practical drugc;ist, who has 
secured au excellent tride through his own ability and the excellent quality of his 
goods. He makes a specialty of Garden and Truck-farm Seeds, and is sole manufacturer 
of Dr. Hartman's Aromatic Odonto and Pearl Tooth Powder. 

G-30. C, Starke, AX. D.— One of the oldest and most generally trusted Drug- 
gists in the City. His handsome new store, 37 Sycamore Street, contains a complete 
assortment of Drugs, Medicines, Chemicals, Perfumery, Toilet Ai-ticles. etc., and the 
greatest care and skill are employed in the preparation of prescriptions. (See page 179.) 

.■R. ^XT. Thompson.— Dealer in pure and reliable Drugs. Medicines, Paints, Oils, 
Glass and Putty, Fancy and Toilet Articles, Tobacco, Cigars etc.. and proprietor of the 
famous Carbolated Dentaliue, one of the most delicious and refreshing preparations for 
the mouth and teeth ever discovered. (See page 179.) 

Valentine's Utteat Juica V/orks. —Richmond, Va. (See page 180.) 

Dr. D' Armstadt's Anti-Dyspeptic Drops.— (See page 181.) 

Dunlop dL ZMIcCance, Richmond, Va.— The large flour mills owned and 
operated by this firm have recently been thoroughly equipped with the most perfect ma- 
chinery for manufacturing by the KoUer Process — a vast improvement upon the old 
burr-stone method — and they now offer the trade the very best flour that can be had. 
Their many famous brands, of which the " Dunlop Patent Family" is their specialty, are 
all made of carefully-selected wheat, and can be highly recommended. They are very 
popular with the domestic trade and are exported largely to Brazil and other South 
American markets. The business was established in 1853. (See page 182.) 
INSURANCE. 

Petersburg Savinjs and Insurance Co.— (See pages 154, 185 and 232.) 

Carter ILi Bishop. — Represents the Hartford Fire Insurance Company, of Hart- 
ford, Conn. (See page 185.) 

Cuthbert & Sons. — Represent The Royal Insurance Co., of Liverpool, Eug.: 
The London & Lancashire, of Liverpool, Eug.; The Northern, of London; The Fire In- 
surance Association, of Loudon; The Hamburg & Bremen, of Hamburg, Ger.: The Phe- 
nix, of Brooklyn: The Conuecucut, of Hartford, Conn., and the Westchester, of New 
York. (See page 185.) 

Benjamin Harrison. — Represents the following Fire Insurance Companies, 
namely : The North British and Mercantile, of London; The Home and New York, of 
New York; The Norwich Union, of Norwich, Eng., and The Lion, of Loudon. 

Jones & Stevens. — Represent the following Companies: Fire: — The Niagara, 
of New York; The Williamsburg City, of New York; The Queen, of Liverpool: The 
Ljudon Insurance Corporation, of London ; The Scottish Union and National, of Edin- 
burgh ; The Portsmouth, of Portsmouth, Va. Marine : —The Pheuix, of Brooklyu. Life : 
— The Equitable Life Insurance Society, of New York ; The Accident Instirance Com- 
pany of North America, of New York. (See page 185.) 

J.. Zidnrard IMLoyler <fc Co. — Represent the Liverpool & London & Globe, 
of Liverpool, Eng.; The Virginia Fire & Marine, of Richmond, Va.; The British-Ameri- 
ca Assurance Company, Toronto, Canada; The Virginia State Ins. Co., of Richmond, 
Va.; The Western Assurance Co.. of Toronto, Canada; The Travelers' (Accident) Ins. 
Co., of Hartford, Conn., and the Life Insurance Co. of Virginia, of Richmond, Va. (See 
jiage 185.) 

B. B. Pegram.— Represents The Washington Fire and Mai-ine Ins. Co., of Bos- 
ton, Ma.ss.; The New York Underwriters' Agency, of New Y'ork; The Germauia, of New 
York : The Imperial of Loudon ; The Northern, of London ; The Virginia Home, of 
Richmond, Va. (See page 185.) 



^^^ HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL 

DKY GOODS, NOTIONS, ETC ' 1 

figures. Their increased business ba^enfo c '^1^ ^l^e^^^^^^^ ^"1^^^*° ««" .^* l'^-««^' 
they cai.y a large and well-assorted variety of all goSXirline X"r."''lS^^ 

2ri^SsS^t^---£Hs^^ 

lines of goods they handle ^ Sis is The olr^pl n 1 i ^'"'^ '- - °'^ °^ '"^'^ *^« ^'^"""^ 

Petersburg, and his earned, duSn^S long He of uS^^^ 

dence and respect of the trade and the publil (See j^x 'e 1 Jy ) '^ '""^^^'''^^ *^^ '"^^fi" 

the^;as?;oune?n^vTaS':;nd'^ireTem^ ^"^^^1^ P--ises for 

He deals mostly In the &nTgZesotSil^^^^^^^^ 

Crapes and Mourning Goods and makes a speciakv of 't5H 1 iT^' ^'^^''' ^•^^"^^«' ^^''^'^l^ 
tees satisfaction, and his past honlSble deaWs SrW^^^^^ ^' ^"^^•^"- 

burg. are the best evidence of what may be' Slrn^i;:;^,;:^ 

an?^^'ile^of?,nffiett ^VZ^^Z^:^'^^^ ^^-- ^^^^^ i^^^^rs 
orders at New York prices, and ke^ep rfull hne of S'"- ^ ^^ 8"f f^'ee to fill wholesale 
tions of Dress Goods. Also CaiT.ets Rutl ofi pi A ' f A"'' ^^^^^^^^ and all descrip- 
pertainmg to a firat-class Dry^^S e^^tfblis^hmSri^rpS'trp '^^*' ^^^^-^^^^"^ 

DrrGollfanc?'S!.^^-SSs^arhi?^^^^^^^^^^ -^°^-le and retail 

past ten years, during which period he has bn if,^ . ' i ^y^'-^-^ore Street, for the 

established himself in^he confi'^^e" ce alf respect of aU wifh tf ^''f \^'' .^"/'^^^^ ^"^ 
He keeps a choice variety of all goods in hk Jhl o, i^ ^ ^"^ ^""^ ^""^ dealings. 
(See page 188.) ^ ^ " ^'' ^'''^' ^"^^ ^^^ P"ces are very reasonable. 

H.ll ^ „;!f-^^INGAPPAEEL-BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, ETC. 

TlS^Lfa^l^^^r^SySCl^^i,^^^ ^^-Z^^?^' ^™"^«' ^^- 
hshed more than ten years ago and has a w^f f^! o ^ ^^" ^usmess was estub- 

partner, Mr. George W. Hall holds a resnoT.tihSf '^ ^'''^If '^^'^^ position. The senior 
Commissioner of KevemS. (See page TS) ''' '''' ^''^ aovernment-that of 

Bo^tV^hoe^lS^^rd^^J^h^or'rS^^^^^ 

prudent and practical, and throuc^hhsSbinp/l^ f^^ enterprismg, but withal 
of the commodities in' which brdeals-hr succeeded irel'^S^ '\' good qualities 
mg trade. (See page 189.) succeeded in estabhshnag a fine and iucreas- • 

ouf^^^^Z- ^!^^:^Z!t^S^I^:T'''''^ this gentleman is with- 
tersburg's merchants. His Miio lesale bt^VeS in S 1^ ^^ ^'- 

Fmdinge, etc., is very extended, covering ?heVe^it..«l p.; h/ ^^^^^S'. Valises, Leather 
Tennessee, North and South CarolL^ Sitia .nd mrt« n? '™ Tn^^"". ""^ ^"'^^'^i^- 
three years ago he opened a branch estolStnffR f ^V'^''^^ ''*^"' ^^^^e^" ^bout 
bis many western custom 'rs He otT^lnTot^nS^T^f '^t '^' -«"°'^"^odation of 

^^■^liV^Lrd ^'- ,^;-----^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ (Seepage Jot) 

Jf^^S^u^t^S^li^ ^ideTnTa^nT.e^lt?t "^^^ ^r^' ^-^ - 
bouse last noticed-that of Mr. L'uits Wn2t %t^^ 

assorted stock of Boots, Shoes, TrunkrVabL, L"^^^^^^^ ,H^P "" .^^^'g^ ^^^^ ^^^11- 

profit on their sales. Thev eSov an eS If, f Ifwl.t"'^ '"'"^ f ^^'^"^^^ ^^^^ ^ "^^^^ li^i"g 



It on their sales. Thev enjoy an excel lint remit^timr,^ >=ausnea with a mere livmg 
.forward with confidence ti L l^on^SS^ ::^^:SJS^^^^'^!^;:^ 

baffv^r^jait'^^^^iiSTrb^rv^K'^rr" ')'' r^r^^^^'" *°^- - -^-'^^ 



Tpt?. hi 7^.^''°'''''^^' *^^ "EeHable," for no one who 

IhbJf 1 n '^"'"Pl^^" °f ^ bad bargain. He is the only 

ered '' perfrctior"^;;"t7m.X muJ ^^f "''f '^ ^^-ti^'^e^ ^^ ^^^ discov- 

Clothing, Dry Goods H.^anbX'sF 'f^ ^r''\ ^' ^^^^^ deals in ready-made 

-g, ind'ustriol.s'TcfhoS^birbn , " ^-T !? /,"? ^^.°^'v. "^^ - ^^^^^ ^be mo,J push- 



-g, industrious and honorable bus^^^ mlSrinhf Si^^^^^^n^llV 



GUIDE T(D PETERSBURG, VA. 239 

•Thomas R. Wloore.— For nearly tifteen years this gentleman has been succesa- 
fulh en^x-td i^the wholesale and retail Hat and Cap Trade, and mvns one of the lar- 
gest arSfiest-stocked establishments of its kind in the South. Mr. Moore is ""'ver^ ly 
feSected as a conscientious and accommodating dealer, and his prices are uniformly 
fotr His business relations in the wholesale department cover a large section o this 
State and North Carolina, while he also commands a large retail trade in the ty and 
neighborhood He makes a specialty of Ladies' and Misses' Cloaks, of which he keeps a 
large and select assortment in the latest styles. (See page 1J2.) 

Harrison 6l Co.— This long-established and well-known firm keeps a full line 
of Keady-ma?e Clothing of all qualities and prices, for men and boys^ Also a complete 
Ssoitmennf Men's Furnishing Goods. Under Clothing, Neck-wear, Handkercliiefs Col- 
Srs Cuffs e c , and is generally considered one of the cheapest, best and most reliable 
houses" n Virginia. Incleed " Harrison's on the Corner," enjoys a reputation far beyond 
thelimitsof this State. (See page 193.) T^• • >. 

H T IWiller 6l Co., Richmond, Va.— Proprietors of the famous ;' Dixie 
Sh?t"and"" ™e'' Drawers Factory, on Main Street, corner of Ninth. There >« ^ardly 
a cUvvUlageo hamlet in Virginia or North Carolina in which these articles of -Miller^ 
makl'" are not to be found, and they invariably give complete satisfaction The firm 
employs none but experienced cutters, and their --^^-^T, which is of the most ap- 
proved kind, is operated by thoroughly skilled hands. (See page 194.) ^ 
A Simon. Richmond, Va.-Successor to Salomonsky & Co. and a merchant .Tai-. 
lor of conskl^^ble skill. He has many customers in Petersburg whom he visits twice a 
moiithwithafuUlineof samples. (See page 19o.) . -o . 1 

XKT E Butcher «St Co.-The leading firm of Merchant Tailors in Petersburg. 
Itlf composed of MessifwTm^m E. Butcher and James M. Quicke, both ot whom are 
widewTnd favorably kno^n in all the surrounding counties, a^^V^i^i^'. 1 'f nf^ 
ThPh fine store on slcamore Street, near Washington, contains a splendid stock of cloth 
of ^11 p^Utei^s and tLeir journeymen are kept busy all the year round making suits for 
cityandcountry customers. (See page 195.) . n^u 

W/.nh IXTalkpr & Co.— An agency of the well-known Baltimore house of Cloth- 
ierfand Me^.?nt ?ailS^s of °he samelame. The Petersburg establishment is under he . 
manSement of Messrs. Alex. F. Short and J. Geo. Wilkinson, Agents. (See page 195.) 
FUENITURE. 
W Tiff Habliston & Co.— Carrv an immense stock of Furniture of every 
des^intion ecmluiiDg in quantity and variety that of any similar establishment in the 
South They ; thi?s enabled to ofier superior inducements to customers, and it is ad- 
milted geneSuy that they can duplicate any order, large or small, at as low pnce« as any 
mher house\n the country. The business was founded in 878 and has grown and flour- 
ished since that date almost beyond precedent, (See page IJb.) 

Garv & Co.-Occupv a handsome three-story brick store on the corner of Syca- 
^ ex, vu. 1 carefully-selected and valuable stock of 

trmtutSn\,'GS^Va;:' Plated Ware, Lamps and other varieties of House Fur- 
nishing Goods, which they offer at very low prices. (See page 197.) 

I. Herring-.-A substantial and highly respectecl merchant and m.annfacturer, 
la. Xl.errj.iig. articles as Wood ware. Backets. T\ibs, Crockery, Kich- 

^!£:^^^^^^ etc., of the very best quality, which are ofiered at 
most relnabfe tigures. Mr. Herring also manufactui;es Brooms, Brushes, \Vbisks and 
Tinware, all of Superior workmanship. (See page 1 J/.) ,. , , . 

Kind's SoUthside "Dye Works.-Mr. King has been engaged m the busi- 
^^n?pim?aud St" m Cleaning since 1857, in which year the hrst-class premium 
ness "^^-Jfiug and Steam uie^^^^^ awarded to him by the Baltimore Mechanics' lustitute. 
Str? ;;l ^dkn^peH^c^'h^UaVmade great P-|-s in |;i« -t. and guarantees every- 
thing he does to be first-class in every respect. (See page 19/.) 

TamPS T MorriSS.-Establ shed in 1858, and has therefore had twenty-seven 
James X- awAuwiao TT^aertaker He keeps constantly on hand a fane selec- 
Sro;S;\X"aM N?^ "cSs\'^^ plL, cloth-co-vered and ornamental, 

tion of ^^etii ic auu > „,ticies pertaining to his business. He gives prompt at- 

S;fon ';::f:^'^^^^V^^ and guarantees satisfaction to all Ms patrons. 
(See page _ ^^ Photographic Art in all its branches and details. Owns 

tw^weU-ewS galleries on Sycamore Street, and executes all kinds of Photo- 



24° 



HISTORICAL AXD INDUSTRIAL 



graphic work iu the latest styles. Many of the best eugraviugs shown ou the foregoing 
pages were copied from photographs taken by him for this volume. (See page 19'J._) 
BOOKS, STATIONERY, PIANOS ETC. 
T- S- Beckwith & Co. — Of all the retail establishments of any kind, existing 
in Petersburg, the one now vinder review is perhaps by far the most important, as it 
exercises the most wide-spread influence for good in the community. It was founded 
nearly twenty years ago, and has been a successful business enterprise from its birth. 
The store was enlarged about two years ago by the addition of a large, lofty and well- 
lighted room, which is used as an Art Gallery and Music Hall. It also contains the 3,000 
Books and Magazines of Beckwith'g Circiilating Library, which is an unspeakable boon to 
the City. The Arm deals largely in Pianos and Organs from the most famous factories in 
the country, Book and Sheet Music, public and private School Books, Fancy Goods, 
Stationeiy and all other articles belonging to a lirst class Stationery Store, in great profu- 
sion and endless variety. Mr. T. S. Beckwith is also the head of the Book and Station- 
ery hou^ of Beckwith and Parham, m Richmond. (See page 200.) 

'Win- la- Zimmer & Co. — This flourishing firm not only transacts a large and 
ever-growing business in all its many departments, but also sets a splendid example of 
spirited enterprise. It has also held a front place among dealers, and has within the last 
three years, branched out into an important industrial and manufacturing establishment. 
From a simple but first-class retail Book and Stationery Store, it has rapidly developed 
into into one of the most complete Printing and Book-binding, Engraving and Blank 
Book and Stationery Manufactui ing houses in the South. The firm are also Jobbers and 
retail dealers in School and Miscellaneous Books, and are Agents for several of the best 
makes cf Pianos and Organs in America. Their Wood Engraving Department stands 
alone iu Virginia. It produced several of the Engravings shown in this volume. Blank 
Books are made to order on sliort notice and in best style, and the same may be said of 
their Book Binding, a sample of which is at this moment before the reader. They make 
specialties of Tobacco work, such as Machine-cut Tags, Strips and Labels. Their jn-ices 
are very moderate and they guarantee everything they sell to be as represented, or they 
refund the money. (See page 201.) 

Charles 3MI- StiefT Baltimoee, Md.— The "Stiefl"" Pianos have earned a reputa- 
ttou as wide as the Un ted States, and are everywhere endorsed by professors, teachers 
and musical connois-seurs, for their tone, workmanship and durability. At the Paris 
Exposition of 1878 they obtained the highest honors. x\lr. Stiefl' is also wholesale agent 
for several leading Organs. He sells Pianos and Organs ou easy instalments, take3 
Pianos in exchange, and keeps a large assortment of second-hand instruments on hand. 
(See pages 202 and 203.) 

I*. B- Pug"h & Co. — Agents for all Periodicals at publishers' prices. Also News- 
dealers, Stationers and dealers iu Picture Frames and Fancy Goods, the best brands of 
Cigars, Tobacco, Snufl" and Pipes. A most trustworthy house which has earned public 
confidence and esteem. (See page 204.) 

VTebster's Unabridged Dictionary.— It would seem presumptuous in a work 

like this to do more than mention with the utmost difiidence a book of such magnitude, 
influence and universal information as Webster's Dictionary. Suffice it, therefore, to say- 
that no student or educated person can aftord to be -without it. It is handled exclusively 
by its publishers, Messrs. G. & C. Merriam & Co., Springfield, Mass., and their agents. 
vSee page 20-1.) 

J. XX- Chataigne, Richmond, Va.— Not only as sources of invaluable iufoimatiou 
to the merchant, manufacturer and even professional man, but also as unequalled adver- 
tising mediums, Chataigne's Directories are almost indispensable. He publishes sepa- 
rate Directories for the States of Virginia and Noith Carolina, and the cities of Rich- 
mond, Petersburg, Norfolk and Alexandiia, and the line of the Chesapeake and Ohio 
railway. (See page 201.) 

CARRIAGES, HARNESS, &G. 

T- P- Jolinson & Co.— The senior member and mnnagirg paituer iu this firm has 
had fifteen years' expeiieuce in practical harness making, the last ten of which have been 
passed iu Petersburg. The house manufactures and deals iu all kinds of Harness, Sad- 
dies. Bridles, and Horse Furnishing Goods, and guarantees satistaction as to both quali- 
ty and price. (See page 205.) 

p. 3^. Steward.— In 1868 this gentleman succeeded his father, who had estab- 
lished the business twenty years previously. It is therefore one of the oldest, as it ig 
also one of the most reliable and highly e.stcemed, business houses in Petersburg. Mr. 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. 24r 

Stewiiid deals exteusively iu Carriages, Phaetons, Eockaways, Buggies aud olber kinds 
of vehicles, which may be iusjiected at his commodious repository aud show rooms. No. 
13 Bollingbrook Street. Kis Harness Manufactory aud sale rooms are at 52 Sycamore 
Street, where he manufactures all descriptions of Harness, Saddles, Bridles, &c., of dif- 
ferent styles and qualities, aud keeps a fine and selected stock of Eobes, Blankets, 
Whips, Spurs and all other articles of a like nature. (See page 20G.) 

"Wm. ZZ. XZarrison> — Manufactures all kinds of Harness and has secured a large 
town aud coiintry trade through his personal popularity aud the flue quality of his goods. 
He is also a large dealer in Carriages, Buggies and Wagons. His extensive Harness fac- 
tory and Carriage repository are at No. 'J Bank Street. (See pag3 207.) 

BAGS AND BAGGING. 
Carter R. Bishop 6L Co. — This industrious and enterprising firm was founded" 
in 1S.S2, and supplies a want lon'r felt iu this section. By importing direct, through the 
New York agents, they are enabled to purchase their burlaps at the most favorable figures, 
and to manufacture and deliver their Bags at any point iu Virginia or the South at as 
low prices as are paid for the s'^me goods in Philadelphia or Baltimore, thus saving to 
the consumer the cost of freight aud handling, They make aud print all kiuds of Pea- 
nut, Grain. Flour and Fertilizer Biigs, of all qualities and sizes, according to the par- 
chaser's instructions. (See page 308.) 

MISCELL.\NEOUS TRADES AND TRADESMEN. 

Seward 6L Bffunt.— These gentlemen own aud operate the "Eagle" Flour and. 
Coru Mills, and the adjoiuiu,' "Enterprise" Trunk Factory, at Campbell's Bridge, and, 
are doing an extensive business in both branches of industry. Their specialties at the 
mill are Corn Meal and Pearl Hominy, which are of excellent quality aud in great de- 
mand. At the factory they manufacture all kinds of Trunks, Valises, Satchels, Straps, 
&c., and have succeeded iu establishing almost a monopoly for their goods throughout 
the sections lying to the South, East and West of Petersburg. The business was estab- 
lished iu 1870 aud is now a most prosperous concern. Mr. Simon Sewiu'd, the senior 
member of the firm, represents tne Fourth Ward iu the City Council. (See page 210.) 

Charles IVE. V^alsh.— Proprietor of the "Cockade Marble Works," which have 
been iu successful oi^eration since their establishment in 18G5. Mr. Walsh manufactures 
Monuments. Headstones. Tablets, Crosses, Tombstones, &c., of every description, and 
is a complete master of his art. Hundreds of testimonials to his skill may be seen in 
Blaudford Cemetery and iu tlie rural graveyards for many miles around, as well as at his 
works on South Sj'cauiore Street. That his work gives perfect satisfaction in design, 
workmanship aud price is evidenced by the fact that he entirely monopolises this indus- 
try in Petersburg and challenges the world to compete with him. (See page 211.) 

J. C. TVool.— Iu 1876 succeeded the firm of A. B. Demarest & Co. who established 
the " Old Dominion Planing Mill " five years previously. He manufactures aud deals 
iu all kinds of Uoors, Sash, Blinds. Mouldings. Brackets, Newels, Ballusters, Stair Rails, 
Rough and Dressed Lumber aud all kinds of Buildiug Material and Builders' Hardware. 
Dressing, Kiln-Drying aud Scroll Sawing promptly executed and all styles of Window 
Frames and Mantle Pieces made to order. He makes a specialty of Manufacturing Boxes 
and guarantees satisfaction to all his customers. Mr. Wool mostly uses the timber of 
native growth, believing it to be better adapted by nature to the peculiarities of the cli- 
mate than that grown at a distaut point and under different climatic influences could pos- 
sibly be. This theory has been amply justified by experience, aud has the great addi- 
tional advantage of enabling Mr. Wool to patronise "home industry," while at the same 
time securing the most durable material and thus conferring additional benefit upon his 
customers. (See page 212.) 

Ca Cx. Taylor. — " The China Palace," of which Mr. Taylor is the proprietor, is one 
of tbe show-places of Petersburg. It is situated on Sycamore Street, a few doors above 
the Iron Fr jnt Building, and contains a profusion of the most elegant articles in China, 
Glass, Qaeensware, Silver Plated Ware, Table Cutlery, Tea Trays, Looking Glasses and 
other kindred articles of foreign aud domestic manufacture ever gathered together under 
oue roof iu this city. The goods are undoubtedly first-class aud the prices compete 
with the largest markets. Everybody should visit the " China Palace," and inspect its 
treasurer. (See page 213.) 

Toha A. X^allory. — An experienced aud successful Florist, who began business 
fourteen years a^o with c^uly oue small greeuhouse. Industry, perseverance, integrity 
and skill in this case bore iheir legitimate fruit, and five years ago Mr. Mallory removed 
to his present premises on Bulliugbrojk, Fourth aud Lombird streets, occupying a whole 



242 HISTORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL. 

square now .ilniost covered with glass, tastefully laid out, and altogether one of the most 
perfect and beautiful places of its kind in Virginia. Mr. Mallory deals in Cut Flowers, 
Bouqiiets and Funeral Designs, which can always be furnished at short notice. Also 
Greenhouse and Bedding Plants of the choicest kinds and at lowest prices. (See page 214:.) 

Wm D. Foythress. — Florist ; established in 1876. Has five well stocked green- 
houses and will shortlj' build a new one — 80x18 feet — -to accomodate his increasing 
trade. Keeps every sort of Flower worth cultivating and deals in all varieties of Green- 
house and Bedding Plants. Execiites all kinds of Cut Flower Work, Bouquets. Floral 
Designs for D( coratious and Funerals, and supplies Flowers for parties and banquets at 
short notice. Gives prompt attention to all orders by mail or telegraph, and guarantees 
satisfaction. (See page 215.) 

J. "NLm ^Vhitehursta — The largest manufacturer of Mattresses — Hair, Shuck and 
Cotton Top — in the city. Also wholesale and retail dealer in Wall Paper, Window 
Shades, Oil Cloths, Mattings, Rugs, Door Mats, Lace Curtains, Upholsterers' Supplies, 
Cornices, Picture Frame Mouldings and other commodities of a like nature. He has 
been engaged in this line of business in Petersburg for nearly thirty-five years and has 
won the respect and confidence of all with whom he has had dealings. (See page 215.) 

J. Y57. IToUQg'. — Succeeded J. T. Young & Bro., of which firm he was the junior 
member, in 1884, and now offers great bargains in Jewelry, Gold and Silver Watches, 
Diamonds, Clocks and Silver Ware. Makes Si^ectacles and Eye-Glasses a specialty. Re- 
pairs Watches and Jewelry in the best style, and executes all orders with guaranteed sat- 
isfaction. His stock is the largest and best selected in the city. (See page 216.) 

ILm D> XZarding. — A practical and skilltul Watchmaker and Jeweler, and dealer in 
Clocks, Watches, Gold and Silver Ware and all kinds of Jewelry. Gives special atten- 
tion to Cleaning and Repairing, and makes Wedding and Gift Rings to order. He war- 
rants all his work, charges very moderately and is thoroughly reliable in all respects. 
(See page 216.) 

C. r. Ziauterback. — Has been engaged in the Watchmaking and Jewelry busi- 
ness in Petersburg for the past fourteen years, the first five ot which, from 1871 to 1876, 
were passed under the careful training of the late E. Richter. Deals in Watches, Clocks, 
Fine Jewelry and Silver- Ware, and executes Repairs at short notice. (See page 217.) 

Da Buchanan. — A practical Watchmaker and manufacturing Goldsmith and Jew- 
eler, formerly of Glasgow, Scotland. He is about to remove to Richmond, where his 
address will be No. Ill Broad street. During the residue of his stay here he offers great 
bargains in all kinds of Jewelry, Watches, Clocks, Silver Ware, &c. (See page 217.) 

James Smith & Son.— The Soap Factory of this firm on Pine Street was estab- 
lished mure than forty years ago, and has a capacity of about 275,000 pounds a year. 
Their principal brands are "No. 1," "Family," "Olive," "Southside," "Palm," and 
"New." Their trade is principally local, though a good deal of their product is ship- 
ped to distant points through our merchants. The junior partner, Mr. Hugh R. Smith, 
represents the Fourth Ward in the City Council. (See page 217.) 

«r> Ba Brady. — Gas and Steam Fitter and Mechanical Plumber, who has been es- 
tablished in biisiuess here for over a quarter of a century. His work gives universal 
satisfaction. Keeps a large stock of Pipes and other Fixtures with which to supply the 
trade. (See page 217.) 

Stone «& S'riend. — Proprietors of one of the oldest and best arranged Sale, Live- 
ry and Hiring Stables in the city, having been established in 1867. Keep a fine assort- 
ment of Hacks, Buggies and Saddle Horses, and furnish excellent accommodation for 
drovers. (See page 217. 

G-eO. A- nttZ. — For the past ten years engaged in the Livery business and keeps 
a first-class Livery, Sale and Exchange Stable at 18 B.iuk Street. Is prompt and reliable 
aud lifis built up a good trade. (See page 217.) 

tJ. Z). Bowie. — Deals very extensively in Fish, Oysters, Game and Country Pro- 
duce, and fills orders promptly and satisfactorily. (See page 218.) 

IL, 3m IVXann. — An energetic and' trustworthy Practical Upholsterer and Paper- 
Hanoer. Executes Plain or Decorative Work in good style at short notice. (Seepage 318.) 

LUMBER, WOOD AND COAL. 

Cooper &. SpotSWOOda— Stand at the head of the Lumber Trade in Petersbiirg, 

and aie numbered among the most useful, honorable and reliable of her representative 

busiiit-s men. They own and operate extensive saw mills on the lines of the Norfolk 

and Vv'e.-,ttrn and the Seaboard railroads, and occupy the spacious yard on Washington 



GUIDE TO PETERSBURG, VA. ^ 243 



auA 
Their trausac- 



■Street, opoosite Watsou & McGiU's tobacco factory, iu this city as the receiving 

distributing point for the enormous quantities of lumber they handle. Their tra 

Sns in this important product extend all over the country, and they have been largely 
instrumental in establishing Petersburg's commercial relations with distant markets. 
They make a specialty of Tobacco Box Lumber, which forms a very considerable item 
of consumption iu Virginia and the Carolinas. (See page -18.) 

»Iarks 6L Friend.— Among our largest dealers in Hay, Grain, Coal, Lime, Ce- 
menf PlSerTxnd Lumber. As General Commission and Shipping Merchants they have 
established themselves firmly in public confidence during the P^?f. f.^^^^X^^.^.^' ^^j;- 
ing been always found prompt and reliable. They cut Lumber Bills to order and manu- 
facture Agricultural Lime in large quantities, thus contributing to the mdustnal as well 
as to the commercial prosperity of the city. (See page 21U.) 

J YST" rhilliPS.— Manufactures Bricks of the best quality and deals largely in 
w'd^oa^ Lumber, Railroad Ties. Hoop Poles. &c. Has recently enclosed siuc.oiis 
yards at the Canal Basin, head of High Street, supplied with every facility fo^" transact, 
iug an immense business. Orders can be transmitted tbrough telephone, or bj mail, 
and will always receive prompt attention. (See page 210.) 

Wm J Chappell.-An experienced and skillful Builder and Contractor who 
euammees satS?oa ia all the work he undertakes. By industry, capacity and fadehty 
fXStereSfof his patrons, he has seci^^^^^ in the city and 

neighborhood. (See page 219.) 

Johnl.. HobSOn. -Deals in all grades of Hard and Soft Coal and makes the 
famovrCm^b'^laSfco^l a specialty. Orders for car loads or smaller quantities will be 
ijromptly filled at the lowest market prices. (See page 22U.J 

Wm B. Wichols.-Isgenerallv regarded as one of Petersburg's most energetic, 

^^o.f^:^^n.^"^i^^y m.l-chants; wh'ose courtesy and -^^^^^^^^J^^^ 
tir,„«1inve built nil a flouri^hug trade m all kinds ot Coal— Anthiacite, bpiim, liiigui. 
CeandSteirCoa^ He attends promptly to all orders, and guarantees 

the very lowest market prices. (See page 220.) 

r-onro-pV Scott dt Son. -General Commission and Shipping Merchiuts and 
de^eSSo^ an^l ToJd^^h^'ey ship principally to t^ Northern n..j^^^^^^ among 

the largest contributors to the shipping interests of the cit^ (bee page^.u.) 

Harrison 6l Barksdale-Deal in all kimls of Lumber, Laths. Posts. Wood and 
oth^-^siS"commoS, and fill all ordei-s at lowest figures. They are perfectly reh- 
ble and have secured an excellent trade, (bee page 220.) . w /, 

^ ^v.«.« T '«««o-*.r<B— Has been engaged for the past ten years as dealer in NVood 

orders are filled, (bee page 220.) 

CONFECTIONERY. 
r«l,^rl«.« C Allev -The large wholesale and retail Fruit and Confectionery estab- 

\°rginia, North Carolina and other States. (See page 321.) 

» TT iwroT-lzc A. f3o —The oldest, largest and most complete Confectionery 

H. Marks & Co. (See page 221.) 



INDEX. 



GENERAL 

Pago. 

Adams-Boisseau Duel, The . . 29 

Anderson Seminar}^ The. . . 28 

Attorneys-at-Law 222 

Attractive Homes 107 

Eags and Bagging 207 

Banks. . 153 

Baron de Steuben 16 

^ase-Ball Association .... 90 

•Boat Clubs, The 90 

Books, Stationery and Pianos. 199 

Burk-Coquebert Duel, The. . . 25 

Carriages, Harness, &c. . . . 205 

Centre Hill 91 

Charter of 1850, The 40 

City Government, The .... 68 
City's Financial Condition, The .68 
Commercial Organizations. . . loi 
Commission Merchants, Gro- 
cers and Brokers 137 

Confectionery 220 

Corporation Court, The ... 68 

Cotton Mills 158 

Cox's Snow 42 

Dentists 224 

Drugs, Paints and Oils. ... 176 
Dry Goods, Notions and Car- 
pets 186 

Fertilizers 155 

Fire of 1826, The [ 31 

Furniture 195 

■Great Fire, The 28 

Guide to the Churches .... 69 

Historical Sketch 6 

Hotels and Restaurants ... 162 

Industrial Progress 34 

Insurance 184 

Introduction 5 

Iron Works and Hardware. . , 167 



SUBJECTS. 

Page. 

La Fayette's Visit 30 

Local Press, The 84 

Lower Appomattox, The ... 80 

Lumber, Wood and Coal. . . . 218 

Mayors of Petersburg, The. . . 67 
Mechanics' Association. . . .32, 86 

Mexican War, The 38 



Miscellaneous Trades .... 209 

Nat Turner's Insurrection. . . 32 

Ninth of T'lne, The. . • . . . 47 

Old Fort Henry 6 

Peanuts 130 

Peter Jones . 10 

Petersburg Incorporated ... 20 

Petersburg Musical Association 88 

Petersburg Railroad Company 32 

Poplar Lawn 38 

Principal Business Houses . . 225 

Railroads 95 

Return of Peace, The .... 63 

Revolutionary War, The. ... 15 

Schools and Colleges 172 

Schooner " Keziah," The . . . 42 

Secret Orders, etc 71 

Siege of Petersburg, The. . . 49 

Steamship and Steamboat Lines 105 

Suicide of Antomatti, The . . 36 

Sumac 160 

Tobacco Ill 

Tobacco Warehouses 114 

Upper Appomattox Company. . 75 

U. S. Circuit Court, The ... 68 

War between the States, The . 44 

War of 1812, The 26 

Washington's Visit 21 

Wearing Apparel 189 

Y. M. C. A., The 88 



Indrx. 



^45 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Anderson School • 93 

id's-eve view from Fleet's 



Front 



ispiece 

■ 7 
6i 

31 



Hill 

Blandford Church 

" partially restored 

Bollingbrook Hotel 

Boykin, Bland & Co.'s Tobac- 
co Factory • • 93 

Cameron, Wm. & Bro.';; To- 
bacco Factory. ... 63 

Centre Hill 43 

Central Park 53 

City Hall and Clerk's Office . 
('ity Point, View near .... 
Custom- House and Postoffice 
Dunlop & McCance's MiH 
(Richmond) ■ . • 

Exchange & Ballard Hotels . . 

Farm Life in Virgini^i 29 

Federal Headquarters at Poplar 

Grove . . 57 

First Baptist Church 39 

French, Wm. E 's. Drug Store 56 
Habliston, W. M. & Co.'s, Fur- 
niture Store 87 

Harbor and Bridge i? 

Harrison & Co.'s Clothing Store 65 

Iron Front Building 49 

Masonic Hall 47 

Medical College of Virginia . . 175 



13 
19 

37 

182 
164 



PngO. 
62 

95 
23 
98 

9 



Military Map (inset) 

Moore. T. K.'s Hat Store. . . 
Natural Brid,,e of Virginia . . 

Old Market House 

Palmer. T. A.'s Groc|^ Store 
Plan of OriginalTown". . 

Poplar ( J rove Church 59 

Public High School 55 

Residence of George Cameron, 

Esq. ... 25 

Residence of John M( Gill, Esq. 

" " W.E. Hinton,Esq. 

Rosenstock, A. & Co.'s, Dry 

Goods Store 

St. Joseph's (R. C.) Church . . 
St. Pauls (P. E.) Church ... 15 
Seward & Munt's Mill and Fac- 
tory . 99 

Sycamore Street 2 i 

Synagogue ' ' ', ^^ 

Tabb-Street (Presb'n) Church 27 
Washington-St. ( M. E.) Church 5 1 
Watson & McGill's Tobacco 

Factory. 53 

West-End Park 41 

Wilson. Alexander's, Grocery 

Store 97 

Wright, Augustus' Boot and 
Shoe Store 94 



45 
II 

96 
69 



Zimmer, 



Wm. L.'s, Book Store 85 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



Mien & Prichard 

Mey. C. C • • • 

ppomattox Iron Works . 
upomattox Mill. .... 

rcher, Alfred 

Arrington, John cV Sons. . 

Arringtons & Scott 

Arrington, R. T., President. 
\rrington, S. P., President, 
i'.agwell and Williams. . . 

Bain, E. B 

i;ain,E. B.,Agt. . 157,161- 
P,ank of Petersburg. . . . 
Barkley, W. D. & Co. . . 
Barksdale, C. L., Secretary 
Battersea M'f'g Company 



Page. 

38, 228 
221. 243 
169, 235 
160, 233 
151, 231 

139, 228 

139, 2 2-8 

• • 158 
. . 160 
151, 231 

140, 228 
232. 233 

155' 232 

. . , 123 

159 

159 



Baxter, Wm. H.. Secretarj 
Beadle, George, Proprietor 

Beckwith, E. R 

Beckwith, T. S. & Co. . . 

•Bernard, G. S. & D. M. . 
Bird, H. V. L, Agent. . . 
Bishop, Carter R., Agent. . 

1 Bishop Carter R. & Co. . . 

1 Blackwell, j. Garland & Co. 

i Blake, J. C 

i Bollingbrook Hotel . . . 

1 Boiling, T. S., Executor . 

t Bond, E. J. & Bro. . . . 

I Bowie, J. D 

I Bovkin, Bland &:Co.; . . 

I Brady, T- B 



Page. 
•. . 92 
93 
178, 236 
200, 240 
. . 222 
• • 103 
185, 237 
208, 241 
141, 228 
152, 231 
.163, 233 
. . 91 
230 
242 
. . 121 
217, 242 



150 
218 



246 



Index. 



Page. 

Brooks, G. W 172, 285 

Brown, Geo. H., Manager.. 136, 227 
Brown, P. F. & Bro,, Prop. 165, 233 

Buchanan, I) 217 242 

Burgess, I)r. T. Jay 224 

Butcher, E W., Secretary,i54, 185 
Butcher, W. E. & Co. . .195, 239 

Butler, Winston & Co 161 

Butter Dish Factory 135 

Cabaniss «S^: Eunsford. . . .14S, 230 
Callender, David, Agent. . . . 159 

Cameron, Wm. & Bro 116 

Campbell, A. J. & Co 125 

Camp, Wm. H 179, 237 

Carrington, J. L., Propr'r. 164, 233 

Carr, Joseph i 76, 236 

Ceiry, J. S., Manager, Back In- 
side Cover and 235 

Centre Hill 91 

CentreWarehou.se . . . .127, 226 

Chappell, Wm. J 219, 243 

Chataigne, J. H., Publisher 204, 240 

Clarke & Gilliam 222 

Clyde Eines, The 105, 225 

Cockade Marble Works. . .211, 241 

Cocke & Gilliam 222 

Collier & Budd 222 

Cooper & Spotswood. . . .218, 242 
Cosby, Dr. B. F. . • . . . . ! 224 

Cox, E. M 222 

Crowder, G. L. & Bro. . .186, 238 

Curtis, P. H. & Co 151, 231 

Cuthbert & vSons 185, 237 

D'Alton & ( o 150, 230 

D'Armstadt. Dr 181 

Davie & Whittle 156,232 

Davis, F. E., President . . . . 158 

Davis, George & Co. . .. 134, 227 

Davis, George H. Co. . .188, 238 
Davis, Roper . . .... 222 

Davis, Roper &: Co. . . .142, 2 28 

Deaton, WE 152, 231 

Domestic Sewing Machine. 1 7 r, 235 
Donnan, Alex., President. . . . 159 
Donnan & Hamilton .... 223 
Dugger, D. B., Cashier . . 154, 185 
Dugger, L. W., Lessee . .176, 236 
Dunlop & McCance. . . .182, 237 
Dunlop tSc Townes .... 153, 232 
Dunlop, Peebles cS^: Co . . 133, 227 

Eichberg, A 166, 234 

Ettrick Manufacturing Co. . . 159 



European House 166, 

Exchange & Ballard Hotels. 164 
Farmers' Friend Plow Works 

Back Inside Cover and. . . 

Fittz, George A 217, 

Freeman, Lloyd, Mason & 

Dryden • -157; 

French, Wm. E. . . . • . 177. 

Friend & Davis 

Fuqua, Dr. L. T 

Galieo Sumac Mills . . . 160. 

Gary & Co 197, 

Graham, Edward, Agent. . . , 

Gray & Inge 152. 

Green & Burton 143; 

Griffin, John C 109, 

Griswold, J. G., Principal. . i 74 
Habliston, W. M. c^^ Co. . .196, 
Hall & Willcox 189, 



H; 



W. H. 



24, 



Harding, A. D 216, 

Hartman, Dr. John H 

Harrison & Barksdale. . . 220, 
Harrison & Co. ..... 193, 

Harrison, Benjamin . . , .185, 
Harrison, Dr. Jas. F., Chair- 
man of Faculty . . 

Harrison, Wm. H 207, 

Heinemann, Henry 167, 

TIerring, L. 197, 

Hobson, John L 220, 

Hotel Gary . . ... 162, 

Hubbard, W. T. & Co. . .151, 
Hunter, Charles E., Back In- 
side Cover and . . 
Hurt, Samuel J .... 149, 
Inge, L. D. , . . -123, 
James, Dr. M. L., Dean of 

P^acultv 175, 

Jarratt, T. J. & Son . . . .150, 
Johnson, P. F. & Co. . . .205, 
Jones & Callender . . . .144, 

Jones & Harvey 127, 

Jones & Stevens . . . 185, 

Jones, Robert H. Jr. 
Jones, Robert H. Jr., Pres't. . . 
Jones, W. N. & Co, . . . 160, 
Kevan, Andrew, President, . . 
King, Ed., Sr., . . . 
Kitchen, J. M., Supt 
Lauterback, C. F. . . 
Leath, E. C , 



197. 



217, 
199, 



Page. 



235 
2 4 J 

232 
236 
223 
224 
233 
239 
160 
231 
228 
226 
236 

239 
238 
226 
242 
224 
243 
239 
237 

T74 
241 

234 

239 
243 
233 
231 

235 
230 
226 

236 
230 
240 
228 
226 

237 
223 

233 
92 

239 

242 
239 



Index. 



247 



Page. 

Leonard, Charles 170, 235 

L.ester, R. F., Secretary ... 75 

Levy, M. & Co 131, 226 

Liebert, Julius 166, 234 

Lyon, David A 223 

Maclin, John H 122 

Mallory, John A 214, 241 

Mann, A. J 218, 242 

Mannie, George A. & Co. . . . 135 

Marks cSe: Friend 219, 243 

Marks, R. C. & Co. . . . 134, 227 
Marks, S. H. & Co. . . .221, 243 
Martin, Hill & Co. . . 145, 228 
Matoaca Manufacturing Co. . . 159 
Medical College of Va . . 175, 236 
Merriam, G. & C. & Co. . 204, 240 

Miller, H. T. & Co 194, 239 

Moore's Warehouse 126 

Moore, T. R 192, 239 

Morriss, James T 198, 239 

Morrison, H. T. & Co., Front 

Inside Cover and 235 

Moyler, J. Edward & Co . 185, 237 
Munford & James . , . .191, 238 
McCabe, \V. Gordon, Head- 
master i73» 235 

McCarrick, James W., Gen. 

Southern Agent .... 105, 225 

Mclhvaine & ALison 223 

McKenney, W. R 223 

Nichols, W. R. 220, 243 

Norfolk & Western R. R. . 98, 103 

Nunnally, C. B 189, 238 

Gcean View Hotel .... 167, 234 
Old Dominion Cotton Mills. . 160 
Old Dominion Planing 

Mills .212, 241 

Old Dominion Shirt Fac- 
tory 194 

Old Dominion S. S. Co. . . 106, 225 

Osborne, Robert C 124 

Palmer, T. A 149, 230 

Parham & Stokes, Managers. . . 126 
Patterson, Madison & Co . 150, 230 

Payne, W. F. Agent 104 

l^eeyes^ John F.^ . . . . .149, 230 

Pegram, B.^lTT^ 185, 237 

Percivall & Field 128, 226 

Petersburg Cotton Mills. . . . 158 
Petersburg Gas-Light Co. ... 92 
Petersburg Iron Works, Front 
Inside Cover and 235 



Page. 

Petersburg Railroad 95, 102 

Petersburg Savings and In- 
surance Company . .154, 185, 232 
Petersburg Street Railway . . 93 
Pettit, M. A., Proprietor. . .163, 233 

Phillips, J. W 219, 243 

Phillips, Walter S. & Co. . 132, 227 
Planters' Warehouse . . .176, 236 
Plummer& Morgan, Agents . . 158 
Plummer & Wheeler . . , 172, 235 
Plummer, Bain & Co. . . .152, 232 
Pope, A., Gen. Pass. Agent . . 103 

Poythress, W. D 215, 242 

Price, Albert W 152, 231 

Prichard, George S. . . .148, 230 

Pugh, F. E. & Co 204, 240 

Purcell House 165, 233 

Purcell, Ladd & Co., Agts. . . 181 

Pyle & DeHaven no, 226 

Quincey, Chris., Prop'r. . 166, 234 

Radcliffe, W. G., Supt 159 

Rahily, Daniel 152, 231 

Rialto Mills 160, 233 

Robinson, Tillar Sz Co . . 146, 229 
Rockwell, Joseph E. . . . 188, 238 

Rogers, GecTrge J 220, 243 

Roper, Bartlett, President 

< and Treasurer 158 

Rosenstock, A. & Co. . . .187, 238 
Routh, James E., President 

and Treasurer 136, 227 

Saal, M. R. .... 191, 238 

St. Paul's Female School . 174, 236 
Scott, Fred. R., President . 154, 185 
Scott, Geo. V. & Son . . .220, 243 

Seward & Munt 210, 241 

Shelburn. R. R 171, 235 

Shelton, Chas. H., Agt.105, 106, 225 

Simon, A 195, 239 

Slater, J. Hampden. . . .153, 232 

Smith & Perkins 153, 232 

Smith, James & Son . . . .217, 242 
Southside Dye Works. . . .197, 239 
Southside Manufact'g Co . 136, 227 
Spotswood, Wm. F. . .179, 237 

Spratley & Kidd 152, 231 

Starke, Dr. George C. . . .179, 237 

Steel, Dr. D., President 159 

Stevens, Sam'l., Cashier .... 155- 

Steward, P. M 206,^240 

Stieff, Charles M 202, 240 

Stone ^ Friend 217, 242 



2 48 



Index. 



Sully, R. M., Supt 

Swift Creek Mamit'sr Co _ 
Tappey & Steel , . \ ... .168 
Tatum, L. B., Supt. . . . .106 

Taylor, C. G. . 213 

Tennant, D. B. & Co. ~ . 

Tennant, D. B., President 

Thomas, O. O. &- Co ", 

Thompson, R. W i-o^ 

Turner, John R ' j3x[ 

University of Virginia 174' 
University School . . . . ,73' 
Upper Appomattox Co 
Valentine, Mann S. . . . ] 
Valentine's Meat Juice Works 

Venable, S. W. & Co " 

Virginia Bag Factory. .', 208, 
Virginia Hog Cholera Cure. i6i' 
Virginia Land Agency . 
Virginia Slate Roofing Co. . [ 
Virginia Steamboat Co . . 106, 
Va., Tenn. & Qa. Air Line 
Walker, Noah & Co. . igq 

Walsh, Charles M 211' 

Walthall's European House 166, 



Page. 

102 

158 

' 235 

. 225 

, 241 

1 iS 

159 
. 129 

237 
238 
236 
235 

75 
180 
180 

24 I 

233 
109 
129 
225 
104 

239 
241 

234 



Watkins, W. L. & Thos. (r 
Watson &M(,(;ill . 
Webster's Unabridged Du- 

tionary ^^ 

V^est Hill Warehouse 128 

West, John M., Age^ t 106,' 
Whearv, Joseph W. ,./ 

Wheary, W. H., Supt. ' 
Whiiehurst, J. M. . . ..I 

Williams, G. R., Supt 
Williams, James M. 
Williamson & Routh. 
Wilson, Alexander 
Wilson, R. r. . 
Winston, James E. 
Winston, Wm. A , Secretarv 

^^^ooU-C Vr2, 

Worth, Joseph B 134^ 

Wright, Augustus . . . .'.190! 
Wright, Aug., President and' 

Agent .... 
Wright, C. L. , .'.".■.■ 170' 

Young, J. W 2,6; 

Zimmer, Wm. L. & Co. . .201' 



Pa-c. 
224 
119 



I 60, 
147, 
124, 



24o 

226 
225 
231 
159 

242 
i5« 
^33 
120 
230 
224 
226 

174 
241 
227 
238 



/.I 
237 
242 
240 



eeRRECTieNs. 



In the List of the Mayors of Petersburg ^ on page 67, th. 
name of "Edmund <?escud" oca^rs as incumbent in iSiS^'io 
This name should have been written Edward (Pescud. 

In the advertisement of J. H. Chataigne, on page 204. th. 
price of the Alexandria (Directory should have been stated a, 
fj.oo. 



pf^ 



^ 



,Mf 



FARMERS' FRIEND 

PL()^^' WORKS, 



15 SYCAMORE STREET. PETERSBURG, VA. 



3. S. 6)?RY, 




HEADQUARTERS FOR 



\m Eiijinss, SeparatDrs, EeapBrs ani Mcwsrs, 



a-I^IST 3!.<CILI-iS, 



COTTON GINS, SAW MILLS 



AND ALl MNBS WK 



•yigTicultui-ai Ii3^ae!»©«*i -ml ll)ao¥«»i7. 



^- 













